Crime 10

Question 1

Government funding of abortion for teenage mothers

Answer 1

[cost] lead to [after 15 years] less welfare, less crime, higher employment rates

Question 2

Failures of social research to influence public policy (5)

Answer 2

1) Public policy and violent pornography; 2) Public policy and gun control; 3) Public policy and media violence in children’s media; 4) Gender pay gap after the initial rise from 60% to 80%; 5) Reducing domestic violence

Question 3

Public policy and violent pornography failed although

Answer 3

evidence supports violent pornography leads to negative attitudes toward women [and increased aggression]

Question 4

Activists’ role for social psychologists

Answer 4

expert role; collaborative role; advocacy role; organising and agitating role

Question 5

Expert role

Answer 5

use knowledge of theory and research to foster social change

Question 6

Example expert role

Answer 6

Elizabeth Loftus; expert witness on the lack of reliability associated with eyewitness testimony and recovered memories

Question 7

Collaborative role

Answer 7

maintain relationship with an organisation that is implementing a social change agenda

Question 8

Example of collaborative role

Answer 8

professor Leonard Jason working with Oxford house - provides safe, supported accomodation for newly released prisoners; program evaluation (participants compared to controls); abstinent from drugs (65% vs 35%); recidivism (3% vs 9%) and income (twice as high)

Question 9

Advocacy role

Answer 9

produce social change (not by direct action) but by mobilising legislators, courts and disadvantaged groups

Question 10

Example advocacy role

Answer 10

Ralph Nader began with automobile safety and has broadened to include consumer protection, humanitarianism, environmentalism and democratic processes

Question 11

Organising and agitating role

Answer 11

uses a coercive role to create conflict in society by empowering the local community to achieve a collective goal; while this role creates a negative image it is nevertheless an important means to foster social change

Question 12

Example of organising and agitating role

Answer 12

Professor Saul Alinsky is one of the famous community organisers with an early focus on improving living conditions of poor communities across USA