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Physio > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Check all the following that will lead to an increase in membrane excitability.

____ Hypocalcemia

____ Increasing membrane permeability to K+

_____Alkalosis

____ [K+]ECF = 8 mM

A

Hypocalcemia
Alkalosis

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2
Q

The relative refractory period corresponds to the period of time when the voltage gated Na+ channels are resetting to their
resting state. The action potential conduction velocity is inversely related to fiber diameter.

(statement false/ true)

A

First statement is true and second statement is false

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3
Q

(T/F) The neurotransmitter released by Neuron Y could be opening Ca2+ channels in Neuron Z

A

true

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4
Q

(T/F) When Neuron X and Y are active at the same time, the amount of neurotransmitter released by Neuron Y is less than when only Neuron Y is active.

A

true

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5
Q

(T/F) Neuron X is part of an axoaxonic synapse.

A

true

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6
Q

(T/F)The neurotransmitter released by Neuron X could open Cl- channels in Neuron Y

A

true

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7
Q

If neuron Y has a high action potential frequency (increased number of action potentials produced in rapid succession), this can lead to ______ in Neuron Z.

A

Temporal Summation

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8
Q

Which region of the brain is NOT involved in regulation of skeletal muscle activity?

A

Periaqueductal Gray Region

pain pathway

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9
Q

Which region of the brain is are involved in regulation of skeletal muscle activity?

A

Basal Nuclei
Red Nucleus
Superior Colliculi
Substantia Nigra

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10
Q

Which of the following is part of the midbrain that is a collection of dopamine neurons which synapse with neurons in the Basal Nuclei?

A

Substantia Nigra

slide 14 and 20

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11
Q

Which of the following is the name for a group of neuron cell bodies in the Medulla Oblongata that produces serotonin? This group of neurons inhibits ascending pain signals.

A. Periaqueductal Gray Region
B. Nucleus Raphe Magnus
C. Rostral Ventromedial Medulla
D. Reticular Formation

A

B. Nucleus Raphe Magnus

not c not serotonin producing neuron

As noted on NS III PowerPoint on slide 19, Raphe nuclei is the name for nuclei in the brainstem that produce/release serotonin.

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12
Q

If a patient has spastic paralysis of their tongue and facial muscles this suggests damage to the Anterior Corticospinal Tract.
A patient with damage to their Vestibulocerebellum would demonstrate vertigo and nystagmus.

(statement false/ true)

A

The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

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13
Q

If a person suffered a stroke that resulted in their inability know that they are touching an apple versus an orange based on touch alone (no visual information), what cerebral lobe would be suspected as the location of their stroke?

A

Parietal Lobe

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14
Q

Which of the spinal cord motor tract control ipsilateral muscles only?

Anterior Corticospinal Tract
Tectospinal Tract
Pontine Reticulospinal Tract
Corticobulbar Tract

A

Pontine Reticulospinal Tract

Two other tracts that could be correct answers to this question would be the Medullary Reticulospinal Tract and Vestibulospinal Tract.

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15
Q

Which number corresponds to the period of time during which the activation gates and inactivation gates of the voltage gated Na+ channels are both open?

A

1

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16
Q

Which number corresponds to the period of time when the voltage gated K+ channels are open?

A

4

17
Q

Check all the following that would result in membrane hyperpolarizations (Assume Resting Vm = -70 mV)

_____ Increasing membrane permeability to Na+

_____ Increasing the permeability to Cl-

_____ Decreasing the [K+]ECF

A

Increasing the permeability to Cl-
Decreasing the [K+]ECF

18
Q

(T/F)The pre-ganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division are cholinergic neurons.

A

true

almost all pregang are Cholinergic

19
Q

(T/F) All Muscarinic and Adrenergic Receptors are G-protein coupled receptors.

A

true

20
Q

(T/F) Sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons release Norepinephrine (NE).

A

true

21
Q

(T/F) The adrenal medulla release Epinephrine (EPI) and NE into the blood.

A

true

22
Q

(T/F)Beta 2 receptors have a higher affinity for NE (compared to EPI)

A

false

23
Q

Which type of nerve fibers are the primary ones that transmit information for the Dorsal Column Pathway?

A

Beta Fibers

24
Q

Achase breaks down an enzyme found in cholergic synpases. Achase breaks down Ach. What would you expect to happen if a drug inhibits the activity of Achase?

A

increased activation of the post-synptic Cell by Ach

25
Q

what region of the brian is not involved in regulation of skeletal muscles

A

rostral ventromedial medulla

sensory

and PAG

26
Q

what region of the brian are involved in regulation of skeletal muscles

A
  • basal nuclie
  • substania nigra
  • red nucleus
  • inferior colliculi
27
Q

what is apart of the midbrian?

A
  • substania nigra
  • red nucleus
  • superior colliculi
  • periqueductal gray region
28
Q

what is not apart of the midbrain?

A

nucleus raphe magnus

in medulla

29
Q

Check the correct connections between functional region of the brian and the lobe of the cerebrum in which it is located

____ Primary Somatosensory -Pariteal Lobe
____ Wernickes Area- Frontal Lobe
____ Auditory Assocation Cortex- Occipital
____Primary Visual Area- Temporal Lobe
____ Primary Olfactory Cortex - Temporal Lobe

A

____ Primary Somatosensory -Pariteal Lobe
____ Primary Olfactory Cortex - Temporal Lobe

____ Wernickes Area- Temporal
____ Primary Assocation Cortex- Occipital
____Primary Visual Area- occipital

30
Q

Parkinsons is due to a dysfunciton of the circut between the red nuclues of the midbrian and the basal nuclei. Parkinsons is a hypokinetic disorder that result from damage to the direct pathway of the basal nuclei

t/f statements

A

first is false, second is true

31
Q

Where does the corticalspinal pathway cross over to the other side?

A

medulla

32
Q

what would you expect to happen to if Ach was applied to the heart?

A

heart rate would increase

33
Q

(true of false) all nicotinic and muscarinic recpetors are metabotropic

A

FALSE

Nicotinic are Cholinergic

34
Q

Use the choices below to answer the following questions. Some choices may be used more than once or not at all.

A. Graded Potentials
B. Action Potentials
C. Both
D. None

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_strength proportionate to stimulus
A

Graded Potentials

35
Q

Two cells of similar size and composition are put into identical bathing solutions. After a few minutes, it was noted that both cells swell, but Cell A swells more than Cell B. In this situation, at the beginning of the experiment, what was the tonicity of the cytosol of Cell A with respect to the cytosol of Cell B?

A

Hypertonic

36
Q

Use the choices below to answer the following questions. Some choices may be used more than once or not at all.

A. Graded Potentials
B. Action Potentials
C. Both
D. None

\_\_\_\_\_\_ travels over short distances
A

Graded Potentials

Physio (34 decks)

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