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CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) > PRELIM 02 - Microbial Growth and its Control > Flashcards

PRELIM 02 - Microbial Growth and its Control Flashcards

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1
Q

__________ increase in number not size

A

Microbial growth

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2
Q

Time required for a cell to divide and its population to double

A

Generation time

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3
Q

Temperature (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Physical

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4
Q

pH (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Physical

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5
Q

Osmotic pressure (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Physical

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6
Q

Carbon (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Chemical

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7
Q

Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorus (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Chemical

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8
Q

Trace elements (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Chemical

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9
Q

Oxygen (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Chemical

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10
Q

Organic growth factors (Type of requirement for microbial growth)

A

Chemical

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11
Q

pH of most bacteria

A

6.5-7.5

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12
Q

pH of acidophiles

A

1

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13
Q

pH of fungi

A

5-6

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14
Q

Organisms that can grow at high salt concentrations

A

Extreme halophiles

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15
Q

High osmotic pressure (hypertonic) results to __________

A

Plasmolysis (shrinkage)

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16
Q

Low osmotic pressure (hypotonic) results to __________

A

Swelling

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17
Q

The structural backbone of living matter; it is half the dry weight of bacterial cell

A

Carbon

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18
Q

2 types of carbon sources

A

Chemoheterotrophs, Chemoautotrophs & photoautotrophs

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19
Q

A type of carbon source that get carbon from organism materials such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids

A

Chemoheterotrophs

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20
Q

A type of carbon source that get carbon from carbon dioxide

A

Chemoautotrophs & photoautotrophs

21
Q

3 elements needed in the synthesis of biomolecules

A

Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorus

22
Q

Elements required in small amounts and are usually needed as cofactors

A

Trace elements

23
Q

4 examples of trace elements

A

Fe, Cu, Mo, Zn

24
Q

Are essential organic compounds which includes vitamins, amino acids, pyrimidines, and purines

A

Organic growth factors

25
Q

A thin, slimy layer encasing bacteria that adheres to a surface

A

Biofilm

26
Q

A complex polymer containing many times its dry weight in water

A

Hydrogel

27
Q

A microorganism that form biofilms on teeth and gums, contributing to dental plaque and dental caries

A

Streptococcus mutans

28
Q

Destruction or removal of all forms of microbial life, including endospores but with the possible exception of prions

A

Sterilization

29
Q

Sufficient heat treatment to kill endospores of Clostridium botulinum in canned food

A

Commercial sterilization

30
Q

Destruction of vegetative pathogens on inanimate objects

A

Disinfection

31
Q

Destruction of vegetative pathogens on living tissue

A

Antisepsis

32
Q

Removal of microbes from a limited area, such as the skin around an injection site

A

Degerming

33
Q

Treatment is intended to lower microbial counts on eating and drinking utensils to safe public health levels

A

Sanitization

34
Q

Chemical that kills microorganisms

A

Biocide/Germicide

35
Q

Inhibits the growth and multiplication of bacteria

A

Static

36
Q

State of bacterial contamination

A

Sepsis

37
Q

State of absence of contamination

A

Asepsis

38
Q

Practices that exclude all organisms from contaminating media or contacting living tissues

A

Aseptic technique

39
Q

2 methods used in control of microbial growth

A

Physical, Chemical

40
Q

4 phases of microbial growth

A

Lag, Log, Stationary, Death

41
Q

Intense activity preparing for population growth, but no increase in population (Phases of microbial growth)

A

Lag phase

42
Q

Logarithmic or exponential increase in population (Phases of microbial growth)

A

Log phase

43
Q

Period of equilibrium; microbial deaths balance production of new cells (Phases of microbial growth)

A

Stationary phase

44
Q

Population is decreasing at a logarithmic rate (Phases of microbial growth)

A

Death phase

45
Q

Only aerobic growth; oxygen is required (Type of microbe according to oxygen requirement)

A

Obligate aerobes

46
Q

Both aerobic and anaerobic growth; greater growth in the presence of oxygen (Type of microbe according to oxygen requirement)

A

Facultative anaerobes

47
Q

Only anaerobic growth; growth ceases in the presence of oxygen

A

Obligate anaerobes

48
Q

Only anaerobic growth; but growth continues in the presence of oxygen

A

Aerotolerant anaerobes

49
Q

Only aerobic growth; oxygen required in low concentration

A

Microaerophiles

CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) (18 decks)

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