Psychopathology B 3

Question 1

Impact of treatment non-adherence (8)

Answer 1

1) Increased symptom severity; 2) lengthened hospital stays; 3) increased re-hospitalisation rates; 4) increased overall cost of care; 5) increased severity of relapse; 6) lengthened time to remission; 7) increased risk of violence; 8) increased risk of suicide

Question 2

Why do most people find this information surprising

Answer 2

If in developing country, should have less recovery (more resources in Australia, those in developing countries who are admitted might be worse level of schizophrenia)

Question 3

Two factors that may create this inequity

Answer 3

psychological; social

Question 4

Psychological explanation

Answer 4

most Western patients on medication and therefore are less likely to be helped psychologically (using medication as mask - never going to get better)

Question 5

Social explanation

Answer 5

most Westerners stigmatise (and discriminate against) people experiencing mental illness (not trained society to not discriminate/stigmatise)

Question 6

Both are associated with

Answer 6

the psychosocial model of health

Question 7

Both of these factors…

Answer 7

both of these factors interfere with recovery within a community setting

Question 8

Define adherence (noncompliance)

Answer 8

the extent to which patient’s behaviour (taking medications, following diets, or executing life style changes) coincides with health care professional’s advice i.e. Extent to which after forming therapeutic relationship with someone, take their professional advice

Question 9

How many patients are adherent

Answer 9

approximately 50% are adherent (only 22% are extremely adherent)

Question 10

What are person factors

Answer 10

Characteristics associated with the individual [person] patient but none of these significantly predict adherence rates

Question 11

Examples of person characteristics (8)

Answer 11

1) gender; 2) geographic location (urban versus rural); 3) developmental age; 4) highest education level; 5) socio-economic status; 6) ethnicity/culture; 7) personality; 8) the presence of another illness.

Question 12

Do person factors significant predict adherence rates

Answer 12

no

Question 13

Patients’ social environment includes (3)

Answer 13

1) Attitudes or health belief system; 2) Social factors including subjective norms; 3) Perceived behavioural control

Question 14

Treatment factors include (5)

Answer 14

1) severity of illness; 2) time since diagnoses; 3) impacts of side effects of medication; 4) complexity of treatment; and 5) quality of practitioner-patient interactions

Question 15

Jackson (2014) scope of adherence

Answer 15

adherence rates of long term diabetic management; medication (47.1%); monitoring (46.3%); diet (39.8%); exercise (29.1%)