Cancer Immunology And Immunotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

How do T cells detect cancerous cells?

A

Tumour associated, higher levels in tumour cells and tumour specific genes

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2
Q

What is associated with liver cancer?

A

Alpha fetoprotein, expressed in a few other cells

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3
Q

MAGE-A antigens are found in?

A

Non-small cell lung cancer, bladder and esophageal cancer

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4
Q

What is the antigen for prostate cancer?

A

Porstatic acid phosphatase

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5
Q

BRCA 1 and 2 are found in how many women?

A

1 in 500

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6
Q

BRCA1 and 2 increase risk of varian and breast cancer by?

A

Ovarian cancer- 30-45x

Breast cancer- 2-5 risk

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7
Q

BRCA1 and 2 affect?

A

Regulatory RAD51- DNA repair protein, repairs double strand breaks

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8
Q

Sipuleucel T is what?

A

A vaccine composed of patient immune cells that were expanded by stimulation with PAP

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9
Q

Tumours can subdue immunity by?

A
  1. Cytokines downregulating inflammation e.g IL10
  2. Reducing tumour MHC expression
  3. Reducing T cell immunity at immune check points by expressing inhibitory ligands
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10
Q

What happens at immunological synapse?

A

T cells change configuration through micro tubules, majority of receptors moved towards the immunological synapse.

Cd43 mediates repulsion so excluded

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11
Q

Costimualation of T cells?

A

CD80/86 with CD 28

ICAM1- LFA 1

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12
Q

Anti checkpoint?

A

Programmes death L 1 PD-L1 on APC with PD1- on T cells induces dephosphorylation

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13
Q

PD1- PD-L1 drug?

A

Dostarlimab

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14
Q

What is an anti- inflammatory cytokine?

A

IL10

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15
Q

Life time risk of average women with cancer due to BRCA1 and BRCA2 is?

A

12.5

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16
Q

What is adoptive cell transfer?

A

Transfer of mutation specific T cells provides pre-fabricated cytotoxic T cells that recognise and may kill tumour cells

17
Q

Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes role?

A

Can change functional profile in the tumour e.g t-effector to treg or lose function altogether

18
Q

Timeline for car T cell therapy?

A

3 weeks