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microbio > Skinny viral II > Flashcards

Skinny viral II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of smallpox?

A

ILI

Enanthem and Exanthem (lesions)

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2
Q

What body parts are smallpox rashes seen on? What is distinct about the evolution, relative to other rashes like chickenpox?

A

Mouth (enanthem stage)

Palms and soles, body (exanthem stage)

There is a synchronous evolution of lesions

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3
Q

What is the causative agent of smallpox? Family? Genome?

A

Variola virus

Poxviridae family
dsDNA

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4
Q

What is the distribution of the small pox rash?

A

Centrifugal distribution

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5
Q

What type of rash is smallpox?

A

Firm vesicles to pustules

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6
Q

Where does variola virus replicate?

A

in cytoplasm

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7
Q

How is smallpox transmitted? (3)

A

Contact with lesion
Fomites
air in close spaces

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8
Q

How long are individuals considered infectious with smallpox?

A

Until all scabs have separated from lesions (a monthish)

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9
Q

What are the complications of smallpox? (2) Fatality rate?

A

death (30%)
Arthritis
Encephalitis

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10
Q

What does the smallpox vaccine contain?

A

Live strain of vaccinia virus

another poxvirus

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11
Q

What are the complications of the smallpox vaccine?

A

Eczema vaccinatum

death

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12
Q

What is the difference in distribution of smallpox vs chickenpox?

A

Smallpox = centrifugal (limbs > trunk)

Chickenpox = centripetal (trunk > limbs)

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13
Q

What is the evolution difference between smallpox and chickenpox?

A

Smallpox has synchronous lesions

Not for the chicken

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14
Q

What is the treatment for smallpox?

A

vaccination

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15
Q

What is rubeloa?

A

Another name for Measles

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16
Q

What is the rash seen in measles? How does it start/spread?

A

Maculopapular

Starts from head, down

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17
Q

What are the four prodrome symptoms of measles?

A

Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
Koplik spots

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18
Q

What is the family of measles virus? Genome? Enveloped? How many types?

A

Paramyxovirus
-ssRNA
Enveloped
One type

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19
Q

What is the gene that measles virus has the allows for fusion?

A

F protein

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20
Q

How is measles transmitted?

A

Respiratory droplets

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21
Q

How contagious is measles? Why?

A

Very because can live in air for 2 hours

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22
Q

How do you clinically diagnose measles? (2)

A

Koplik spots + characteristic rash >3 days,

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23
Q

What are koplik spots?

A

White macule with a red border on the mucosa of the mouth next to the molars. Prodrome for measles.

24
Q

What are the severe complications with measles? (3)

A

Encephalitis
Pneumonia
Szs

25
Q

What is the treatment for measles?

A

IG within 6 days

26
Q

What are the four pieces of evidence for measles resistance?

A
  1. Documented vaccination
  2. Lab evidence of immunity
  3. Documentation of past
    diagnosis
  4. Born before 1957
27
Q

What two things need to be done for measles cases?

A

Lab verification

CDC report

28
Q

What does the measles vaccine contain?

A

Live attenuated

Combined in MMR(V)

29
Q

How is the measles vaccine prepared?

A

Chick embryo

30
Q

Dosage for measles vaccination?

A

First at one year

Second at 4-6 years

31
Q

What is the rash of German measles? How is this different from measles (3)?

A

Maculopapular rash on the face and spreading downward

No coalescence
Fainter color
Lower fever

32
Q

What causes German Measles?

A

Rubella virus

33
Q

What are the symptoms of German measles?

A

Rash
Arthralgias
ILI

34
Q

What are the congenital complications of German measles?

A

Congenital deafness, cataracts, glaucoma,

35
Q

What are the symptoms of congeital rubella syndrome (3)?

A

Purpura (blueberry muffin baby)
Hepatosplenomegaly/jaundice
Microcephaly

36
Q

What is the family of the rubella virus? Genome? Enveloped?

A

Togaviridae
Enveloped
+ssRNA

37
Q

How is german measles transmitted?

A

Nasal secretinos

38
Q

How do you diagnose German measles?

A

Culture from tissue samples

Serology

39
Q

What does the rubella vaccine contain? How is it made?

A

Live attenuated

Grown in tissue cultures

40
Q

What is the goal of vaccinating against german measles?

A

Reduce congenital Rubella syndrome

41
Q

What are the symptoms of fifth disease (erythema infectiosum)?

A

Fever

Rash beginning on the cheeks

42
Q

What causes fifth’s disease (erythema infectiosum/slack cheek syndrome)?

A

B19 parvovirus

43
Q

What is the family, genome, for B19 virus?

A

Paroviridae

ssDNA

44
Q

What cells does the B19 virus grow in?

A

Mitotically active cells, usually in hematopoietic cells in bone marrow

45
Q

Who is affected most by B19 virus? What does this cause?

A

Pts with chronic anemia, causes Aplastic crisis

46
Q

What are the pregnancy complications of B19 infx?

A

Anemia
CHF
Hydrops fetalis

47
Q

What are the symptoms of Roseola infantum? Who is usually infected?

A

High fever, THEN maculopapular rash in an infant

48
Q

What causes Roseola infantum? family? genome? Enveloped?

A

HHV-6 or 7
herpesviridae
dsDNA
Enveloped?

49
Q

Where/what cells does HHV-6 replicate? (3)

A

T cell, B cells, and oropharynx

50
Q

Which cells does HHV-7 replicate in?

A

CD4 T cells

51
Q

How is Roseola transmitted?

A

Saliva

52
Q

Koplik spots = ?

A

Measles

53
Q

What is the function of the HA protein that measles produces?

A

Attachment

54
Q

What are the symptoms of fifth’s disease?

A

Rash over the cheeks that spreads downward

55
Q

True or false: infection with the B19 virus (fifth’s disease) is self limiting

A

True

56
Q

Lacelike distribution of rash = ?

A

B19 parvovirus (slap-cheek syndrome/fifth’s disease/erythema infectiosum)

57
Q

Infant fever for 4-5 days, followed by a 1-2 maculopapular rash = ?

A

Roseola

microbio (50 decks)

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