Mucosal Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

MUCOSA ASSOCIATED LYMPHATIC TISSUE IS DIVIDED INTO

A

Bronchus associated lymphatic tissue

Gut associated lymphatic tissue

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2
Q

Surface area of mucosa?

A

400m2 60% of effector cells

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3
Q

Endogenous flora number is?

A

10 to power of 14- x10 more than human body cells

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4
Q

Regionalised immune system?

A

Peyer’s patches

Waldeyer’s ring ( lingual, palatine and nasopharyngeal tonsils)

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5
Q

Microbiota?

A

Actual microorganisms

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6
Q

Microbiome?

A

Totality of their genes

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7
Q

Healthy food increase?

A

Mucus secretion and antimicrobial peptides

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8
Q

Unhealthy food cause>

A

Enhance mucus degradation

Reduce antimicrobial peptides

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9
Q

What is the function of mucus?

A

Keep bacteria away from epithelium

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10
Q

Prudent diet gives rise to?

A

Rich in fibre
Production of SCFA by bacteria
Increase mucus production
Increased expression of tight junction proteins

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11
Q

On basolateral surface of gut which TLR do you have?

A

5 and it tightens tight junction upon contact with bacteria

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12
Q

What is NLR in cytoplasm activated by?

A

Flagellins ( invading bacteria)

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13
Q

Paneth cell produce?

A

Defensins 5 and 6 and trypsin

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14
Q

What does trypsin do?

A

Activates human Defensin 5 and 6 by proteolytic cleavage

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15
Q

What is in the mucus?

A

Antibacterial peptides and antibodies of IgG and igA

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16
Q

What do M cells do?

A

Transport antigens from gut lumen to supepithelial lymphoid structures

17
Q

Largest amount of lymphoid tissue is found?

A

Waldeyer’s ring and terminal ileum

18
Q

Peyers patches are located in?

A

Distal ileum in areas of follicle associated epithelium

19
Q

Peyers patches increase from?

A

60 in foetal life to 240

20
Q

Peyers patches contain?

A

Germinal centres for b and t cells

21
Q

Follicle associated epithelium contains?

A

M cells, about 100-150 per PP

22
Q

What are M cell features?

A

Small microvilli

Large cell membrane fenestrations ( antigen uptake from gut lumen - fluid phase endocytosis)

Transcellular transport mechanism for antigen

Exocytosis at basolateral membrane- delivering antigen to dendritic cells of underlying lymphatic structures

23
Q

Follicular dendritic cells are not?

A

APCS no class II MHC, fix antigen of surface to make it easy for B cells

24
Q

Follicular areas contain?

A

Follicular dendritic cells
Lymphoid follicles
Macrophages

25
Q

Interfollicular areas contain?

A

B cells
T cells
Macrophages
Dendritic cells

26
Q

B cells/ T cells enter via?

A

High endothelial venules

27
Q

Hyper igM syndrome is?

A

X linked

Lack of CD40L on T cells

28
Q

Plasma cells in gut produce?

A

igA- produced in presence of TGF beta/ nitric oxide, which come from dendritic cells

29
Q

What percent of effector cells in the mucosa?

A

60

30
Q

What are the induction sites?

A

Peyers patches

Mesenteric lymph nodes

31
Q

What are the effector sites?

A

Lamina propria immune cells and intraepithelial immune cells

32
Q

How are igA formed?

A

Dendritic cells release NO and TGF beta to class switch