RA sterilization Flashcards
Recent studies in the US conclude that about (what %) of the hospital-acquired infections are preventable.
1/3
What is the most common hospital acquired infection?
UTI
What is primary bacteremia? Secondary?
Primary= When bacteria gain direct entry to bloodstream
Secondary = from infection to elsewhere
Most bacterial infection prior to the discovery of penicillin were due to what type of bacteria? Now?
Gram positive
Now gram negative
True or false: The same organism can be transmitted by more than one route
True
Define sterilization.
he total destruction or physical removal of ALL microorganisms
What is moist heat sterilization?
saturated steam under pressure, as in an autoclave
What is the most widely used, and most inexpensive form of sterilization?
Moist heat
What must be done to destroy prions?
Boiled in 1 M NaOH for 10 minutes
True or false: boiling is a sterilization method
False–It is method of disinfection.
What is the dry heat form of sterilization? What is it used for? What are its limitations?
Using an oven for equipment that could be damaged by moisture
May not kill pyrogens
When is the ethylene oxide gas sterilization technique used?
For equipment that is sensitive to heat and moisture
What is the MOA of ethylene oxide gas?
alkylating protein, DNA and RNA within cells
When is irradiation used? What type of rays are used? MOA?
in lab cabinets,
gamma rays
MOA = damage DNA
Define diinfection.
he process of removing or killing most, but not all, viable organisms
What characterizes a high level disinfectant?
kill almost everything except for a large number of spores
What characterizes an intermediate level disinfectant?
Most of all type of microorgansism, but no spores
What characterizes a low-level disinfectant?
Can kill most bacteria and fungi in a reasonable period of time. Only some viruses.
What level of disinfectant is glutaraldehye?
High
What level of disinfectant are oxidixzing agents (peracetic acid, H2O2, blech etc)?
High