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LE 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The dorsalis pedis is a continuation of which artery?

a. Anterior tibial art.
b. Posterior tibial art.
c. Femoral art.
d. Popliteal art.
e. Peroneal art.

A

a. Anterior tibial art.

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2
Q

A therapist palpates proximally along the lateral border of the fifth metatarsal of the client’s foot. Which bone would be palpable as the therapist continues to palpate proximally along the lateral border of the foot?

a. Navicular
b. First cuneiform
c. Talus
d. Cuboid
e. Third cuneiform

A

Cuboid

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3
Q

The following structures pass between the malleoli, EXCEPT:

a. Extensor digitorum longus tendon
b. Posterior tibial artery and nerve
c. Dorsalis pedis artery
d. Tibialis anterior tendon
e. None of these

A

b. Posterior tibial artery and nerve

RATIO:
A: Anterior
B: Behind medial malleolus
C: Anterior
D: Anterior

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4
Q

Normal weight distribution of the metatarsal heads, starting from the first metatarsal head, follows which proportion?

a. 2:1:1:1:1
b. 1:2:1:1:1
c. 1:1:1:1:2
d. 1:1:2:1:1
e. 1:1:1:2:1

A

a. 2:1:1:1:1

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5
Q

The saphenous nerve is a continuation of:

a. Sciatic nerve
b. Tibial nerve
c. Obturator nerve
d. Femoral nerve
e. CPN

A

d. Femoral nerve

Code: SaFemoral

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6
Q

A patient’s examination reveals weakness of flexion and ankle inversion. The therapist suspects vascular compromise associated with this presentation. Palpation at which of the following locations is most likely to reveal diminished arterial pulse in the patient?

a. Dorsal aspect of the foot
b. Posterior to lateral malleolus
c. Posterior to medial malleolus
d. Popliteal fossa

A

c. Posterior to medial malleolus

A: Dorsalis Pedis
C: Posterior Tibial Artery

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7
Q

Innervation of the interossei muscles of the foot:

a. Medial plantar nerve
b. Lateral plantar nerve
c. Both medial and lateral plantar nerves
d. None of these

A

b. Lateral plantar nerve

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8
Q

Resistance to tibialis anterior is given:
a. On plantar aspect of the foot towards PF and inversion
b. On plantar aspect of the foot towards DF and eversion
c. On dorsal aspect of the foot towards PF and inversion
d. On dorsal aspect of the foot towards PF and eversion

A

d. On dorsal aspect of the foot towards PF and eversion

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9
Q

A patient is limited in passive ankle DF when the knee is extended but is not limited when the knee is flexed. The most logical explanation is:
a. The gastrocnemius and soleus are responsible for the limitation
b. The soleus is responsible for the limitation
c. The gastrocnemius is responsible for the limitation
d. The popliteus is responsible for the limitation

A

c. The gastrocnemius is responsible for the limitation

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10
Q

A therapist palpates along the medial aspect of the foot and ankle. She palpates the head of the first metatarsal bone and mid joint. Immediately proximal to this site identifies the first cuneiform. What large bony prominence would you expect to identify next if she continues in a proximal direction?

a. Calcaneus
b. Talar head
c. Medial malleolus
d. Navicular

A

a. Calcaneus

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11
Q

A therapist assesses the endfeel while completing passive PF ROM. the therapist classifies the endfeel as firm. Which of the following structures does not contribute to the firm endfeel?

I. Tension in Tibialis Anterior
II. Tension in the anterior joint capsule
III. Tension in the ATFL
IV. Tension in the CFL

a. All of these
b. I, II, and III
c. I and III
d. II and IV
e. Only IV

A

e. Only IV

IV: DF and eversion

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12
Q

These muscles of the leg share a common innervation:
a. Tibialis anterior and Tibialis posterior
b. Tibialis posterior and Flexor hallucis longus
c. Tibialis anterior and Peroneus brevis
d. Tibialis anterior and Peroneus longus
e. None of these

A

b. Tibialis posterior and Flexor hallucis longus

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13
Q

A patient is walking on his heels. Possible causes of this deviation include all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. Weak gastrocnemius
b. Weak tibialis anterior
c. Pes calcaneus deformity
d. Tight dorsiflexors
e. None of these

A

b. Weak tibialis anterior

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14
Q

The master “Knot of Henry” adjoins what two tendons of the foot?

a. Flexor digitorum longus and Flexor hallucis longus
b. Lumbricals and Quadratus plantae
c. Dorsal interossei and Plantar interossei
d. Flexor hallucis brevis and Abductor hallucis
e. None of these

A

a. Flexor digitorum longus and Flexor hallucis longus

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15
Q

Which of the following statements does not apply correctly to the pretibial group?

a. The Tibialis Anterior is the primary dorsiflexor of the ankle
b. The Tibialis Anterior is also an inverter of the foot and plays an important role during the stance phase of gait
c. The pretibial group also moves the foot and toes in many important open chain motions
d. Open chain motions of the foot require little muscle force because the muscles have good leverage
e. None of these

A

e. None of these

D: Correct kasi little muscle force ang need kasi lightweight ang paa

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16
Q

The dorsalis pedis is a continuation of which artery?

a. Anterior tibial art.
b. Posterior tibial art.
c. Femoral art.
d. Popliteal art.
e. Peroneal art.

A

a. Anterior tibial art.

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17
Q

A therapist palpates proximally along the lateral border of the fifth metatarsal of the client’s foot. Which bone would be palpable as the therapist continues to palpate proximally along the lateral border of the foot?

a. Navicular
b. First cuneiform
c. Talus
d. Cuboid
e. Third cuneiform

A

d. Cuboid

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18
Q

The following structures pass between the malleoli, EXCEPT:

a. Extensor digitorum longus tendon
b. Posterior tibial artery and nerve
c. Dorsalis pedis artery
d. Tibialis anterior tendon
e. None of these

A

b. Posterior tibial artery and nerve

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19
Q

Normal weight distribution of the metatarsal heads, starting from the first metatarsal head, follows which proportion?

a. 2:1:1:1:1
b. 1:2:1:1:1
c. 1:1:1:1:2
d. 1:1:2:1:1
e. 1:1:1:2:1

A

a. 2:1:1:1:1

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20
Q

The saphenous nerve is a continuation of:

a. Sciatic nerve
b. Tibial nerve
c. Obturator nerve
d. Femoral nerve
e. CPN

A

d. Femoral nerve

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21
Q

A patient’s examination reveals weakness of flexion and ankle inversion. The therapist suspects vascular compromise associated with this presentation. Palpation at which of the following locations is most likely to reveal diminished arterial pulse in the patient?

a. Dorsal aspect of the foot
b. Posterior to lateral malleolus
c. Posterior to medial malleolus
d. Popliteal fossa

A

c. Posterior to medial malleolus

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22
Q

Innervation of the interossei muscles of the foot:

a. Medial plantar nerve
b. Lateral plantar nerve
c. Both medial and lateral plantar nerves
d. None of these

A

b. Lateral plantar nerve

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23
Q

Resistance to tibialis anterior is given:
a. On plantar aspect of the foot towards PF and inversion
b. On plantar aspect of the foot towards DF and eversion
c. On dorsal aspect of the foot towards PF and inversion
d. On dorsal aspect of the foot towards PF and eversion

A

d. On dorsal aspect of the foot towards PF and eversion

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24
Q

A patient is limited in passive ankle DF when the knee is extended but is not limited when the knee is flexed. The most logical explanation is:

a. The gastrocnemius and soleus are responsible for the limitation
b. The soleus is responsible for the limitation
c. The gastrocnemius is responsible for the limitation
d. The popliteus is responsible for the limitation

A

c. The gastrocnemius is responsible for the limitation

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25
Q

A therapist palpates along the medial aspect of the foot and ankle. She palpates the head of the first metatarsal bone and mid joint. Immediately proximal to this site identifies the first cuneiform. What large bony prominence would you expect
to identify next if she continues in a proximal direction?

a. Calcaneus
b. Talar head
c. Medial malleolus
d. Navicular

A

d. Navicular

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26
Q

A therapist assesses the endfeel while completing passive PF ROM. the therapist classifies the endfeel as firm. Which of the following structures does not
contribute to the firm endfeel?

I. Tension in Tibialis Anterior
II. Tension in the anterior joint capsule
III. Tension in the ATFL
IV. Tension in the CFL

a. All of these
b. I, II, and III
c. I and III
d. II and IV
e. Only IV

A

e. Only IV

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27
Q

These muscles of the leg share a common innervation:

a. Tibialis anterior and Tibialis posterior
b. Tibialis posterior and Flexor hallucis longus
c. Tibialis anterior and Peroneus brevis
d. Tibialis anterior and Peroneus longus
e. None of these

A

b. Tibialis posterior and Flexor hallucis longus

28
Q

A patient is walking on his heels. Possible causes of this deviation include all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. Weak gastrocnemius
b. Weak tibialis anterior
c. Pes calcaneus deformity
d. Tight dorsiflexors
e. None of these

A

b. Weak tibialis anterior

29
Q

The master “Knot of Henry” adjoins what two tendons of the foot?

a. Flexor digitorum longus and Flexor hallucis longus
b. Lumbricals and Quadratus plantae
c. Dorsal interossei and Plantar interossei
d. Flexor hallucis brevis and Abductor hallucis
e. None of these

A

a. Flexor digitorum longus and Flexor hallucis longus

30
Q

Which of the following statements does not apply correctly to the pretibial
group?

a. The Tibialis Anterior is the primary dorsiflexor of the ankle
b. The Tibialis Anterior is also an inverter of the foot and plays an important role during the stance phase of gait
c. The pretibial group also moves the foot and toes in many important open chain motions
d. Open chain motions of the foot require little muscle force because the muscles have good leverage
e. None of these

A

e. None of these

31
Q

The Gastrocnemius and Soleus belong to the superficial posterior group of the leg. These two muscles together are also called the triceps surae. The following descriptions are correct, EXCEPT:

a. The Soleus has been found to contain a higher proportion of slow twitch fibers than the Gastrocnemius
b. The Soleus is more concerned with stabilization at the ankle and control of postural sway than is the Gastrocnemius
c. The Gastrocnemius and Soleus are both involved in activities requiring forceful plantarflexion of the ankle
d. When the Gastrocnemius Soleus group is paralyzed, the individual cannot rise on tiptoes and gait is severely arracted
e. None of these

A

e. None of these

32
Q

A therapist attempts to palpate the peroneus tertius tendon. To facilitate palpation of this muscle, the therapist should:

a. Ask patient to invert and plantarflex the foot
b. Ask patient to invert and dorsiflex the foot
c. Ask patient to evert and dorsiflex the foot
d. Passively evert and plantarflex the foot

A

c. Ask patient to evert and dorsiflex the foot

33
Q

Motions in the foot take place on certain joints. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

a. Forefoot abduction and adduction take place primarily at the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints
b. Forefoot abduction and adduction take place primarily at the midtarsal joint
c. Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion take place between the talus and the tibia and fibula within the ankle mortise
d. Subtalar inversion and eversion take place primarily at the talocalcaneal, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints
e. None of these

A

e. None of these

34
Q

A patient has anterior compartment syndrome. All of the following are
manifestations, EXCEPT:

a. Pain on the anterior compartment of the leg
b. Compression of the soft tissues innervated by the deep peroneal nerve
c. Inability to dorsiflex the foot
d. All of these
e. None of these

A

e. None of these

35
Q

The following descriptions are correct about the intrinsic muscles of the foot, EXCEPT:

a. Four layers of intrinsic muscles are on the plantar aspect of the foot
b. The Extensor Digitorum Brevis and Extensor Hallucis Brevis are the only intrinsic muscles on the dorsum of the foot
c. The intrinsic muscles are used mainly for stability or balance and for providing support and assistance to the foot during activity
d. The nerve supply of all the intrinsic muscles of the foot come from the lateral plantar nerve, a terminal branch of the tibial nerve
e. None of these

A

d. The nerve supply of all the intrinsic muscles of the foot come from the lateral plantar nerve, a terminal branch of the tibial nerve

D: Not all. May ibang medial plantar nerve

36
Q

The fibula functions as follows:

I. Gives origin to muscles
II. Acts as lateral “splint” for the ankle joint
III. Acts as pulley for tendons passing behind it at the ankle
IV. Transmits most of the weight from the knee to the ankle

a. I, II and III
b. All of these
c. I and III
d. II and IV
e. None of these

A

a. I, II and III

IV: tibia is 90%, fibula is 10%

37
Q

The normal foot inversion to eversion ratio is:

a. 2:1
b. 1:2
c. 3:1
d. 1:1

A

a. 2:1

38
Q

The peroneus tertius, peroneus brevis and peroneus longus are the primary ankle evertors whether in ankle DF or PR in:

a. Open kinematic chain
b. Close kinematic chain
c. Both of these
d. None of these

A

a. Open kinematic chain

B: Stabilization of ankle lang pag CKC

39
Q

Structures found in the second layer on the plantar aspect of the foot:

I. Lumbricals
II. FHL tendon
III. Quadratus plantae
IV. FDL tendons

a. All of these
b. I, II, and III
c. I and III
d. II and IV
e. Only IV

A

a. All of these

LQ +
FDL & FHL tendons (Knot of Henry)

40
Q

Tibiofibular lateral rotation happens in which of the following foot motions?

a. Supination, non-weight bearing
b. Pronation, non-weight bearing
c. Supination, weight bearing
d. Pronation, weight bearing

A

c. Supination, weight bearing

41
Q

The calcaneus is a bony component of which of the following arches of the
foot?

a. Medial longitudinal arch
b. Lateral longitudinal arch
c. Both Medial and Lateral longitudinal arches
d. Transverse arch
e. All of these

A

c. Both Medial and Lateral longitudinal arches

42
Q

Which of these ligaments stabilize the ankle during eversion to protect against valgus stresses to the talocrural, subtalar, and talonavicular joints?

a. Tibionavicular Ligament
b. Anterior Tibiotalar Ligament
c. Posterior Tibiotalar Ligament
d. Tibiocalcaneal Ligament
e. All of these

A

e. All of these

Eversion: MOI sa Deltoid Ligament

Remember: Lahat ng tibia sa Deltoid

43
Q

Contents of the lateral fascial compartment of the leg:

I. Peroneus Longus
II. Superficial Peroneal Nerve
III. Peroneus Brevis
IV. Peroneus Tertius

a. All of these
b. I and III
c. II and IV
d. I, II, and III
e. Only IV

A

d. I, II, and III

Iv: anterior compartment

44
Q

A therapist performs the talar tilt test on a patient rehabilitating from an inversion ankle sprain. What ligament does the talar tilt test examine?

a. Deltoid
b. ATFL
c. CFL
d. PTFL

A

c. CFL

A: Kleiger Test
B: Anterior Drawer Test

45
Q

Greek foot configuration:

a. 1>2>3>4>5
b. 2>1>3>4>5
c. 2>3>1>4>5
d. 1=2>3>4>5

A

b. 2>1>3>4>5

Greek foot is the other name of Morton’s foot

A: Egyptian
D: Square foot

46
Q

Structures that pass under the extensor retinacula of the foot, EXCEPT:

a. Tibialis anterior tendon
b. Peroneus tertius tendon
c. Extensor hallucis longus tendon
d. Dorsalis pedis artery
e. None of these

A

d. Dorsalis pedis artery

Anterior Tibial Artery dapat

Remember: Kapag pedis, lagpas sa extensor retinacula

47
Q

A therapist observes that a patient’s medial longitudinal arch is extremely depressed. What ligament helps to maintain the medial longitudinal arch?

a. Talonavicular
b. Long plantar
c. Posterior talofibular
d. Plantar calcaneonavicular

A

d. Plantar calcaneonavicular

“Spring Ligament”
If may prob dito, flat foot yung pwede mangyari

48
Q

The least commonly sprained lateral collateral ligament:

a. Deltoid ligament
b. ATFL
c. CFL
d. PTFL

A

d. PTFL

B: Most common
C: 2nd most

49
Q

A therapist attempts to strengthen the lumbricals on a patient with a low metatarsal arch. Which exercise would be most appropriate?

a. Resisted flexion of the MTP joint
b. Resisted extension of the MTP joint
c. Resisted adduction of the MTP joint
d. Resisted abduction of the MTP joint
e. All of these

A

a. Resisted flexion of the MTP joint

50
Q

The subtalar joint of the foot is an articulation between the:

a. Talus and navicular
b. Calcaneus and cuboid
c. Talus and tibia
d. Cuboid and navicular
e. Calcaneus and talus

A

e. Calcaneus and talus

51
Q

The deepest muscle of the leg is an inverter of the foot and plantarflexes the transverse tarsal joint:

a. Tibialis Anterior
b. Popliteus
c. Flexor Digitorum Longus
d. Flexor Hallucis Longus
e. Tibialis Posterior

A

e. Tibialis Posterior

52
Q

Contents of the tarsal tunnel:

I. Posterior Tibial Nerve
II. Tibialis Posterior Tendon
III. Posterior Tibial Artery
IV. Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon

a. All of these
b. I, II, and III
c. None of these
d. I and III
e. II and IV

A

a. All of these

53
Q

Excessive inversion stress is the most common cause of ankle injury because:

a. The talus can be forced to evert farther than it can invert
b. The medial malleolus is longer than the lateral malleolus
c. The ligamentous thickenings on the lateral side of the joint are separate, and therefore not as strong as the deltoid
d. All of these
e. None of these

A

c. The ligamentous thickenings on the lateral side of the joint are separate, and therefore not as strong as the deltoid

54
Q

The chopart joint, a surgical level of amputation, is formed by these articulating surfaces:

I. Talonavicular
II. Talocrural
III. Calcaneocuboid
IV. Tarsometatarsal

a. All of these
b. I, II, and III
c. II and IV
d. I and III
e. None of these

A

d. I and III

55
Q

Location of dorsalis pedis artery:

a. Medial to Tibialis Anterior
b. Lateral to EDL tendon
c. Medial to EHL tendon
d. Medial to EDL tendon
e. Between Tibialis Anterior and EHL tendons

A

d. Medial to EDL tendon

A: Lateral
B: Medial
C: Lateral
E: Between metatarsals

56
Q

The following statements are true about the lateral malleolus, EXCEPT:
a. It extends further distally than the medial malleolus
b. It is more posterior than the medial malleolus
c. Its configuration permits the ankle mortise to point 15 degrees laterally
d. Its distal extension acts as deterrent to inversion ankle sprains
e. None of these

A

d. Its distal extension acts as deterrent to inversion ankle sprains

It prevents eversion, not inversion

57
Q

The Porta Pedis is found in which muscle of the foot?

a. Quadratus plantae
b. Adductor hallucis
c. Abductor hallucis
d. Flexor digiti minimi
e. Flexor hallucis brevis

A

c. Abductor hallucis

AFA kaya Abductor Hallucis

58
Q

Components of subtalar joint pronation when the foot is bearing weight:

a. Talar adduction, talar dorsiflexion and calcaneal inversion
b. Excessive calcaneal eversion, talar abduction and talar dorsiflexion
c. Excessive calcaneal eversion, talar adduction and talar plantarflexion
d. Moderate calcaneal inversion and talar dorsiflexion
e. Excessive calcaneal inversion, talar adduction, and talar plantarflexion

A

c. Excessive calcaneal eversion, talar adduction and talar plantarflexion

CODES:
OKC - P EV AB D
CKC- P EV AD P

59
Q

If the medial border of the foot along the first metatarsal is higher than the lateral border of the foot along the fifth metatarsal, the position is documented as:

a. Forefoot valgus
b. Forefoot varus
c. Rearfoot valgus
d. Rearfoot varus

A

b. Forefoot varus

Invert = varus

60
Q

In this foot deformity, the medial border of the foot is off the ground so the body weight is transferred to the outside of the foot:

a. Pes planus
b. Hallux valgus
c. Pes cavus
d. Flatfoot

A

c. Pes cavus

“High arch foot”
“Hollow Foot”

61
Q

A patient reports numbness and tingling on the lateral side of the right lower leg that extends to the top of the foot. Which of the following structures is most likely
involved:

a. Sural nerve
b. Saphenous nerve
c. Deep peroneal nerve
d. Superficial peroneal nerve
e. Tibial nerve

A

d. Superficial peroneal nerve

C: 1st dorsal webspace
D: Dorsum of the foot
E: Ilalim ng paa

62
Q

Forms the transverse arch of the foot:

I. Metatarsals
II. Cuboid
III. Talus
IV. Calcaneus
V. Cuneiforms

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, IV, V
c. I, II, V
d. I, II,III
e. All of these

A

c. I, II, V

63
Q

Mechanism of injury of ATFL:

a. DF and Inv
b. DF and eversion
c. PF and eversion
d. PF and Inv

A

d. PF and Inv

64
Q

The sustentaculum tali is a feature of the:

a. Lateral aspect of the calcaneus
b. Medial aspect of the calcaneus
c. Lateral aspect of the talus
d. Medial aspect of the talus

A

b. Medial aspect of the calcaneus

Calcaneus supports the head of the talus

65
Q

True about functional differences between the hand and foot joints, EXCEPT:

I. Abduction and adduction in the foot have less ROM than the hand
II. MCP allows 0-30 degrees of hyperextension, while MTP flexion allows 30-45 degrees
III. MCP permit 90 degrees of flexion, while MTP hyperextension is 90 degrees
IV. MCP permit 90 degrees of flexion, while MTP hyperextension is 45 degrees

a. None of these
b. I, II, and III
c. I and III
d. II and IV
e. Only IV

A

e. Only IV

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