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Pharmacology > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the site of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

A

proximal convoluted tubues

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2
Q

Drug of choice in mountain sickness

A

Acetazolamide

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3
Q

[carbonic anhydrase inhibitor]

used to treat glaucoma

A

acetazolamide

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4
Q

[carbonic anhydrase inhibitor]

used to treat edema with alkalosis

A

acetazolamide

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5
Q

The site of calcium and magnesium reabsorption

A

thick ascending loop of henle

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6
Q

sodium reabsorption in the loop of henle is due to this transporter

A

Na/K/2Cl

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7
Q

diuretic that can cause ototoxicity

A

furosemide

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8
Q

what are the side effects of loop diuretics?

A 
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Dehydration
Allergy to sulfa
Nephritis
Gout
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9
Q

What pain reliever that decreases the efficacy of furosemide?

A

NSAIDS

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10
Q

The site of action of thiazide diuretics is ___

A

distal convoluted tubule

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11
Q

The distal convoluted tubule actively pumps sodium and chloride out of the lumen of the nephron via this carrier

A

Na/Cl

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12
Q

diuretic that can be used in nephrogenic diabetc insipidus

A

hydrochlorothiazide

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13
Q

what are the side effects of thiazide diuretics?

A

hyperglycemia
Hyperlipidemia
Hyperuricemia
Hypercalcemia

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14
Q

Thiazide diuretics cause hyperglycemia by

A

causes hyperpolarization of the ATP dependent K channels (pancreatic beta cells and blood vessel) resulting to decreased insulin release

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15
Q

site of action of potassium sparing diuretics

A

cortical collecting ducts

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16
Q

the primary site of acidification of urine is located here

A

cortical collecting ducts

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17
Q

____ are steroid inhibitors of cytoplasmic receptor in cortical collecting ducts. reduces K secretion

A

spironolactone

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18
Q

can be used to treat hyperaldoseteronism

A

spironolactone

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19
Q

diuretic that can cause gynecomastia

A

spironolactone

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20
Q

diuretic that can cause BPH and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

A

spironolactone

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21
Q

diuretic that is beneficial with CHF since it helps in the management of cardiac remodeling

A

spironolactone

22
Q

K sparing diuretic that inhibits ENaC epithelial sodium channels in the cortical collecting duct, reduces Na reabsorption and K excretion

A

amiloride

23
Q

What supplements should not be given to patients taking amiloride?

A

potassium supplements

24
Q

What are the potassium-sparing diuretics?

A

Spironolactone
Triamterene
Amiloride
Eplerenone

25
Q

Drugs that can cause gynecomastia

A 
Spironolactone
Digoxin
Cimetidine
Alcohol
Ketoconazole
26
Q

Mannitol retains water in the tubule by reducing water reabsorption in the ____

A

proximal tubule
descending limb of henle
collecting ducts

27
Q

diuretic of choice for rhabdomyolysis

A

mannitol

28
Q

site of location of antidiuretic hormone

A

medullary cortical duct

29
Q

___ are examples of ADH agonist

A

Desmopressin

Terlipressin

30
Q

diuretic of choice for central diabetes insipidus

A

Vasopressin

31
Q

diuretic of choice for nocturnal enuresis

A

vasopressin

32
Q

drug of choice for von Willebrand disease

A

desmopressin

33
Q

what clotting factor increases when taking vasopressin

A

Factor VIII

34
Q

Antidiuretic hormone shown to cause uterine contractions and increased uterine pressure in early pregnancy and may decrease uterine blood flow

A

terlipressin

35
Q

Example of V1a and V2 receptor antagonist

A 
Conivaptan
Tolvaptan
Lixivaptan
Demeclocycline
Lithium
36
Q

Diuretic used to treat SIADH

A

ADH antagonist - Conivaptan

37
Q

ADH antagonist that can cause bone and teeth abnormalities

A

demeclocycline

38
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics]

Urine Na
Serum Na

A

Urine Na increases

Serum NaCl decreases

39
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: K sparing]

Urine K
Serum K

A

Urine K decreased to normal

Serum K increased to normal

40
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: in general]

Urine K
Serum K

A

Urine K increased

Serum K decreased

41
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: loop diuretics]

Urine Ca
Serum Ca

A

Urine Ca increased in loop diuretics

Serum Ca decreased in loop diuretics

42
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: thiazides]

Urine Ca
Serum Ca

A

Urine Ca decreased

Serum Ca increased

43
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: K sparing]

pH

A

alkalemia;

also prevents K secretion

44
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: thiazide]

pH

A

alkalemia

45
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: loop]

pH

A

alkalemia

46
Q

[Electrolyte changes after taking diuretics: acetazolamide]

pH

A

acidemia

due to decreased HCO3 reabsorption

47
Q

dual endothelin receptor antagonist used in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension

A

bosentan

48
Q

sympahtholytic antihypertensive drug acts as an alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonist and 5HT1 A receptor agonist

A

urapidil

49
Q

beta 2 adrenoceptor agonist, direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle; treatment of premature labor and vasodilator for cerebral vascular inusffficieny

A

isoxuprine

50
Q

used to treat cerebral apoplexy, post trauma cerebral symptoms, cerebral arteriosclerosis

A

cinnarazine

Pharmacology (35 decks)

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