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Basic Kinesiology Flashcards

1
Q

Concentric activation refers to

a. Activated muscle that shortens as it produces a pulling force b. Activated muscle that lengthens as it produces a pulling force
c. Activated muscle that shortens as it produces a pushing force
d. Activated muscle that lengthens as it produces a pushing force
e. A and D

A

Activated muscle that shortens as it produces a pulling force

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2
Q

Which of the following is not an example of a diarthrosis?

a. Glenohumeral joint
b. Facet joints of the spine
c. talocrural
d. IV joints
e. B and D

A

IV joints

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3
Q

Class 3 type of lever

a. Axis is central with the weight arm longer than the force arm
b. Fulcrum is central with force arm longer than the weight arm
c. Weight is central and has a longer moment arm compared to the Force arm
d. Force is central, with the weight arm longer than the effort arm

A

Force is central, with the weight arm longer than the effort arm

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4
Q

Motions of roll, slide and spin that occur between curved articular surfaces of joints

a. Arthrokinematics
b. Osteokinematics
c. Curvilinear motion
d. Angular motion

A

Arthrokinematics

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5
Q

Unique position of most joints of the body where the articular surfaces are most congruent and the ligaments are maximally taut

a. Close pack position
b. Open pack position
c. Open kinematic chain
d. Close kinematic chain

A

Close pack position

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6
Q

A push or pull that produces, arrests or modifies a motion

a. Torque
b. Force
c. Friction
d. Shear

A

Force

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7
Q

The second-class lever is built for what purpose?

a. Balance
b. Power
c. Equilibrium
d. Speed

A

Power

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8
Q

Pivot joint such as the atlantoaxial joint possess a single degree of freedom in which it creates motion in which of the planes?

a. Sagittal plane
b. Frontal plane
c. Transverse plane
d. Vertical plane

A

Transverse plane

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9
Q

The muscle or muscle group that is most directly related to initiation and execution of a particular movement

a. Agonist
b. Antagonist
c. Synergist
d. Protagonist

A

Agonist

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10
Q

The tibialis anterior acts as an agonist during ankle dorsiflexion. In this particular movement the gastrocnemius and soleus become the antagonist

a. Only the first statement is correct
b. Only the second statement is correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect

A

Both statements are correct

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11
Q

Most common lever in the body

a. Class 1
b. Class 2
c. Class 3
d. Class 4

A

Class 3

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12
Q

Location of COG

a. Slightly anterior to S2
b. Slightly posterior to S2
c. Slightly anterior to S1
d. Slightly posterior to S1

A

Slightly anterior to S2

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13
Q

COG does not return to but seeks a new position and the body falls

a. Stable equilibrium
b. displacement
c. Neutral equilibrium
d. unstable equilibrium

A

unstable equilibrium

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14
Q

COG of the forearm

a. Medial head of triceps
b. third MCP
c. Pronator teres
d. ant T11

A

Pronator teres

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15
Q

COG of the foot

a. third MCP
b. second MTT
c. third MTT
d. second MCP

A

second MTT

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16
Q

Also known as sellar joint

a. Saddle
b. ginglymus
c. Pivot
d. condylloid

A

Saddle

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17
Q

Also known as frontal plane

a. Vertical
b. horizontal
c. Coronal
d. diagonal

A

Coronal

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18
Q

Contraction where rate of movement is constant

a. Isokinetic
b. concentric
c. Isometric
d. isovolumic

A

Isokinetic

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19
Q

LOG of the hip

a. Anterior
b. through
c. Posterior
d. Superior

A

Posterior

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20
Q

Axis of coronal plane

a. X axis
b. Z axis
c. Y axis
d. W axis

A

Z axis

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21
Q

What type of contraction when elbow flexors straighten the elbow when pushing the door

a. Eccentric
b. isometric
c. Concentric
d. Isotonic

A

Eccentric

22
Q

Provide a force advantage so large weights can be supported or moved by a smaller force

a. First class
b. Second class
c. Third class
d. fourth class

A

Second class

23
Q

This type of equilibrium occurs when the COG is displaced, but it remains at the same level, that is, it neither falls nor return to its former position

a. Stable
b. Unstable
c. Neutral
d. None of the above

A

Neutral

24
Q

All of the following incorrectly describes cardinal planes except:

a. These planes lie parallel to each other
b. Each plane has an axis through which motion takes place
c. Each of these planes divide the body into equal parts
d. The sagittal plane is so called, since it is parallel to the coronal suture

A

Each plane has an axis through which motion takes place

25
Q

When the type of contraction does not alter the tension being produced by a particular muscle, then it creates a/an ____ of activation

a. concentric
b. eccentric
c. isokinetic
d. isotonic

A

isotonic

26
Q

The center of gravity is located at 55% of the body’s ____

a. weight
b. height
c. mass
d. strength

A

height

27
Q

Which of the following motions does not occur in the sagittal plane?

a. Ip flexion and extension
b. Forward bending
c. Side bending
d. Ankle plantarflexion

A

Side bending

28
Q

A non-rotating tire skidding across a stretch of icy pavement is an example of which arthrokinematics motion?

a. Rolling
b. Sliding
c. Spinning
d. Rocking

A

Sliding

29
Q

The mechanical advantage of a musculoskeletal lever can be defined as the ratio of the internal moment arm to the ……

a. Axis
b. Fulcrum
c. Lever
d. External moment arm

A

External moment arm

30
Q

True about second class levers, except:

a. They are very rare in the musculoskeletal system
b. Classic example is the calf muscle producing torque needed to stand on tiptoes
c. Axis of rotation is located at one end of the bone or lever
d. Elbow flexor muscles uses a second-class lever to produce flexion torque required to support weight in the hand

A

Elbow flexor muscles uses a second-class lever to produce flexion torque required to support weight in the hand

31
Q

The generally agreed on reference position of the body used to describe the location and movement of its parts. In this position, the person is standing fully upright and looking forward, with arms resting by side, forearm fully supinated and fingers extended

a. Anatomical position
b. Fundamental position
c. Close pack position
d. Loose pack position

A

Anatomical position

32
Q

Resistance to movement between 2 contacting surfaces

a. Gravity
b. Muscle
c. Externally applied resistance
d. Friction

A

Friction

33
Q

Direction and orientation of the gravitational pull on a body

a. Center of gravity
b. Line of gravity
c. Center of mass
d. Line of force

A

Line of gravity

34
Q

Motion of the bones relative to the 3 cardinal planes

a. Osteokinematics
b. Arthrokinematics
c. Circumduction
d. Force couple

A

Osteokinematics

35
Q

Features of a synarthrodial joint, except:

a. More stable compared to amphiarthrosis
b. Joint is in maximal congruency thereby creating solid joint
c. Absorbs shock thereby concentrates force
d. B and C

A

Joint is in maximal congruency thereby creating solid joint

36
Q

This is an articulation that allows moderate to extensive motion

a. Synarthrosis
b. Amphiarthrosis
c. Diarthrosis
d. Cartilaginous joints

A

Diarthrosis

37
Q

The radiocarpal joint is an example of a

a. Saddle joint
b. Pivot joint
c. Hinge joint
d. Ellipsoid joint

A

Ellipsoid joint

38
Q

Which among the following joints does not match with its primary angular motion

a. Hinge joint- flexion and extension
b. Condyloid joint-flexion, extension and abduction, adduction
c. Plane joint-spinning of one member around a single axis of rotation
d. Ball and socket-triplanar motions

A

Plane joint-spinning of one member around a single axis of rotation

39
Q

For every force there is an equal and opposite directed force

a. Law of inertia
b. Law of mass and acceleration
c. Law of action and reaction
d. Law of equilibrium

A

Law of action and reaction

40
Q

True about the horizontal plane, except:

a. This plane is perpendicular to the floor
b. It divides the body into upper and lower parts
c. Motions that occur in this plane includes medial and lateral rotation
d. As with other axes relative to their plane of motion, its axis lie perpendicular to the transverse plane

A

This plane is perpendicular to the floor

41
Q

All of the following are functions of a syndesmosis joint, except:

a. Stability
b. Mobility
c. Shock absorption
d. Force transmission

A

Mobility

42
Q

Reaching an object, kicking a ball, bringing the hand to mouth are examples of:

a. Open chain motion
b. Close chain motion
c. Open pack position
d. Close pack position

A

Open chain motion

43
Q

An amphiarthrodial joint is composed mainly of a ___ joint

a. Largely fibrous
b. Cartilaginous
c. Synovial
d. Muscular

A

Cartilaginous

44
Q

The most prevalent force that all structures encounter

a. Gravity
b. Muscles
c. Externally applied resistance
d. Friction

A

Gravity

45
Q

This law states that the linear acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the force causing it, takes place in the same direction in which the force acts, and is inversely proportional to the mass of the body

a. Newton’s first law of motion
b. Newton’s second law of motion
c. Newton’s third law of motion
d. Newton’s fourth law of motion

A

Newton’s second law of motion

46
Q

The humeroulnar joint and the interphalangeal joints are examples hinge joint. They only possess 2 degrees of freedom and termed as uniaxial.

a. Only the first statement is correct
b. Only the second statement is correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect

A

Only the first statement is correct

47
Q

Law of inertia states that

a. A body remain at rest or at a constant velocity except when compelled by an external force to change it state
b. For every force there is an equal and opposite force
c. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
d. A body remain at rest or at a varying velocity except when compelled by an internal force to change it state

A

A body remain at rest or at a constant velocity except when compelled by an external force to change it state

48
Q

When walking or standing, the foot produces a force against the ground and in accordance to this law, the ground generates a ground reaction force in the opposite direction but of equal magnitude

a. First law of motion
b. Second law of motion
c. Third law of motion
d. None of these

A

Third law of motion

49
Q

Which among the following does not have a mechanical advantage of less than one

a. Elbow acting on the biceps
b. Quadriceps at the knee
c. Supraspinatus at the shoulder
d. B and C
e. None of these

A

None of these

50
Q

Which of the following statements describe a joint in the loose pack position

a. The distal segment is fixed, while the proximal segment is moving
b. The distal segment is moving, while the proximal segment is fixed
c. Joint is in maximal congruency
d. Joint can be distracted few millimeters away

A

Joint can be distracted few millimeters away

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