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Physio > Autonomics > Flashcards

Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

Autonomic nervous system deal with

A
  • smooth musle
  • cardiac muscle
  • adipose tissue
  • glands
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2
Q

both sympathetic and parasympathetic

A
  • disynaptic
  • tonic activity (one more at rest PNS)
  • antagonists
  • involuntary
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3
Q

which out of sympathetic and parasympathetic is more often at rest?

A

parasympathetic

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4
Q

which is fight or flight

PNS/SNS

A

sympathetic

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5
Q

which is rest and digest?

PNS/SNS

A

parasympathetic

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6
Q

thoracolumbar is

A

sympathetic

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7
Q

sympathetic are _______ segments

A

T1-L1

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8
Q

What is craniosacral

A

parasympathetic

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9
Q

parasympathetic is ________ segments

A
  • CN 3, 7, 9, 10
  • S1-S4
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10
Q

parasympathetic uses

A

Cholinergic (Ach)

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11
Q

sympathetic uses

A

Norderenergic/Andrengic at the target organ

uses Cholinergic before this pre to post

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12
Q

parasympathetic has _______ targets

A

discrete

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13
Q

What is adipose only regulated by

A

sympathetic

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14
Q

Most organs are inervated by

A

both sympathetic and parasympathetic

exception:adipose

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15
Q

All preganglionic for both sympathetic and parasympathetic are

A

Cholinergic (Ach) to nitcotinic

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16
Q

Cholinergic (Ach) from pre to post is

A

nicotinic (ionotropic)
(EPSP occurs)

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17
Q

the ionotropic causes increase of _________ into the cell and some _______ out of the cell

A

Na+, K_

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18
Q

All things will synapse in a ganglion execept

A

the adernal medulla

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19
Q

what are the 3 ways a sympathetic signal can travel

A
  1. synapse with postganglionic and the ganglion
  2. pass down the sympathetic chain and synapse with a different ganglion
  3. pass out of the sympathetic chain (ex. splanchic) and synapse in the peripheral ganglion
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20
Q

All most all postganglionic release _________ at the synapse

sympathetic

A

Norepinephine

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21
Q

what is an exception to All most all postganglionic release Norepinephine at the synapse

sympathetic

A

sweat glands they release Ach
and andrenal medula

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22
Q

where do you find chromaffin cells?

A

adrenal medulla

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23
Q

chromaffin cells secrete

A

80% Epinephine
20% Norepinephine

into to the blood

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24
Q

Alpha Cells have a ________ affinity than beta cells

A

lower

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25
Q

beta cell are activated at ________ concentrations

A

lower

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26
Q

____________ has a greater potency at Alpha cells than ________

A

Norepinephine, Epinephine

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27
Q

Alpha 1

A

constrict smooth muscle

increase Ca+

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28
Q

Alpha 2

A

block further Norepinephine release(presynaptic receptor)

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29
Q

Beta potency ______

A

varies

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30
Q

At Beta 1

A

Norepinephine and Epinephine are **equal **

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31
Q

At Beta 2

A

Epinephine is GREATER (by a lot) than Norepinephine

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32
Q

At beta 3

A

Norepinephine is slightly greater

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33
Q

B2 fucntions to

A

relax airways

34
Q

why do people use epi pens to open air ways?

A

due to the greater potency of epinephine at B2

B2 cause airways to relax

35
Q

Alpha 1 are found

A

in most places

smooth muscle and glands

36
Q

Alpha 1 funcitons to

A

increase Ca+
causes contraction and secretion

37
Q

Alpha 2 is located in

A

nerve endings

38
Q

Beta1 are found in

A

the heart

39
Q

beta 2 are found in

A

smooth muscle

40
Q

beta 3 are found in

A

adipose tissue

41
Q

what is the funciton of Alpha 2

A

decrease trasnmitter release

42
Q

What is the funciton of Beta 1

A

increase heart rate and force

43
Q

what is the funciton of beta 3

A

increase lipolysis

44
Q

what is the funciton of beta 2

A

relax smooth muscles (AIRWAYS)

45
Q

Why is epinephine added to local anesthetics?

A

cause vasoconstriction due to Alpha 1

Keeps it more local and helps extend how long it lasts

46
Q

by adding epinephine to local anesthetics is extends the duration by

A

50%

47
Q

Albuterol

A

used with Asthma to relax airways (Beta 2)

48
Q

Norepinephine is only active for

A

a few seconds

49
Q

what are the reasons Norepinephine is only active for a few seconds?

A
  1. diffusion away
  2. reuptake
  3. destruciton (MOA and COMT)
50
Q

what blocks the reuptake of Norepinephine?

A

cocaine

51
Q

MOA inhibitors help to treat a lot of things but have what side effect?

A

Xerostomia due to the decrease in Norepinephine

52
Q

What craninal nerves are involved with parasympathetics?

A

3, 7, 9, 10

53
Q

what are the preganglionic synpases for parasympathetic

A

Ach to Nicotinic

54
Q

what are the postganlionic synapes for parasympathetic?

A

Ach to musclrinic

55
Q

What are the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Digestion
urination
miosis
bronchostriction
lacrimation
salivation

DUMBLS

56
Q

parasympathetic postganglioic synpases are

A

muscarinic
g-coupled
metabotropic

57
Q

What are the muscarinic receptors?

A

M1 -M5

58
Q

What muscarinic receptors increase Ca+ in the cell?

A

M1, 3 and 5

59
Q

Salivary glands have what muscarinic receptors?

A

M1 and 3

60
Q

M2 receptors deal with

A
  • the heart
  • decrease heart hate
61
Q

M5 is in the

A

CNS

we will see more later

62
Q

What is a side affect of antidepressents?

A

Xerostomia

inhibits the effect of Ach on the M1 and 3 receptors decrease saliva

63
Q

Nicotinic receptor can be

A

in muscle or the neural tissure

cause depolarization leads to EPSP

64
Q

In the PNS what has an affect on the bladder?

A

M2 relax sphincter
M3 constrict Detrusor (^Ca+)

increases urination

65
Q

What in the SNS an affect on the bladder?

A

A1 constrict sphincter
B2 relax detrusor

decrease urinaiton

66
Q

what in the PNS has an affect on the GI

A

M2 relax sphincter
M3 contract muscle

67
Q

what in the SNS has and affect on the GI?

A

A1Constrict sphincter
B2 relax muscle

68
Q

What in the PNS has an affect of salivary glands?

A

M1 and 3
* stimulate watery secretion
* vasodilation

69
Q

what in the SNS has an affect on salivary glands?

A

a1
* vasoconstriction
* secretion
b2
*increase secretion of proteins

70
Q

meth mouth is due to

A

its effects on A1 which cause a decrease in salivary flow

71
Q

Anticholergic and saliva

A

block M1 and M3

72
Q

What in the PNS has affect on blood vessels?

A

nothing it is SNS driving

73
Q

WHat in the PNS has an effect on the heart?

A

M2 decreases heart rate

74
Q

What in the SNS has an affect on the heart?

A

B1 increase HR
B2 vasodilation

75
Q

What in the PNS has an affect on the lungs?

A

M3 constricts airways

76
Q

what in the SNS has an affect on the lungs?

A

B2 dialtes airways

77
Q

What are the two types of choliergic receptors?

A
  • Muscarinic
  • Nicoinic
78
Q

name the receptors and NT in the PNS

A

Ach–>nicotinic —> then
Ach—>Muscarinic

79
Q

name the receptors and NT in the SNS

A

Ach—-> Nicotinic then
Ne —> Noraderenergic(adrenergic)

80
Q

What uses Alpha 1 and Beta 2 as its receptors?

A

Bladder
Blood Vessels
GI
Salivary glands

SNS

Physio (34 decks)

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