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Anatomy Of Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Scaphoid of tubercle, trapezium tubercle, hook of hamate and pisiform gives attachment to

A

Flexor retinaculum

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2
Q

Fracture of scaphoid, recovery is?

A

Slow because poor bloody supply to proximal part, avascular necrosis

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3
Q

Which bone develops in tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Pisiform

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4
Q

Radicarpal joint is what type?

A

Condyloid

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5
Q

Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments limit?

A

Abduction and adduction

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6
Q

Ligaments on palmar and dorsal surface?

A

Limits extension and flexion

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7
Q

Carpometacarpal joints are what type of joints?

A

Plane joint, limited movement except for saddle joint, trapezium and metacarpal of d1 which enables opposition

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8
Q

Metacarpalphalangeal joints are what type of joints?

A

Condylar

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9
Q

What keeps the metacarpals joined together

A

Deep transverse metacarpal ligaments. Only between D2 and d5

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10
Q

Interphalangeal joint is what type?

A

Hinge

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11
Q

Palmar aponeurosis is continuous with what and comprises of what?

A

Palmaris longus

Longitudinal fibre and transverse fibres

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12
Q

What passes though carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Median nerve

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13
Q

What does flexor retinaculum do?

A

Prevents bowing of tendons

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14
Q

Where does splitting happen?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis splits to allow flexor digitorum profundus to pass through and attach on distal phalanx

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15
Q

Synovial sheath is bound by?

A

Annular and cruciate bands of fibrous digital sheath

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16
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis terminates on?

A

Base of middle phalanx

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17
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus terminates on?

A

Base of distal phalanx

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18
Q

Vinculae?

A

Attach tendons to phalanges

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19
Q

What happens at insertion of long extensor tendons to digits?

A

Extensor hood/dorsal digital expansion (triangular aponeurosis)

Medial band onto medial phalanx and lateral band into distal phalanx

20
Q

Anatomical snuff box is formed of?

A

Medial/posterior border- extensor pollicis longus

Laterally- extensor polllicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus

Base formed by scaphoid and trapezium

21
Q

Which muscles insert onto extensor hoods

A

Lumbricals and interossei

22
Q

Lumbricals origin and insertion?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus tendons to extensor hood

2/3 unipennate
4/5 bipennate

23
Q

What do lumbricals do?

A

Extend interphalngeal joints and flex MCP joints

For precision grip

24
Q

Nerve supply to lumbricals?

A

2/3median nerve

4/5 ulnar nerve

25
Q

Interossie sit between?

A

Metacarpals

26
Q

Palmar interossie origin and insertion?

A

Metacarpals to extensor hoods D2 d4 d5

27
Q

What do palmar interossie do?

A

Adduct MCP joints

28
Q

No palmar interossie for D1 and D3 so action performed by?

A

Adductor pollicis muscle for thumb

29
Q

Dorsal interossei function?

A

Abduct MCP joints

30
Q

Dorsal interossie origin and insertion?

A

Metacarpals to extensor hoods D2 d3 x2 and d4

31
Q

No dorsal interossie for D1 and d5 as this is performed by?

A

Thenar hypothenar

32
Q

Origin of thenar and hypothenar muscles?

A

Flexor retinaculum and adjacent carpal bones

33
Q

Thenar muscles contain?

A

Opponens pollicis into first metacarpal

Abductor pollicis brevis into proximal phalanx
Flexor pollicis brevis

34
Q

Adductor pollicis origin and insertion?

A

Oblique head- base 2/3 metacarpal and carpal bones

Transverse head- 3rd metacarpal

Insert into promximal phalanx

Deep to thenar muscles

35
Q

What supplies blood thumb and half of index finger?

A

Princeps pollicis artery and radialis indicis artery- both branches of radial artery

36
Q

Ulnar artery gives off?

A

Common palmar digital arteries then divide to give proper palmer digital arteries

1/2 D2 to d5

37
Q

Median nerve supplies?

A

Thenar muscles and first 2 lumbricals

And gives off palmar branch before it enters carpal tunnel, supplying skin of palm

Sensory to d1 to 1/2 d4

38
Q

Ulnar nerve supplies?

A

HIMLA

Hypothenar
Interossie
Medial 2 lumbricals
Adductor pollicis

And superficial branch to 1/2 d4 and d5

39
Q

Clawed hand?

A

Damage to ulnar nerve at wrist

D4 and d5 Hyperextension and MCP and flexion at interphalnageal joints

Due to lack of lumbrical action

40
Q

What is responsible for dupuytren’s contracture?

A

Palmar aponeurosis

41
Q

What surrounds tendons?

A

Synovial sheaths

42
Q

Why are extensor hoods important?

A

Attachment for intrinsic muscles

43
Q

What is clinical importance of anatomical snuff box?

A

Radial pulse and palpate scaphoid

44
Q

Which lumbricals does median nerve supply?

A

D2/d3

Ulnar supplies d4/d5

45
Q

Hypothenar muscles?

A

Opponens digiti minimi- deepest into 5th metacarpal

Abductor digiti minimi into proximal phalanx
Flexor digiti minimi- proximal phalanx

46
Q

Radial artery supplies?

A

D1 and 1/2 D2

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