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Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q
  1. All of the following describes the Extrinsic muscle, except?
    a. Originate outside the tongue and insert into connective tissues in the tongue
    b. Move the tongue side to side and in and out
    c. Alter the shape of the tongue
    d. AOTA
A

c. Alter the shape of the tongue

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2
Q
  1. Digestion of proteins begins in the
    a. Esophagus
    b. Stomach
    c. Small Intestine
    d. Large Intestine
A

b. Stomach

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3
Q
  1. Intrinsic factor

a. Needed for absorption of vit b12, which is used in white blood cell formation
b. Needed for absorption of vit b1, which is used in red blood cell formation
c. Needed for absorption of vit b12, which is used in red blood cell formation
d. Needed for absorption of vit b1, which is used in white blood cell formation

A

c. Needed for absorption of vit b12, which is used in red blood cell formation

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the pyloric sphincter?

a. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the large intestine from the small intestine
b. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the stomach
c. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the stomach from the esophagus
d. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the esophagus

A

b. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the stomach

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5
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the ileocecal sphincter?
    a. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the large intestine from the small intestine
    b. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the stomach
    c. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the stomach from the esophagus
    d. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine from the esophagus
A

a. sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the large intestine from the small intestine

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6
Q
  1. Which of the following meal will be emptied first?

a. 300 cal semi solid high protein
b. 300 cal liquid high carbohydrates
c. 300 cal liquid high protein
d. 300 cal solid high protein

A

b. 300 cal liquid high carbohydrates

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7
Q
  1. Gastric pits are the openings to the gastric glands, which contains

a. Mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells
b. Mucous neck cells, beta cells, parietal cells
c. Mucous neck cells, nerve cells, chief cells
d. NOTA

A

a. Mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells

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8
Q
  1. If bile contains either insufficient bile salts or lecithin or excessive cholesterol, the cholesterol may crystallize to form

a. Hepatitis
b. Pancreatitis
c. Galllstones
d. IBD

A

c. Galllstones

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9
Q
  1. an activating brush border enzyme that splits off part of the trypsinogen molecule to form trypsin.

a. eterokinase
b. kinterokinase
c. enterokinase
d. NOTA

A

c. enterokinase

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10
Q
  1. Voluntary stage

a. Stage in which the chyme is passed into the oropharynx
b. Stage in which the bolus is passed into the nasopharynx
c. Stage in which the bolus is passed into the oropharynx
d. Stage in which the chyme is passed into the nasopharynx

A

c. Stage in which the bolus is passed into the oropharynx

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11
Q
  1. Esophageal stage

a. Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the stomach
b. Passage of the chyme through the esophagus into the stomach
c. Passage of the chyme through the esophagus into the small intestine
d. Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the small intestine

A

a. Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the stomach

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12
Q
  1. This vitamin is best absorbed in the ileum

a. B12
b. K
c. C
d. E

A

a. B12

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13
Q
  1. constipation that is so severe that bowel movements occur only once every week or so. This allows tremendous quantities of fecal matter to accumulate in the colon sometimes to distend to a diameter of 3 to 4 inches. This condition is called.

a. Hirschsprung’s disease
b. enteritis
c. psychogenic diarrhea
d. NOTA

A

a. Hirschsprung’s disease

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14
Q
  1. Which of the following describes the Intrinsic muscle of the tongue?

a. Originate outside the tongue and insert into connective tissues in the tongue
b. Move the tongue side to side and in and out
c. Alter the shape of the tongue
d. AOTA

A

c. Alter the shape of the tongue

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15
Q
  1. Chief cells of the stomach

a. Secrete pepsinogen
b. Secrete trypsinogen
c. Secrete chymotrypsinogen
d. AOTA

A

a. Secrete pepsinogen

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16
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the gallbladder?
    a. Largest internal organ of the body
    b. Saclike structure for bile storage
    c. Complex organ composed of both
    endocrine and exocrine tissues
    d. Major events of absorption
A

b. Saclike structure for bile storage

Code: Gall BILEladder

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17
Q
  1. All of the following describes the large intestine, Except:

a. It consists of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal
b. The colon stores the feces until they are eliminated by defecation.
c. The large intestine is where the greatest amount of digestion and absorption occurs.
d. NOTA

A

c. The large intestine is where the greatest amount

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18
Q
  1. Regulates the opening of the Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

a. Sphincter of Oddi
b. Sphincter of Oddin
c. Sphincter of Odden
d. NOTA

A

a. Sphincter of Oddi

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19
Q
  1. A minor amount of carbohydrate digestion begins in the oral cavity with the partial digestion of starches by

a. Patayalin
b. Gastrin
c. Ptyalin
d. Tayalin

A

c. Ptyalin

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20
Q
  1. Stimulates gastric acid secretion
    a. Cholecystokinin
    b. Secretin
    c. Gastrin
    d. Calcitonin
A

c. Gastrin

Gastric acid –> Gastrin

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21
Q
  1. Deglutition or swallowing center

a. Medulla and lower pons
b. Medulla and upper pons
c. Lower pons and midbrain
d. Upper pons and midbrain

A

a. Medulla and lower pons

22
Q
  1. Pharyngeal Stage

a. Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the stomach
b. Passage of the chyme through the pharynx into the esophagus
c. Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus
d. Passage of the chyme through the pharynx into stomach

A

c. Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus

23
Q
  1. Normally, the movement of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract is slowest along this segment

a. mouth
b. large intestine
c. esophagus
d. small intestine
e. stomach

A

b. large intestine

24
Q
  1. the ileum and distal jejunum of a 34yo man are ruptured in an automobile accident. The entire ileum and a portion of the jejunum are
    resected. What is most likely to occur in this man?

a. Constipation
b. VitB12 deficiency
c. GERD
d. Gastric Ulcer

A

b. VitB12 deficiency

25
Q
  1. Which of the following describe GERD?

a. If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus.
b. If the upper esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux
(back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus.
c. If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the small intestine, the small intestine contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus.
d. If the upper esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the small intestine, the small intestine contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus.

A

a. If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus.

26
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the esophagus?

a. It produces digestive enzymes
b. Events of absorption
c. Passageway that conducts food to stomach
d. It has two sphincter: ileocecal and pyloric sphincter

A

c. Passageway that conducts food to stomach

27
Q
  1. all of the following are ways on how the sphincter of oddi can relax except

a. production of cholecystokinin
b. peristaltic wave down the common bile duct
c. intestinal peristaltic wave
d. production of somatostatin

A

d. production of somatostatin

28
Q
  1. The bolus stimulates receptors in the oropharynx, which sends impulses to the deglutition center. The returning impulses cause the:

a. soft palate and larynx move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Uvula is
pulled forward and upward sealing off
the respiratory tract.
b. soft palate and uvula move downward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is
pulled backward and downward sealing off the respiratory tract.
c. soft palate and larynx move downward to close off the nasopharynx. Uvula is
pulled backward and downward sealing off the respiratory tract.
d. soft palate and the uvula move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is pulled forward and upward sealing off the respiratory tract.

A

d. soft palate and the uvula move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is pulled forward and upward sealing off the respiratory tract.

29
Q
  1. maltose is a disaccharide. It’s a combination of:

a. 1glucose+ 1glucose
b. 2 glucose+ 1 glucose
c. 1 glucose + 1 galactose
d. 1 glucose + fructose

A

a. 1glucose+ 1glucose

30
Q
  1. Referred pain for: colon

a. right groin area
b. low back area
c. sacrum
d. shoulder blades

A

c. sacrum

31
Q
  1. Referred pain for: spleen

a. Left shoulder
b. Right shoulder
c. Lateral border of the right scapula
d. Sacrum

A

a. Left shoulder

32
Q
  1. The ___________, which carry bile from the liver lobes, combine to form the _________

a. Cystic Duct; Common Hepatic Duct
b. Common bile duct; Cystic Duct
c. Hepatic Ducts; Common Hepatic Duct
d. Pancreatic Duct; Cystic duct

A

c. Hepatic Ducts; Common Hepatic Duct

33
Q
  1. The common hepatic duct combines with the ______ from the gallbladder to form the ________

a. Cystic Duct; Common Bile Duct
b. Cystic Duct; Hepatic Ducts
c. Pancreatic Duct; Common Bile Duct
d. Pancreatic Duct; Hepatic Ducts

A

a. Cystic Duct; Common Bile Duct

34
Q
  1. The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct combine to form the ____________

a. Duct of Santorini
b. Accessory Duct
c. Hepatopancreatic Ampulla
d. NOTA

A

c. Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

35
Q
  1. The Enteric Nervous System is composed mainly of two plexuses

a. Myenteric or Meissner’s plexus and Submucosal or Auerbach plexus
b. Myenteric or Auerbach plexus and Submucosal or Meissner’s plexus
c. Myenteric or Anterbach plexus and Submucosal or Meissner’s plexus
d. Myenteric or Auerbach plexus and
Submeissners or Meissner’s plexus

A

b. Myenteric or Auerbach plexus and Submucosal or Meissner’s plexus

36
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the motor function of the stomach?

a. storage of large quantities of food until the food can be processed
b. mixing of this food with gastric secretions until it forms a semifluid mixture called chyme
c. slow emptying of the chyme from the stomach into the small intestine at a rate suitable for proper digestion and absorption by the small intestine.
d. AOTA

A

d. AOTA

37
Q
  1. Defecation Reflex

a. Reflex that empties the ileum
b. Reflex that empties stomach
c. Reflex that empties the rectum
d. Reflex that empties the cecum

A

c. Reflex that empties the rectum

38
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the composition of saliva?

a. 99.5% solutes and .5% water
b. Contains immunoglobulin G
c. Contains immunoglobulin M
d. 99.5% water and .5% solutes

A

d. 99.5% water and .5% solutes

39
Q
  1. The roof of the oral cavity is divided into the hard and soft palates. The hard palate forms the posterior portion and the soft palate forms the anterior portion of the roof of the mouth.

a. First statement is true. Second statement is false.
b. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false

A

a. First statement is true. Second statement is false.

40
Q
  1. Twenty deciduous teeth are replaced by

a. 31 permanent teeth
b. 32 permanent teeth
c. 33 permanent teeth
d. 35 permanent teeth

A

b. 32 permanent teeth

41
Q
  1. Sympathetic stimulation of salivary gland dominates during

a. Sleeping
b. Stress
c. Reading
d. AOTA

A

b. Stress

Sympa: Stress
Para: Pahinga

42
Q
  1. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) from the stomach contents can irritate the esophageal wall, resulting in a burning sensation that is called

a. Heartburn
b. Thyroid Storm
c. Heartstop
d. NOTA

A

a. Heartburn

burning sensation –> heartburn

43
Q
  1. secreted by the stomach catalyzes the cleavage of covalent bonds in proteins to produce smaller polypeptide chains

a. Gastrin
b. Pepsin
c. Trypsin
d. Secretin

A

b. Pepsin

polypeptide chains –> Pepsin

44
Q
  1. Pain associated with large intestine and colon may occur in the

a. Chest area
b. Epigastric area
c. Umbilical area
d. Suprapubic area

A

d. Suprapubic area

45
Q
  1. Pain associated with stomach

a. Chest area
b. Epigastric area
c. Umbilical area
d. Suprapubic area

A

b. Epigastric area

46
Q
  1. normal amount of bile

a. 1000-1500ml
b. 200-500ml
c. 800-1000L
d. NOTA

A

d. NOTA

47
Q
  1. stimulates gallbladder contractions to release bile into the duodenum.

a. Cholecystokinin
b. Secretin
c. Gastrin
d. Ptyalin

A

a. Cholecystokinin

48
Q
  1. Ingested carbohydrates consist primarily of

a. polysaccharides, such as starches; disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).
b. polysaccharides, such as sucrose; disaccharides, such as starch(table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).
c. polysaccharides, such as starches; disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and
monosaccharides, such as maltose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits). d.polysaccharides, such as maltose;
disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and
monosaccharides, such as glucose and
fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).

A

a. polysaccharides, such as starches; disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).

49
Q
  1. Pain associated with small intestine

a. Chest area
b. Epigastric area
c. Umbilical area
d. Suprapubic area

A

c. Umbilical area

50
Q
  1. Which of the following describe the LES?

a. Contraction of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into stomach.
b. Contraction of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into small intestine.
c. Relaxation of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into stomach.
d. Relaxation of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into small intestine.

A

c. Relaxation of this sphincter permits entry of bolus into stomach.

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