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Cardio Anaphy Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The _______ extend through the interventricular septum toward the apex of the heart:

a. Sa node
b. AV node
c. Bundle of his
d. Purkinje fibers

A

c. Bundle of his

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2
Q
  1. Cardiac excitation normally begins in the _____

a. Sa node
b. AV node
c. Bundle of His
d. Purkinje fibers

A

a. Sa node

Sinoatrial node

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3
Q
  1. All of the following are true about the Common Carotid artery, Except:

a. Its branches are the external and internal common carotid artery
b. The external common carotid artery will supply blood in the superficial structure of the skull
c. The internal will turn into the MCA and PCA
d. NOTA

A

c. The internal will turn into the MCA and PCA

ACA and MCA

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4
Q
  1. All of the following describes about the heart EXCEPT:

a. For all its might, the heart is relatively small relatively small same size as a closed fist
b. The heart rests on the diaphragm, near the midline of thoracic cavity
c. About 1/3 of the mass of the heart lies to the left of body’s midline
d. NOTA

A

c. About 1/3 of the mass of the heart lies to the left of body’s midline

2/3rd of the mass of the heart

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5
Q
  1. The base of the heart is its posterior surface. It is formed by the atria (upper chambers) of the heart , mostly the left atrium.

a. First statement is true. Second statement false
b. First statement is false. Second statement true
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false

A

c. Both statements are true

Base: PSR

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6
Q
  1. The heart does not eject all of the blood it contains during systole. Instead, a small volume called the:

a. EDV
b. ESV
c. SV
d. CO

A

b. ESV

End Systolic Volume

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7
Q
  1. As afterload increases, the SV ejected by the ventricles

a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. No change
d. AOTA

A

b. Decreases

Afterload (Pressure na dapat lagpasan ng ventricles to open SL valves)

SV: Amount of blood pumped by the ventricles for contraction

Inc pressure sa labas = SV decreases

Kapag di nalagpasan yung pressure ng pulmonary a. and aorta, yung SL valve di mag o-open.

Pag di mag open, konti lang yung malalabas na dugo

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8
Q
  1. Point of Maximal Impulse

a. This is where the contraction of the RA is more pronounced
b. This is where the contraction of the RV is more pronounced
c. This is where the contraction of the LA is more pronounced
d. This is where the contraction of the LV is more pronounced

A

d. This is where the contraction of the LV is more pronounced

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9
Q
  1. Between the Parietal and Visceral Serous Pericardium is a closed space filled with pericardial fluid which serves as a

a. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to slide past one another
b. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to contract to one another
c. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to stay on one another
d. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to rise on one another

A

a. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to slide past one another

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10
Q
  1. SV will ____ with an increase in preload

a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. Both
d. No change

A

a. Increase

SV: Amt of blood pumped by the ventricles per contraction
Preload: Initial stretching

Increase SV = Increase in preload

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11
Q
  1. SV will ____ with an increase in afterload

a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. Both
d. No change

A

b. Decrease

Pag masyadong mataas yung pressure, konti lang yung malalabas na dugo

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12
Q
  1. The thick middle layer of the heart

a. Epicardium
b. Endocardium
c. Myocardium
d. AOTA

A

c. Myocardium

Code: MYddle

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13
Q
  1. Visceral Pericardium

a. Epicardium
b. Endocardium
c. Myocardium
d. AOTA

A

a. Epicardium

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14
Q
  1. Heart rate less than 60bpm

a. Tachycardia
b. Bradycardia
c. Ventricular Fibrillation
d. PVC

A

b. Bradycardia

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15
Q
  1. As the ventricles continue to relax, the pressure falls quickly. When ventricular pressure drops below atrial pressure, the AV valves open, and ____ begins.
    a. Ventricular filling
    b. Isovolumetric contraction
    c. Ejection phase
    d. AOTA
A

a. Ventricular filling

Transfer blood from atria to ventricles

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16
Q
  1. The large diameter ___ rapidly conduct the action potential beginning at the apex of the heart upward to the remainder of the ventricular myocardium

a. Sa node
b. AV node
c. Bundle of his
d. Purkinje Fibers

A

d. Purkinje Fibers

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17
Q
  1. During phase 0 of the cardiac action potential, there is rapid influx of this ion:

a. Sodium
b. oxygen
c. hydrogen
d. potassium
e. calcium

A

a. Sodium

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18
Q
  1. This opening existed in the fetal heart

a. Fossa ovalis
b. Foraman Ovale
c. Foramen Ovale
d. B and C

A

c. Foramen Ovale

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19
Q
  1. The Descending aorta will turn into

a. Thoracic aorta
b. Common carotid artery
c. Subclavian artery
d. NOTA

A

a. Thoracic aorta

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20
Q
  1. The aortic semilunar valve opens at approximately ______ ventricular pressure
    a. 90mmHg
    b. 80mmHg
    c. 70mmHg
    d. 100mmHg
A

b. 80mmHg

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21
Q
  1. The pulmonary semilunar valve opens at approximately _______ ventricular pressure

a. 9mmHg
b. 8mmHg
c. 7mmHg
d. 10mmHg

A

b. 8mmHg

22
Q
  1. A low-pitched sound, often described as “lubb.”

a. First heart sound
b. Second heart sound
c. Third heart sound
d. Fourth heart sound

A

a. First heart sound

23
Q
  1. Higher-pitched sound often described as “dubb”

a. First heart sound
b. Second heart sound
c. Third heart sound
d. Fourth heart sound

A

b. Second heart sound

24
Q
  1. The primary function of the atrioventricular valves is to prevent backflow of blood into the atria during ventricular ____

a. Relaxation
b. Contraction
c. Both
d. Nota

A

b. Contraction

Dapat nakasara para hindi mag backflow sa atria

25
Q
  1. During Diastole, the ventricles fill with blood from atria via open ___.

a. Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valve
b. Mitral and Aortic Valve
c. Tricuspid and Mitral Valve
d. Pulmonic and Aortic Valve

A

c. Tricuspid and Mitral Valve

26
Q
  1. The first two-thirds of ventricular filling is passive; during the last one-third the atria contract and push the blood into the ventricles. This contraction is known as the:

a. Atrial Push
b. Atrial Kick
c. Atrial Pull
d. Atrial Roll

A

b. Atrial Kick

A, c, and d does not exist

27
Q
  1. The “dub” in Korotkoff’s heart sound is:

a. The mitral and tricuspid valves closing at diastole
b. Associated with atrial contraction
c. The aortic and pulmonic valves closing
d. Indicative of right ventricular heart failure
e. Associated with ventricular filling

A

c. The aortic and pulmonic valves closing

28
Q
  1. If the stroke volume is 70 ml and the heart rate is 85 beats per minute, the cardiac output is approximately ____liters per minute.

a. 12
b. 6
c. 3
d. 24

A

b. 6

Cardiac output formula: SV x HR

29
Q
  1. Which of these large vessels arise from the arch of the aorta?

i. Right carotid vein
ii. Brachiocephalic trunk
iii. Left common carotid artery
iv. Left subclavian artery
v. Right subclavian artery

a. III and IV only
b. II, III and IV
c. II, III and V
d. I, II and III

A

b. II, III and IV

30
Q
  1. Between the Parietal and Visceral Serous Pericardium is a closed space filled with pericardial fluid which serves as a:

a. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to slide past one another
b. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to contract to one another
c. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to stay on one another
d. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to rise on one another

A

a. Lubricant allowing the two surfaces to slide past one another

31
Q
  1. The pulmonary artery leaves the heart via the ___.

a. Right auricle
b. Left ventricle
c. Right ventricle
d. Left auricle

A

c. Right ventricle

32
Q
  1. The maximal heart rate (in beats per minute) during exercise allowable for a 70 year old male is ____ .

a. 150
b. 190
c. 120
d. 70

A

a. 150

Max HR Formula: 220- age

33
Q
  1. The extent to which the ventricular walls are stretched:

a. Preload
b. No load
c. Afterload
d. AOTA

A

a. Preload

34
Q
  1. The plateau exists because voltage gated Ca2+ channels remain:

a. Close
b. Open
c. Both
d. NOTA

A

b. Open

Umoopen yung gate para makapasok si Ca

35
Q
  1. Initiate action potentials, which spread across the atria and cause then to contract:

a. SA node
b. AV node
c. Bundle of his
d. Purkinje fibers

A

a. SA node

36
Q
  1. The Bundle of His give rise to ____, which supply the ventricles:

a. SA node
b. AV node
c. Bundle of his
d. Purkinje fibers

A

d. Purkinje fibers

“Supply the ventricles”

37
Q
  1. Increased venous return results in

a. Increased SV
b. Increased CO
c. Increased EDV
d. AOTA

A

d. AOTA

Dadami ang dugo pag increase lahat

38
Q
  1. Describes the initiation of ventricular repolarization.
    a. QRS Complexes
    b. ST seg
    c. P wave
    d. T wave
A

d. T wave

39
Q
  1. Newly oxygenated blood within the Pulmonary veins travels to the LA and passes through the ____ valve into the LV
    a. Tricuspid valve
    b. Pulmonic Valve
    c. Aortic Valve
    d. Mitral Valve
A

d. Mitral Valve

40
Q
  1. Blood within the LV travels down to the apex, where it is squeezed in a wringing motion during systole and moved from the apex to the LV outflow tract and finally out through the valve to the aorta.

a. Tricuspid valve
b. Pulmonic Valve
c. Aortic Valve
d. Mitral Valve

A

c. Aortic Valve

41
Q
  1. The volume of blood ejected with each myocardial contraction

a. Stroke Volume
b. Cardiac Output
c. Cardiac Input
d. Stroke Capacity

A

a. Stroke Volume

“EACH Contraction”

42
Q
  1. During ____ , the ventricles must be able to stretch to accommodate the blood entering the ventricles

a. Systole
b. Diastole
c. AOTA
d. NOTA

A

b. Diastole

Relaxation = we transfer blood from atria to ventricles

Increase blood in ventricles = mag stretch ang ventricles

43
Q
  1. During ____ , the ventricles must be able to contract adequately to eject the SV

a. Systole
b. Diastole
c. AOTA
d. NOTA

A

a. Systole

Ventricular contraction

44
Q
  1. Depicts sinus node and atrial depolarization.

a. QRS Complexes
b. ST seg
c. P wave
d. T wave

A

c. P wave

45
Q
  1. It is caused by blood flowing in a turbulent fashion into the ventricles, and it can be detected during passive ventricular filling.

a. First heart sound
b. Second heart sound
c. Third heart sound
d. Fourth heart sound

A

c. Third heart sound

46
Q
  1. The anterior wall of the atrium is rough due to the presence of _____.

a. Pectoralis muscle
b. Pectinate muscle
c. Papillary muscle
d. Papinllary muscle

A

b. Pectinate muscle

47
Q
  1. Cardiac output is also influenced by:

a. BP
b. MAP
c. HR
d. NOTA

A

c. HR

Cardiac output formula: Stroke volume x HR

48
Q
  1. Forms the apex of the heart:

a. LA
b. LV
c. RA
d. RV

A

b. LV

49
Q
  1. During each cardiac cycle, there are four heart sounds, but in a normal heart only the first and second heart sound are loud enough to be heard through a ____:

a. Phonocardiogram
b. Stethoscope
c. Central line
d. Swan Ganz catheter

A

b. Stethoscope

A if S3 and S4

50
Q
  1. Blood moves forward from the RA through the ___ valve to the RV:

a. Tricuspid valve
b. Pulmonic Valve
c. Aortic Valve
d. Mitral Valve

A

a. Tricuspid valve

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