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Peripheral Vascular Disease Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Varicosities is a condition wherein there is a distention of superficial veins with sign and symptoms of aching, heavy legs and appearance of spider veins on the affected legs. The most affected structures are the valves of the veins.

a. First statement is true, second statement is false
b. First statement is false, second statement is true
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false

A

c. Both statements are true

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2
Q
  1. Most common manifestation of CVI

a. Pain
b. Ulceration
c. Pigmentation
d. Dermatitis

A

b. Ulceration

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3
Q
  1. Medical management for patients with deep vein thrombosis

a. Heparin
b. Captopril
c. Sclerotherapy
d. A and B

A

a. Heparin

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4
Q
  1. The framework of the peripheral vascular system is the Blood. The function of the blood vessel is to carry blood throughout the body to and from the heart.

a. First statement true. Second statement false
b. First statement false. Second statement is true
c. Both are true
d. Both are false

A

b. First statement false. Second statement is true

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5
Q
  1. ABI ranges from 1.19-0.95 is a possible indication of

a. DM
b. Mild arterial disease
c. Severe Arterial Disease
d. NOTA

A

d. NOTA

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6
Q
  1. Wounds will most frequently be located on the LEs (lateral malleoli)

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOTA

A

a. Arterial insufficiency

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7
Q
  1. Skin is cool on palpation.

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOTA

A

a. Arterial insufficiency

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8
Q
  1. Signs and symptoms of lymphedema may be present

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOTA

A

b. Venous Insufficiency

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9
Q
  1. a peripheral manifestation of atherosclerosis characterized by intermittent claudication, rest pain, and trophic changes. This is the arterial disease most likely to lead to ulceration

a. DVT
b. SVI
c. ASO
d. CVI

A

c. ASO

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10
Q
  1. is a result of either congenital abnormalities or the absence of lymph tissue

a. Primary Lymphedema
b. Secondary Lymphedema
c. Tertiary Lymphedema
d. NOTA

A

a. Primary Lymphedema

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11
Q
  1. Treatment for lymphedema, EXCEPT

a. Compression garments
b. Dynamic Exercises
c. Manual Lymphatic Drainage
d. NOTA

A

d. NOTA

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12
Q
  1. Large arteries are termed ____

a. Elastic
b. Muscular
c. Rigid
d. Scraggy

A

a. Elastic

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13
Q
  1. Wounds most frequently located on the LEs: proximal to the medial malleolus

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOTA

A

b. Venous Insufficiency

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14
Q
  1. Not significantly painful; usually complaints of minor dull leg pain are relieved with elevation

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOTA

A

b. Venous Insufficiency

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15
Q
  1. Skin around the wound may be black, mummified (dry gangrene).

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOT

A

a. Arterial insufficiency

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16
Q
  1. A 45 year old female is complaining of leg pain in her muscle leg compartment, an ulceration on the lateral malleolus and a visible gangrene. What is the diagnosis of the patient?

a. Chronic venous insufficiency
b. Superficial vein thrombosis
c. Atherosclerosis Obliterans
d. Deep vein thrombosis

A

c. Atherosclerosis Obliterans

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17
Q
  1. A patient presents with severe claudication which is evident when he walks distances greater than 200 feet. He also exhibits muscle fatigue and cramping of both calf muscles. Upon examination, the therapist finds his skin pale and shiny with some trophic nail changes. The BEST choice for intervention is to:

a. Begin with an interval walking program, exercising only to the point of pain
b. Avoid any exercise stress until he has been on calcium channel blockers for at least 2 weeks
c. Utilize a walking program of moderate intensity, instructing the patient that some pain is expected and to be tolerated
d. Utilized non weightbearing exercises such as cycle ergometry

A

a. Begin with an interval walking program, exercising only to the point of pain

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18
Q
  1. A therapist performs ABI to her patient. Assuming that the LE pressure is 50mmHg and the UE pressure is 120mmHg. Calculate the ABI of the patient

a. 0.42
b. 0.66
c. 0.77
d. 0.88

A

a. 0.42

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19
Q
  1. Venous stasis is caused by

a. prolonged immobilization or absence of the calf muscle pump
b. prolonged mobilization or presence of the calf muscle pump
c. prolonged immobilization or absence of the quads muscle pump
d. prolonged mobilization or presence of the quads muscle pump

A

a. prolonged immobilization or absence of the calf muscle pump

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20
Q
  1. considered an essential component of the vascular examination. The examiner uses a handheld probe to direct a sound wave into the vessel to be tested. The sound wave is reflected by red blood cells moving in the vessel. The sound wave signal is changed into audible sound that is transmitted from a small, handheld unit.

a. TENS
b. Compression Therapy
c. Doppler ultrasound
d. ES

A

c. Doppler ultrasound

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21
Q
  1. inflammation leads to arterial occlusion and tissue ischemia, especially in young men who smoke

a. SVI
b. TAO
c. CVI
d. DM

A

b. TAO

22
Q
  1. occurs owing to anatomical obliteration of part of the lymphatic system as a result of an extrinsic process (e.g. surgery or repeated infections) or as a consequence of functional deficiency (e.g. paralysis)

a. Primary Lymphedema
b. Secondary Lymphedema
c. Tertiary Lymphedema
d. NOTA

A

b. Secondary Lymphedema

23
Q
  1. veins run above the fascia of the muscles.

a. Superficial
b. Deep
c. Perforating
d. AOTA

A

a. Superficial

24
Q
  1. Complaints of itching, fatigue, aching, heaviness in involved limb(s)

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOTA

A

b. Venous Insufficiency

25
Q
  1. The initial exercise for patient with primary lymphedema

a. brisk walking
b. step aerobics
c. running no more than 3 miles at a time
d. soccer or other sports that patient enjoys

A

a. brisk walking

26
Q
  1. A patient with chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities is most likely to exhibit

a. Normal superficial veins no edema, ulceration and patches of the gangrene around the toes
b. Dilation of superficial veins, edema, and stasis ulceration
c. No edema, cold, hairless extremities and faint dorsalis pedis pulse
d. Dilation of superficial veins and edema made worse during sitting or elevation of the lower extremities

A

b. Dilation of superficial veins, edema, and stasis ulceration

27
Q
  1. Most common serious complication of Deep Vein thrombosis

a. Pulmonary embolism
b. Inflammation of the leg
c. Stroke
d. Heart attack

A

a. Pulmonary embolism

28
Q
  1. A 72 year old patient has been hospitalized, on complete bedrest for 10days. A physical therapy referral requests mobilization out of bed and mobilization. The patient complains that today his right calf is aching. If he gets up and moves around he is sure he will feel better. The therapist’s examination reveals calf tenderness with slight swelling and warmth. The therapist decides to

a. Ambulate the patient with his support stockings on
b. Postpone ambulation and report the findings immediately
c. Begin with ankle pump exercises in bed and then ambulate
d. Use only AROM exercises with the patient sitting at the edge of the bed

A

b. Postpone ambulation and report the findings immediately

29
Q
  1. One of the most important tests for individuals with arterial disease

a. Cardiac Catherization
b. Swan Ganz Catheter
c. Ankle Brachial Index
d. Stemmers Test

A

c. Ankle Brachial Index

30
Q
  1. A therapist performs ABI to her patient. Assuming that the LE pressure is 80mmHg and the UE pressure is 120mmHg. Calculate the ABI of the patient

a. 0.42
b. 0.66
c. 0.77
d. 0.88

A

a. 0.42

31
Q
  1. To achieve maximum reduction of lymphedema following a mastectomy in the upper extremity by means of massage, it is most important that

a. Local heat be applied before the massage
b. The upper arm be massaged before the forearm
c. The hand be massage before the forearm
d. The massage strokes occur in a centrifugal direction

A

b. The upper arm be massaged before the forearm

32
Q
  1. Weak valves can lead to _____

a. Varicose veins
b. Dermatitis
c. Pigmentation
d. Gangrene

A

a. Varicose veins

33
Q
  1. A 30 yo patient who was diagnosed to have thromboangitis obliterans complains of intermittent claudication on lower extremities. Which of the following best describes the patient’s condition?

a. inflammation leads to venous occlusion and tissue ischemia, especially in young men who smoke
b. inflammation leads to arterial occlusion and tissue ischemia, especially in young men who smoke
c. vasospasm leads to venous occlusion and tissue ischemia, especially in young men who smoke
d. vasospasm leads to venous occlusion and tissue ischemia, especially in old men who smoke

A

b. inflammation leads to arterial occlusion and tissue ischemia, especially in young men who smoke

34
Q
  1. A physical therapist is developing an educational program for individuals with lower extremity peripheral neuropathies due to diabetes. Which of the following information is MOST important for the physical therapist to recommend for the prevention of injury to the feet?

a. Orthoses to support the extremity
b. Use of proper footwear
c. Moisturizing the skin to prevent dryness
d. Exercise parameters

A

b. Use of proper footwear

35
Q
  1. All of the following describes Raynauds Syndrome, EXCEPT

a. Classic episodes of vasospasm cause an intense pallor of the proximal extremity followed in sequence by cyanosis and rubor or rewarming.
b. The fingers and hands are most affected.
c. Attacks of vasospasm in response to cold or emotional stress
d. Nicotine and drugs with a potential for vasoconstriction should be avoided

A

a. Classic episodes of vasospasm cause an intense pallor of the proximal extremity followed in sequence by cyanosis and rubor or rewarming.

36
Q
  1. A 28 yo female who is currently working as a saleslady at a department store complains of aching, heavy legs and appearance of spider veins on the affected legs. Her work requires prolonged standing. What is the condition the patient is suffering from?

a. Thromboangitis obliterans
b. Deep Vein Thrombosis
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. Varicose veins

A

d. Varicose veins

37
Q
  1. Homans’ sign

a. Discomfort in the lower calf during gentle, forced dorsiflexion of the foot
b. Discomfort in the upper calf during gentle, forced dorsiflexion of the foot
c. Discomfort in the upper calf during gentle, forced plantarflexion of the foot
d. Discomfort in the lower calf during gentle, forced plantarflexion of the foot

A

b. Discomfort in the upper calf during gentle, forced dorsiflexion of the foot

38
Q
  1. Which of the following best describes lymphedema?

a. chronic disorder characterized by a normal accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues of one or more body regions
b. chronic disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues of one or more body regions
c. chronic disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues of one body region only
d. chronic disorder characterized by a normal accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues of one body region

A

b. chronic disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues of one or more body regions

39
Q
  1. Lymphatics are located in all portions of the body, except

a. CNS
b. Cornea
c. CNS and cornea
d. NOTA

A

c. CNS and cornea

40
Q
  1. The initial exercise for patient with primary lymphedema

a. brisk walking
b. step aerobics
c. running no more than 3 miles at a time
d. soccer or other sports that patient enjoys

A

a. brisk walking

41
Q
  1. A patient was diagnosed to have DVT. There are factors that are critically important in the development of venous thrombosis such as venous stasis, activation of blood coagulation, and vein damage. What do you call the triad presented in the case scenario?

a. Vinchows Triad
b. Virchows Triad
c. Triad syndrome
d. Triage syndrome

A

b. Virchows Triad

42
Q
A
43
Q
  1. A 45 year old female is complaining of leg pain in her muscle leg compartment, an ulceration on the medial malleolus but there is no gangrene. What is most likely the diagnosis of the patient?

a. Chronic venous insufficiency
b. Superficial vein thrombosis
c. Thromboangitis obliterans
d. Deep vein thrombosis

A

a. Chronic venous insufficiency

44
Q
  1. A patient with pulmonary embolism may present which of the following clinical presentation?

a. Dyspnea, peripheral edema, buffalo hump
b. Dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, striae
c. Dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, cough
d. Dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, peripheral edema

A

c. Dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, cough

45
Q
  1. A patient who is transported to the physical therapy department in a wheelchair reports severe bilateral lower extremity pain. A purple discoloration of both feet is observed. The pain is relieved when the patients feet are raised just above the horizontal plane. These signs are MOST indicative of

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Intermittent claudication
c. Venous insufficiency
d. A psychosomatic episode

A

c. Venous insufficiency

46
Q
  1. A patient comes to physical therapy for intervention for an ulcer on the right medial malleolus. Upon inspection of the patient’s legs the physical therapist notes normal skin temperature and brownish pigmentation of the skin. The patient most likely also has

a. Edema
b. Diminished pedal pulse
c. Lower extremity pain with exercises
d. Hypersensitivity to cold

A

a. Edema

47
Q
  1. A 72 year old patient has been hospitalized, on complete bedrest for 10days. A physical therapy referral requests mobilization out of bed and mobilization. The patient complains that today his right calf is aching. If he gets up and moves around he is sure he will feel better. The therapist’s examination reveals calf tenderness with slight swelling and warmth. The therapist must decide to:

a. Ambulate the patient with his support stockings on
b. Postpone ambulation and report the findings immediately
c. Begin with ankle pump exercises in bed and then ambulate
d. Use only AROM exercises with the patient sitting at the edge of the bed

A

b. Postpone ambulation and report the findings immediately

48
Q
  1. run between the superficial and the deep, penetrating the fascia to connect the superficial and deep vessels

a. Superficial
b. Deep
c. Perforating
d. AOTA

A

c. Perforating

49
Q
  1. A patient presents with severe claudication which is evident when he walks distances greater than 200 feet. He also exhibits muscle fatigue and cramping of both calf muscles. Upon examination, the therapist finds his skin pale and shiny with some trophic nail changes. The BEST choice for intervention is to:

a. Begin with an interval walking program, exercising only to the point of pain
b. Avoid any exercise stress until he has been on calcium channel blockers for at least 2 weeks
c. Utilize a walking program of moderate intensity, instructing the patient that some pain is expected and to be tolerated
d. Utilized non weightbearing exercises such as cycle ergometry

A

a. Begin with an interval walking program, exercising only to the point of pain

50
Q
  1. Wounds are painful and patient may also describe pain in the legs and/or feet

a. Arterial insufficiency
b. Venous Insufficiency
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. AOTA

A

a. Arterial insufficiency

51
Q
  1. A person with primary lymphedema secondary to hypoplasia that began later in adolescence is referred for PT. The person recently got married and is wondering if it is likely this condition can be passed on their future children. It would be best to advise this patient that

a. genetic risk is less than 25% of the cases of primary lympedema
b. lymphedema is not related to genetic causes
c. secondary lympedema is more likely to be an inheritable trait
d. there is a strong likelihood that it could be passed on to any future children

A

a. genetic risk is less than 25% of the cases of primary lympedema

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