Psychoneuroimmunology Flashcards
In response to stress the phagocyte activity?
Decreases
Catecholamines cause?
Increased breathing rate
Increase bp via vasoconstriction
Increased hr
Corticosteroids role?
Increase protein and fat mobilisation
Increased access to bodily energy stores
Suppress inflammatory response and antibody formation
General adaptation syndrome has 3 phases?
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion
Why is prolonged stress harmful?
Allostatic load- body actively copes with stress trying to find a new balance
High allostatic load for a long time results in?
Decreased cell mediated immunity
Inability to shut off cortisol in response to stress
Transactional model says?
No direct link from stressor to stress
What is secondary appraisal?
Can i cope with the situation, resources meet the challenger threat harm etc. Which will result in stress
2 modes of coping?
Emotion focused- behavioural/cognitive
Problem focused- reducing demands of situation/ increased resources to deal with stressful situation
Increased sociability is associated with…?
Decreased risk of developing a cold
High levels of loneliness and small social networks result in…?
Lowest antibody response to a flu vaccination
Depression affects immunity how?
Greater susceptibility to infections
Slower wound healing
Reduced number and function of lymphocytes/ NK cells
Changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines
Increase in IL6- mediator of fever and inflammation
Dose response effect?
Longer, severe depression has worse immune effects
Depression is linked to more rapid progression of?
HIV/AIDS
Cancer
Effect of personality on immune system?
Greater proliferation of helper T lymphocytes/ NK cell cytotoxicity
Positive affects in HIV people can?
Better viral control
What does sympathetic nervous system do to immune activity?
Increase i.e NK cells
What does HPA do to immune activity?
Suppresses via cortisol
Allostatic load is?
Physiological cost of prolonged fluctuation or elevated of SNA or HPA axis responses
Measures of allostatic load include?
Decreased cell- mediated immunity
Inability to shut off cortisol in response to stress
What is primary appraisal?
Is it positive, negative, neutral?
Harmful threatening challenging
What are direct effects of social support?
Via psychosocial influences on endocrine/immune function
People feel less stressed if they are supported
What are indirect effects of social support?
People who provide social support can encourage better coping
More likely to adhere to meds
More likely to use health services
What are the direct and indirect effects of depression?
Directly on immune system
Indirectly- poor sleep
Unhealthy behaviour
Lower adherence
Optimistic personality, emotional expressiveness, extraversion is associated with?
NK cell cytotoxicity, proliferation of helper t lymphocytes
Positive events/ moods have…?
Longer lasting effects on immune function than negative
Positive affects are linked with?
Better viral control in HIV positive people
