Psychotherapy B 9

Question 1

Traditional therapies

Answer 1

take place in clinic and not in the clients social environment; Assume therapeutic gains made by end of therapy are maintained

Question 2

What do practitioners rarely do

Answer 2

Practitioners rarely follow up clients and assume if patients/clients do not return they maintained treatment gains

Question 3

How many clients have at least one relapse

Answer 3

> 95% of clients have at least one relapse and that substantial relapses occur in the majority of cases

Question 4

Relapse has now been recognised as…

Answer 4

Relapse has now been recognised as such a problem that treatment/evaluation research will not be published without data on at least a six month follow up.

Question 5

Successful maintainers (3)

Answer 5

1) greater confidence; 2) greater adherence; 3) greater frequency of incompatible behaviours

Question 6

Greater confidence

Answer 6

(both pre- and post-treatment) in their ability to control physiological urges (internal attributions re ability and effort) rather than attributing no or external control (physiological addiction) over problem;

Question 7

Greater adherence

Answer 7

to treatment objectives (positive attitude change) and behaviours (compliance-conformity). In group therapies, more likely to attend all sessions and complete all homework tasks.

Question 8

Greater frequency of incompatible behaviours

Answer 8

Clients in weight reduction programs who rigidly maintain exercise programs; Alcoholics who re-arranged schedules to spend more time with family without alcohol influences

Question 9

Relapse and environment

Answer 9

99% of patients/clients remain in or return to the same social environment that social psychologists believed caused the problem.

Question 10

Example

Answer 10

a detoxified alcoholic is physiologically clean but is returned to the same stressful environment and same social influences that created the original alcohol problem

Question 11

Relapse and attributions

Answer 11

over 50% of all reasons given for relapse were associated with social psychological factors to do with external stressors (work, family, marital), interpersonal conflict and social pressure from others; internal determinants including emotional states, testing personal control and, urges and temptations account for around around 30% of the variance

Question 12

Relapse prevention model 1

Answer 12

Marlatt & Gordon (1985) Three step model

Question 13

Marlatt & Gordon (1985) Three step model

Answer 13

1) learn to identify high risk situations; 2) Acquire competent and specific coping skills; 3) Practice

Question 14

Learn to identify high risk situations

Answer 14

by generating a list of antecedent conditions in which lapses are most likely to occur

Question 15

Acquire competent and specific coping skills

Answer 15

through cognitive behaviour therapy (that is, training specific behaviours and their associated cognitions)