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Pharmacology > Renal Drugs > Flashcards

Renal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

[Diuretics]

site of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

A

PCT

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2
Q

[Diuretics]

DOC for mountain sickness

A

Acetazolamide

MOA: interfere with HCO3 reabsorption; inhibits carbonic anhydrase

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3
Q

[Diuretics]

used to in glaucoma since it has the ability to decrease secretion of aqueous humor

A

acetazolamide

MOA: interfere with HCO3 reabsorption; inhibits carbonic anhydrase

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4
Q

[Loop Diuretics]

site of action of Furosemide

A

THICK ascending loop of Henle

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5
Q

[Loop Diuretics]

The transporter affected by furosemide

A

NaK2Cl transporter

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6
Q

Which part of the kidney is the site of calcium and magnesium reabsorption

A

Thick Ascending loop of henle

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7
Q

What drug class decreases the efficacy of your loop diuretics

A

NSAIDs

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8
Q

[Loop Diuretics]

causes ototoxicity

A

Furosemide

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9
Q

[Loop Diuretics]

What are the electrolyte imbalances associated with intake of furosemide?

A
  1. Hyperuricemia
  2. Hypokalemia
  3. Hypomagnesemia
  4. Hypocalcemia
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10
Q

[Loop Diuretics]

What are the adverse effects of your loop diuretics?

A

OH DANG

  1. Ototoxicity
  2. Hypokalemia
  3. Dehydration
  4. Allergy to Sulfa
  5. Nephritis
  6. gout
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11
Q

Thiazide diuretics acts on this transporter

A

NaCl carrier

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12
Q

Site of action of thiazide diuretics

A

Distal Convoluted tubule

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13
Q

Segment of the nephron affected by PTH

A

DCT

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14
Q

What are the adverse effects of your thiazide diuretics

A

HyperGLUC

  1. hyperGlycemia
  2. hyperLipidemia
  3. hyperUricemia
  4. hyperCalcemia
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15
Q

Diuretic of choice for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

Thiazide diuretics

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16
Q

Diuretic that is contraindicated in patients with DM

A

Thiazide diuretics

Can cause hyperpolarization of ATP dependent K channels which means no insulin release thus hyperglycemia

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17
Q

Site of action of aldosterone resulting to Na reabsorption

A

Cortical Collecting Duct

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18
Q

Which part of the nephron is termed as the primary side of urine acidification

A

Cortical collecting duct

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19
Q

Site of action of potassium-sparing diuretics

A

Cortical collecting duct

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20
Q

Diuretic of choice in hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

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21
Q

What is the MOA of Eplerenone

A

Its a K-sparing diuretic

MOA: Steroid inhbitors of cytoplasmic aldosterone receptor in CCD, reduces K excretion

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22
Q

Potassium sparing diiuretic that reduces progression of DM nephropathy and reduces mortality post MI

A

Eplerenone

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23
Q

Diuretic that can cause gynecomastia

A

Spironolactone

24
Q

Potassium sparing diuretic that is beneficial in patients with CHD since it helps in the management of cardiac remodeling

A

Spironolactone

25
Q

Drug that inhibits ENaC epithelial sodium channels in the CCD, reducing Na reabsorption and K excretion

A
  1. Amiloride

2. Triamterene

26
Q

These diuretics should not be given with patients taking potassium supplements

A
  1. Amiloride

2. Triamterene

27
Q

The indication of these diuretics are for patients with hypokalemia

A
  1. Amiloride

2. Triamterene

28
Q

What are the examples of you potassium sparing diuretics

A
  1. Spironolactone
  2. Triamterene
  3. Amiloride
  4. Eplerenone

STAE(y)

29
Q

What are the drugs that can cause gynecomastia?

A

C-KADS

  1. Cimetidine
  2. Ketoconazole
  3. Alcohol
  4. Digoxin
  5. Spironolactone
30
Q

Diuretic used in patients with increased intracranial pressure

A

Mannitol

31
Q

Diuretic used in patients with acute glaucoma

A

Mannitol

32
Q

Diuretic used to maintain high urine flow

A

Mannitol

33
Q

What hormone plays a role in the reabsorption of water

A

ADH

34
Q

Vasocpressin is an ADH agonist at what ADH receptors?

A

Both V1 and V2

35
Q

Diuretic of choice for nocturnal enuresis

A

Vasopressin

36
Q

Diuretic used to treat vWF disease

A

Vassopressin

37
Q

Diuretic that is not recommended during pregnancy since it can cause uterine contraction and increased uterine pressure in early pregnancy

A

Terlipressin

38
Q

Which factor increases after administration of vasopressin?

A
  1. Factor 8

2. vWF disease

39
Q

Diuretic of choice for central diabetes insipidus

A

Vasopressin

40
Q

Diuretic of choice for SIADH

A

Conivaptan

41
Q

What mineral which acts as ADH antagonist and used in SIADH?

A

Lithium

42
Q

What is the adverse effect of rapid correction of hyponatremia?

A

Central pontine myelinosis

43
Q

Urine Calcium concentration increases in which diuretic class?

A

Loop diuretics

44
Q

Diuretic drug class that can cause alkalemia

A
  1. Loop diuretics

2. Thiazide diuretics

45
Q

Diuretic drug class that can cause acidemia

A
  1. Carbonic anydrase inhibitors

2. K sparing diuretics

46
Q

Drug that can be used to treat pulmonary artery hypertension since it has a dual endothelin receptor antagonist activity

A

Bosentan

47
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist that does not elicit reflex tachycardia; acts at the 5HT1A agonist also

A

Urapidil

48
Q

Cerebral activators used in traumatic brain injury (like SAH) since it stabilizes cell membrane and reduces free radicals

A

Citicoline

49
Q

Beta 2 adrenoceptor agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle; used to treat premature labor and vasodilator for reynaud’s phenomenon

A

Isoxuprine

50
Q

An antihistamine drug used to treat cerebral apoplexy, post trauma cerebral symptoms;

A

Cinnarazine

51
Q

SGLT2 inhibitor

A

Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin

52
Q

What is a drug that is not a sulfonamide but has a typical loop activity and some uricosuric action

A

Ethacrynic acid

53
Q

What is the only parenteral thiazide available?

A

Chlorothiazide

54
Q

What is the DOC for Liddle’s Syndrome

A

Amiloride

55
Q

DOC for lithium induced polyuria

A

Amiloride

Pharmacology (35 decks)

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