Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physio > Arterial pressure cardiovascular disease > Flashcards

Arterial pressure cardiovascular disease Flashcards

1
Q

Flow in > Flow out, hydrostatic pressure __

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Flow in < Flow out, hydrostatic pressure __

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

baroreceptor reflex is a __ term response

A

short

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

baroreceptor is a __ mediated homeostatic process

A

NS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

baroreceptor alters __ to restore MAP to homeostatic levels

A

CO and TPR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

baroreceptor can override __ control mechanisms

A

local

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

baroreceptor reflex stimulated by a change in __

A

MAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

baroreceptor reflex receptors include __

A

aortic arch and carotid arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

baroreceptor reflex afferent pathway

A

visceral sensory neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

baroreceptor reflex integrating center

A

medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

baroreceptor reflex efferent pathway

A

autonomic motor neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

baroreceptor reflex effectors

A

-cardiac muscle
-arteriolar smooth muscle
-venous smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

baroreceptor reflex effector response

A

VR-> EDV-> CO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

baroreceptor reflex feedback regulation is __

A

negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

increase in arterial baroreceptors firing leads to increased __ and decreased __

A

parasympathetic, sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

other baroreceptors

A

-large systemic veins
-pulmonary vessels
-walls of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

baroreceptor allows time for other mechanisms to occur to eliminate __

A

disturbance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

baroreceptor __ overtime

A

adapt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

changes in MAP triggered by receptors that activate __ directly

A

medually CV or autonomic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

stimuli that increases MAP

A

-decrease O2
-increase CO2
-decreased brain blood flow
-pain in skin
-stress
-anger
-eating
-sexual activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

stimuli that decreases MAP

A

-pain in viscera or joints
-sleep
-happy mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

causes of hypotension

A

-hemorrhage
-shock
-orthostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

baroreceptors respond rapidly to hemorrhage and function to

A

-return MAP to normal
-increase CO and TRP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

autotransfusion respond rapidly to hemorrhage and function to

A

-interstitial fluid to capillaries
-arteriole constriction
-change in PC
-fluid into capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

endocrine responds long term to hemorrhage and __ function to restore volume and osmolarity

A

-AngII
-Aldosterone
-ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

endocrine responds long term to hemorrhage and __ function to restore hematocrit

A

Erythropoietin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

behavior responds long term to hemorrhage by __ of H20

A

thirst and consumption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

most common type of shock

A

hypovolemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hypovolemic shock results from a large loss of __

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hypovolemic causes

A

-hemorrhage
-vomiting
-diarrhea
-extensive burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vascular shock, blood volume normal but circulation poor due to extreme __ of the vascular bed

A

vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vascular shock causes a huge drop in __ leading to a drop in __

A

TPR, MAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vascular shock causes

A

-anaphylaxis
-neurogenic shock
-septic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cardiogenic shock is __ failure causing the heart to not sustain adequate circulation

A

pump

9
Q

cardiogenic shock causes

A

myocardial damage from severe or multiple MIs

9
Q

orthostatic hypotension is a drop in MAP upon __

A

standing

10
Q

orthostatic hypotension the effects of gravity cause a decrease in this whole chain

A

VR->EDV->SV->CO->MAP

11
Q

hypertension is chronically elevated __

A

MAP

11
Q

hypertension is a __

A

silent killer

12
Q

prolonged hypertension is the major cause of __

A

-heart failure
-renal failure
-stroke
-vascular disease

13
Q

primary (essential) hypertension characteristics

A

-90% patients
-idiopathic

14
Q

secondary hypertension characteristics

A

-10% patients
-secondary to disease state
-treat disease, MAP returns to normal

15
Q

factors that effect primary hypertension

A

-diet
-obesity
-age
-gender
-diabetes mellitus
-genetics
-stress
-smoking

16
Q

can not cure hypertension but can manage it with __

A

diet, exercise, life- style changes and medication

16
Q

diseases associated with secondary hypertension

A

-tumor of adrenal medulla (excess E)
-cushing’s disease (glucocorticoid excess)
-atherosclerosis of renal arteries (RAS)
-renal hypertension (RAS)
-arteriosclerosis
-hyperthyroidism

16
Q

alpha1 is a __ receptor

A

peripheral

16
Q

alpha2 is a __ receptor

A

central

17
Q

alpha1 is a peripheral receptor that stimulates __ to contract

A

VSM

17
Q

alpha2 is a central receptor that inhibits __ secretion

A

NE and E

17
Q

small vessels __ inresponse to increased MAP

A

contrict

18
Q

small vessels have __ growth around narrowed lumen

A

VSM

19
Q

small vessels have no change in __ of vessel

A

total cross sectional area

20
Q

large vessels __ in response to increased MAP

A

do not contrict

21
Q

large vessels size of __ cells increase

A

VSM

22
Q

large vessels have an increase in EC matrix __ to support wall

A

proteins

23
Q

large vessels have increased __ of vessel

A

total cross sectional area

23
Q

hypertrophic remodeling makes large vessels __

A

stiffer

23
Q

laminar flow has a __ profile of flow

A

parabolic

23
Q

with laminar flow the veolicty of flow is always greater in the __ of the vessel

A

center

24
Q

2 types of flow in vessels

A

-laminar
-turbulent

24
Q

with laminar flow vessels are __

A

-straight
-healthy endothelium
-smaller vessels

25
Q

laminar flow is shear which is when adjacent layers of blood move at different __

A

velocities (break up RBC aggregates)

26
Q

if Re greater than __, flow is most likely turbulent

A

2,000

26
Q

if Re greater than __, always turbulent

A

3,000

27
Q

reynold’s number is the calculation of the tendency of __

A

turbulent flow

28
Q

turbulent blood flow occurs in large vessels such as __

A

aorta and pulmonary artery

29
Q

__ rarely has turbulent flow

A

smaller vessels

30
Q

turbulent increases friction and energy required to __

A

drive flow

31
Q

turbulent increases the risk of __ injury and __ development

A

endothelial, plaque

32
Q

2 types of CHF

A

diastolic and systolic dysfunction

32
Q

turbulent increases the possibility of __ events

A

thromotic

33
Q

CHF diastolic dysfunction creates problems with __

A

ventricular filling

33
Q

CHF diastolic dysfunction ventricles have reduced __

A

compliance

33
Q

CHF diastolic dysfunction has reduced __

A

EDV

34
Q

CHF diastolic dysfunction most common cause

A

hypertension

35
Q

CHF systolic dysfunction ventricle has reduced __

A

contractility

35
Q

heart failure is when the heart fails to pump adequate __

A

CO

36
Q

CHF systolic dysfunction has decreased __ at any given EDV

A

SV

37
Q

CHF systolic dysfunction most common cause

A

myocardial damage as a result of myocardial infarct

38
Q

treatment options for hypertension

A

-diuretics
-beta- adrenergic receptor blockers
-calcium channel blockers
-renin- angiotensin- aldosterone system inhibitors/ blockers
-sympathetic nervous system modulators

39
Q

with turbulent flow you can hear __

A

bruits and murmurs

40
Q

CHF treatments options

A

-diuretics
-beta- adrenergic receptor blockers
-cardiac inotropic drugs
-RAS inhibitors/ blockers
-*best option heart transplant

41
Q

pulmonary edema common with __

A

LHF

42
Q

systemic edema common with __

A

RHF

Physio (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions