Overview Of Immunology

Question 1

NK cells are?

Answer 1

Both innate and adaptive

Question 2

Neutrophil appearance?

Answer 2

Granulosed cytoplasm and multi lobed nucleus

Question 3

Eosinophil role?

Answer 3

Parasitic infection/ helminth

Question 4

Monocytes role?

Answer 4

Phagocytosis antigen presentation

Question 5

Dendritic cells appearance?

Answer 5

Long processes, role of antigen presentation

Question 6

Lymphocyte appearance?

Answer 6

Big nucleus, little cytoplasm

Question 7

What does lymph drain into?

Answer 7

Subclavian duct

Question 8

Juxtacrine?

Answer 8

Signalling cell and target cell bind together

Question 9

Cytokine?

Answer 9

Small proteins released by cells that have an effect on another cell

Question 10

Chemokines definition?

Answer 10

Similar to cytokines, by main role in temporal and spatial organisation of cells and tissue, different structure receptors and nomenclature

Question 11

Innate antigen receptors?

Answer 11

Don’t recognise antigen specifically but
Pattern recognition receptors
Which recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns PAMPS

Not clonally distributed, same on every cell with the receptor

Question 12

Mannose binding ligand bind to?

Answer 12

Mannose and fucose residues with correct spacing, lower organisms usually on fungi

Question 13

How are adaptive antigen receptors made?

Answer 13

Random somatic recombination events between gene segments

Question 14

T cell receptor made of?

Answer 14

Alpha and beta chain, with constant and variable region, not secreted it is fixed. Recognise processed antigens in the form of linear peptides

Question 15

What percent of vdj are junk?

Answer 15

90%

Question 16

T cell recognise peptide by?

Answer 16

MHC presenting the peptide

Question 17

Class 2 MHC

Answer 17

Antigen endocytosed
Then processed into peptides into a phagocytes-lysosome
Which bind to mhc 2 molecule
Which is exocytosed
Then T cell binds to it

Question 18

Class MHC1

Answer 18

Viral proteins produced by cells
Proteins go into proteasome
Then broken down into peptides attached by TAP transporter, which transports cytosolic peptides into ER, where they bind to MHC 1.
Exocytosed, Presented onto cell surface

Question 19

Eosinophils look?

Answer 19

2 lobed non segmented nucleus with large granules, typically looking red

Question 20

Basophils in tissue becomes?

Answer 20

Mast cell

Question 21

What do NK cells do?

Answer 21

Direct lysis of infected cells and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity

Question 22

Where are MHC molecules created?

Answer 22

Ribosomes