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Renal and Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q
  1. insulin _______ blood glucose level
    a. decreases
    b. increases
    c. neutralizes
    d. NOTA
A

a. decreases

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2
Q
  1. Glucagon _______ blood glucose level
    a. decreases
    b. increases
    c. neutralizes
    d. NOTA
A

b. increases

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3
Q
  1. Other name for :MSH
    a. Melanotropin
    b. Melantrotropin
    c. Melanintropin
    d. Melantopin
A

a. Melanotropin

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4
Q
  1. Decreased rate of breakdown of bone by osteoclasts; prevention of a large increase in blood Ca2+ levels

a. Parathyroid hormone
b. Thyroid Hormone
c. Calcitonin
d. NOTA

A

c. Calcitonin

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5
Q
  1. Increased rate of breakdown of bone by osteoclasts; increased blood Ca2+ levels

a. Parathyroid hormone
b. Thyroid Hormone
c. Calcitonin
d. NOTA

A

a. Parathyroid hormone

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6
Q
  1. Increased breakdown of glycogen; release of glucose into the blood

a. Insulin
b. Somatostatin
c. Glucagon
d. AOTA

A

c. Glucagon

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7
Q
  1. Involuntary contraction of urinary bladder . May be idiopathic, alcohol, bladder infection and bladder tumor

a. Stress incontinence
b. Urge Incontinence
c. Overflow Incontinence
d. NOTA

A

b. Urge Incontinence

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8
Q
  1. ____ converts the angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1

a. ACE
b. RENIN
c. Enterokinase
d. HCL

A

b. RENIN

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9
Q
  1. The most dilute luminal fluid in the presence of ADH is found in the

a. Proximal Convoluted Tubule
b. Descending Loop of Henle
c. Ascending Loop of Henle
d. Distal Convoluted Tubule

A

c. Ascending Loop of Henle

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10
Q
  1. Once the blood is filtered, the resulting fluid is modified to form urine as it passes through each section of the renal tubule. The first section is the

a. PCT
b. Thin descending LOH
c. Thin Ascending LOH
d. DCT

A

a. PCT

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11
Q
  1. In the renal corpuscle, there is a network of capillaries twisted around each other like a ball of yarn called the

a. Bowmans Capsule
b. Glomerulus
c. PCT
d. DCT

A

b. Glomerulus

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12
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the filtration membrane?
    a. It is located within the renal tubule in the renal cortex
    b. It is located within the renal corpuscle in the renal medulla
    c. It is located within the renal corpuscle in the renal cortex
    d. It is located within the renal tubule in the renal medulla
A

c. It is located within the renal corpuscle in the renal cortex

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13
Q
  1. Increases the flexibility of connective tissue in the pelvic area, especially the symphysis pubis

a. Estrogen
b. Relaxin
c. Progesterone
d. AOTA

A

b. Relaxin

Esp daw pag mangangak
Marerelax yung area kaya increase yung flexibility

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14
Q
  1. help regulate sleep-wake cycle

a. Melatonin
b. Melanin
c. Mentonin
d. A and b

A

a. Melatonin

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15
Q
  1. The pineal gland produces:

a. Thymosin
b. Melatonin
c. Melanin
d. NOTA

A

b. Melatonin

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16
Q
  1. Insulin secretion increases because of
    a. Elevated blood glucose level
    b. Decreased blood glucose level
    c. Normal blood glucose level
    d. AOTA
A

a. Elevated blood glucose level

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17
Q
  1. The Urinary System consists of the:
    a. 2 kidneys, 2 Ureters, 2 Urinary bladder, 2 Urethra
    b. 2 Kidneys, 2 Ureters, 1 Urinary Bladder, 1 Urethra
    c. 1 Kidney, 1 Ureter, 2 Urinary bladder, 2 Urethra
    d. 1 Kidney, 1 Ureter, 1 Urinary bladder, 1 Urethra
A

b. 2 Kidneys, 2 Ureters, 1 Urinary Bladder, 1 Urethra

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18
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the action of Angiotensin II?
    a. Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and an increase in blood volume.
    b. Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and a decrease in blood volume.
    c. Vasodilator and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and a decrease in blood volume.
    d. Vasodilator and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and an increase in blood volume.
A

a. Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and an increase in blood volume.

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19
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the juxtamedullary nephron?
    a. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal cortex
    b. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal medulla
    c. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal capsule
    d. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal fascia
A

b. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal medulla

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20
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the cortical nephron?
    a. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal cortex
    b. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal medulla
    c. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal capsule
    d. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal fascia
A

a. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal cortex

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21
Q
  1. If the ADH is present, water moves out, and a _________ urine is produced.

a. Dilute
b. Concentrated
c. Neither
d. NOTA

A

b. Concentrated

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22
Q
  1. Vasopressin inhibits water loss through the ___

a. Lungs
b. Small intestine
c. Kidneys
d. stomach

A

c. Kidneys

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23
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the ureters?
    a. tubes through which urine flows from the urinary bladder to the kidneys
    b. transports urine to the outside of the body
    c. tubes through which urine flows from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
    d. NOTA
A

c. tubes through which urine flows from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

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24
Q
  1. Stretch of the urinary bladder stimulates a reflex that causes the urinary bladder to contract

a. Misturition Reflex
b. Micturition Reflex
c. Mictunction Reflex
d. NOTA

A

b. Micturition Reflex

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25
Q
  1. Increased melanin production in melanocytes to make the skin darker in color

a. FSH
b. TSH
c. ACTH
d. MSH

A

d. MSH

26
Q
  1. Milk production in lactating women

a. Pronlantin
b. Prolactin
c. Polantin
d. NOTA

A

b. Prolactin

Lactate –> prolactin

27
Q
  1. The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland secretes
    a. Aldosterone
    b. Cortisol
    c. Androgen
    d. AOTA
A

a. Aldosterone

28
Q
  1. __ stimulates cortisol secretion.

a. TSH
b. ACTH
c. MSH
d. LH

A

b. ACTH

29
Q
  1. involved in the development of the immune system

a. thyroxine
b. thymosin
c. calcitonin
d. insulin

A

b. thymosin

30
Q
  1. Glucagon secretion is stimulated by

a. Elevated blood glucose level
b. Decreased blood glucose level
c. Normal blood glucose level
d. AOTA

A

b. Decreased blood glucose level

31
Q
  1. All of the following describes the pituitary gland, EXCEPT
    a. connected to the base of the brain
    b. pituitary gland is divided into two lobes: the posterior pituitary gland, or neurohypophysis and the anterior pituitary gland, or adenohypophysis
    c. the hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary are neurohormones, not traditional hormones
    d. NOTA
A

c. the hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary are neurohormones, not traditional hormones

32
Q
  1. increased growth in tissues

a. Growth Hormone
b. Somantotopin
c. A and b
d. NOTA

A

a. Growth Hormone

33
Q
  1. sperm cell production in testes

a. LH
b. TSH
c. FSH
d. MSH

A

c. FSH

Parang fish ang sperm

34
Q
  1. All of the following describes the Pancreas, Except

a. both an exocrine and an endocrine gland.
b. The exocrine portion of the pancreas consists of a complex duct system, which ends in small sacs that produce pancreatic digestive juices.
c. The endocrine portion consists of the pancreatic islets. Each islet is composed of alpha cells, which secrete glucagon; beta cells, which secrete insulin; and delta cells, which secrete somatostatin.
d. NOTA

A

d. NOTA

35
Q
  1. The zona reticularis of the adrenal gland secretes

a. Aldosterone
b. Cortisol
c. Androgen
d. AOTA

A

c. Androgen

36
Q
  1. The zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland secretes

a. Aldosterone
b. Cortisol
c. Androgen
d. AOTA

A

b. Cortisol

Code: fasciCORTISOLata

37
Q
  1. The renal medulla is composed of many cone-shaped structures called

a. Renal pyramid
b. Renal Papillae
c. Renal Cortex
d. Renal Fascia

A

a. Renal pyramid

38
Q
  1. The distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts remain relatively impermeable to water in the absence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is secreted from the posterior pituitary.
    a. First Statement is true. Second statement is false
    b. Second statement is false. Second statement is true
    c. Both statements are true
    d. Both statements are false
A

c. Both statements are true

39
Q
  1. ____ is an enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells.

a. Pepsin
b. Renin
c. Pensin
d. Resin

A

b. Renin

40
Q
  1. All of the following describes the kidneys, EXCEPT?
    a. They extend from the lower portion of the rib cage at the level of the last thoracic (T12) vertebra to the third lumbar (L3) vertebra
    b. The liver is superior to the right kidney, causing the right kidney to be slightly lower than the left
    c. The kidneys are bean-shaped
    d. NOTA
A

d. NOTA

41
Q
  1. If the ADH is not present or its concentration is low, the DCT and collecting ducts are less permeable to _____
    a. Water
    b. Proteins
    c. Potassium
    d. Platelets
A

a. Water

42
Q
  1. Contraction of this smooth muscle forces urine out of the urinary bladder

a. Petrusor muscle
b. Dartos muscle
c. Detrusor muscle
d. NOTA

A

c. Detrusor muscle

Code: detRUSHor kaya finoforce niya na lumabas si wiwi

43
Q
  1. All of the following describes the OXYTOCIN, Except
    a. Increased uterine contractions
    b. increased milk expulsion from mammary glands
    c. Target tissue of this hormone: Uterus, mammary gland
    d. NOTA
A

d. NOTA

44
Q
  1. Increased uptake and use of glucose

a. Insulin
b. Somatostatin
c. Glucagon
d. AOTA

A

a. Insulin

45
Q
  1. Glomerular Filtration Rate

a. 135 ml/min
b. 145ml/min
c. 125 l/min
d. NOTA

A

d. NOTA

46
Q
  1. Concentration of the luminal fluid
    a. Proximal convoluted tubules
    b. Collecting tubules
    c. Distal Convoluted Tubules
    d. Dispersing Tubules
    e. Thick Ascending Loop of Henle
A

a. Proximal convoluted tubules

47
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the Overflow incontinence?
    a. ability of the urinary bladder to empty completely
    b. Inability of the urethra to empty completely
    c. Inability of the urinary bladder to empty completely
    d. ability of the urethra to empty completely
A

c. Inability of the urinary bladder to empty completely

48
Q
  1. The nervous supply to the urinary system detects this as the sensory stimulus to micturition:

a. Contraction of the detrusor muscle
b. Vibration of the bladder rugae
c. Increased pain in the lower abdominal area
d. Stretch in the bladder wall

A

d. Stretch in the bladder wall

49
Q
  1. If ADH is absent, water is not reabsorbed and a __________ urine is produced.

a. Dilute
b. Concentrated
c. Neither
d. NOTA

A

a. Dilute

50
Q
  1. Major gonadotropins

a. FSH and TSH
b. FSH and LH
c. LH and ACTH
d. LH and Insulin

A

b. FSH and LH

51
Q
  1. insulin _______ blood glucose level
    a. decreases
    b. increases
    c. neutralizes
    d. NOTA
A

a. decreases

52
Q
  1. Glucagon _______ blood glucose level
    a. decreases
    b. increases
    c. neutralizes
    d. NOTA
A

b. increases

53
Q
  1. Other name for MSH

a. Melanotropin
b. Melantrotropin
c. Melanintropin
d. Melantopin

A

a. Melanotropin

54
Q
  1. Decreased rate of breakdown of bone by osteoclasts; prevention of a large increase in blood Ca2+ levels

a. Parathyroid hormone
b. Thyroid Hormone
c. Calcitonin
d. NOTA

A

c. Calcitonin

55
Q
  1. Increased rate of breakdown of bone by osteoclasts; increased blood Ca2+ levels

a. Parathyroid hormone
b. Thyroid Hormone
c. Calcitonin
d. NOTA

A

a. Parathyroid hormone

56
Q
  1. Increased breakdown of glycogen; release of glucose into the blood

a. Insulin
b. Somatostatin
c. Glucagon
d. AOTA

A

c. Glucagon

57
Q
  1. Involuntary contraction of urinary bladder . May be idiopathic, alcohol, bladder infection and bladder tumor
    a. Stress incontinence
    b. Urge Incontinence
    c. Overflow Incontinence
    d. NOTA
A

b. Urge Incontinence

Keywords: Involuntary contraction

58
Q
  1. converts the angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1

a. ACE
b. RENIN
c. Enterokinase
d. HCL

A

b. RENIN

59
Q
  1. The most dilute luminal fluid in the presence of ADH is found in the

a. Proximal Convoluted Tubule
b. Descending Loop of Henle
c. Ascending Loop of Henle
d. Distal Convoluted Tubule

A

c. Ascending Loop of Henle

60
Q
  1. Once the blood is filtered, the resulting fluid is modified to form urine as it passes through each section of the renal tubule. The first section is the

a. PCT
b. Thin descending LOH
c. Thin Ascending LOH
d. DCT

A

a. PCT

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