Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

204 > Intro To Musculoskeletal Diseases > Flashcards

Intro To Musculoskeletal Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What are bursa?

A

Synovial membrane lined pockets that allow free movement to adjacent structures where friction would be

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Enthesitis?

A

Inflammation. Where tendons ligaments join onto bone e.g Achilles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Oliogoarthritis?

A

2-4 joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Poly arthritis?

A

More than 5 joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Example of non inflammatory problems?

A

Osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Immune mediators and conditions?

A

IL 1 - gout and autoinflammatory

IL 17- seronegative spondyloarthritis

TNF a- rheumatoid arthritis

Auntoantibodies- connective tissue disease and vascularised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis doesn’t affect spine but?

A

Atlanta-axial joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clinical measurements for rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Positve autoantibodies-rheumatoid factor

And or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in around 70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Seronegative spondyloarthropathy is…

A

Don’t have autoantibodies

Can Affect spine

Associated with HLA B27 gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Seronegative spondyloarthropathy includes?

A

PEAR

Ankylosis spondylitis
Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis- STI bacterial diarrhoea illness
Enteropathic arthritis- IBD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common connective tissue disease?

A

Lupus

Connective tissue diseases associated with anti nuclear antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MSK disorders are the …… most common cause of disability?

A

Second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How much pop see GP about MSK problems?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much does NHS spend each year of treating MSK problems?

A

10 billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Osteoarthritis affects how many males and females over 60?

A

10% males

18% females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis affects how much of UK pop?

A

1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis is how much more common in women than men?

A

2-4 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many people with rheumatoid arthritis stop work within 2 years of its onset?

A

1/3

19
Q

Prevalence/ mean age of seronegative spondyloarthropathy?

A

1 in 200, 0.5%

Mean age of onset- 24

20
Q

Gout affects how much of UK population?

A

2.5%

21
Q

For septic arthritis what should you do?

A

Joint aspiration

Check: clarity, colour viscosity

22
Q

What will you send joint aspirate for?

A

Gram stain
Bacterial culture
Crystals
White cell differential

23
Q

Mortality rate for septic arthritis?

A

11%

24
Q

Polyarticular disease with sepsis has a mortality rate of?

A

5O%

25
Q

Commonest organism for septic arthritis is ?

A

Staph and strep

26
Q

Sepsis 6?

A

Take:
Cultures
Lactate
Urine output

Give:
High flow oxygen
Fluids
IV antibiotics

27
Q

What causes gout?

A

Mono sodium urate crystals

Needle shaped, in cooler area

28
Q

What is pseudo gout?

A

Calcium pyrophosphate crystals

29
Q

Many people have high urate but only what percent actually have clinical gout?

A

10%

30
Q

What do MSU crystals do?

A

Activate inflammasome causing IL-1B production and initiation of an intense inflammatory response

31
Q

What causes hyperuricaemia ?

A 
Age
Fam history
Mostly men
Renal disease, reduced excretion
Obesity
Diuretics, thiazides 
Alcohol excess
Sweetened soft drinks 
High dietary purine intake 
High cell turnover, psoriasis and high grade lymphoma
32
Q

Protective for hyperuricaemia?

A

Weight loss
Dairy intake
Coffee
Cherries

33
Q

Treatment of gout?

A

Colchine
NSAIDs
Steroids

34
Q

Acute flares last?

A

2-7 days

35
Q

What is first line for gout?

A

Allopurinol
Less than 300micromol/L
12% patients have properly titrated dose

36
Q

Chondrocalcinosis?

A

Deposition of calcium pyrophosphate, pseudo gout

37
Q

What happens in osteoarthritis?

A

Thinneing of articular cartilage
Mild thickened inflamed synovium
Ostephytes
Thickened stretched capsule

38
Q

What happens in osteoarthritis?

A

Inflammatory factors activate chondrocytes and subchondral osteoblasts

39
Q

Risk of osteoarthritis?

A 
Obesity
Joint injury
Genetic
Gender, more women
Previous joint disease
Biomechanical stress
Metabolic processes
Age
40
Q

Osteoarthritis nodes?

A

PIPS- Bouchards nodes

DIPS- heberdens nodes

41
Q

Clinical features of PIPS and DIPS nodes?

A 
Over 50
Crepitus
Bony enlargement and tenderness
Morning stiffness less than 30 mins
Persistent joint pain aggravated on use
42
Q

RA occurs usually at what age?

A

Peaks at 30-50

43
Q

Septic arthritis classic signs?

A

Hot red knee painful cant move it and generally poorly

44
Q

Treatment for osteoarthritis?

A 
Education
Strengthening exercises
Weight loss
Paracetamol
Topical NSAIDs

204 (58 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions