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CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) > FINAL 01 - Viral Exanthems, Mumps, Poxviridae, and Herpesviridae > Flashcards

FINAL 01 - Viral Exanthems, Mumps, Poxviridae, and Herpesviridae Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Refers to skin rash

A

Exanthem

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2
Q

Refers to mucous membrane rash

A

Enanthem

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3
Q

Refers to a flat discoloration (<1 cm)

A

Macule

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4
Q

Refers to a circumscribed elevated lesion (<1 cm)

A

Papule

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5
Q

Refers to an elevated lesion containing clear fluid (<5 mm)

A

Vesicle

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6
Q

Refers to a large vesicle (>5 mm)

A

Bulla

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7
Q

Refers to loss of full thickness dermis/epidermis; eroded lesion

A

Ulcer

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8
Q

Refers to pinpoint, hemorrhagic lesion

A

Petechia

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9
Q

Refers to small, solid lesion, detectable by touch

A

Nodule

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10
Q

Refers to a nodule with a horny surface (WV)

A

Wart/Verraca

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11
Q

Refers to a lesion with pus

A

Pustule

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12
Q

Includes rubeola, measles, hard measles, 14-day measles, Morbili; caused by Measles virus (Viral exanthem disease number)

A

1st disease

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13
Q

Includes scarlet fever and scarlatina; caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Viral exanthem disease number)

A

2nd disease

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14
Q

Includes rubella, German measles, and 3-day measles; caused by Rubella virus (Viral exanthem disease number)

A

3rd disease

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15
Q

Includes Filatov-Dukes disease, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, and Ritter disease; caused by Staphylococcus aureus (Viral exanthem disease number)

A

4th disease

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16
Q

Includes erythema infectiosum; caused by Erythrovirus (parvovirus) B19 (Viral exanthem disease number)

A

5th disease

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17
Q

Includes exanthem subitum, roseola infantum, “sudden rash”, rose rash of infants, and 3-day fever; caused by Human herpes virus 6B or human herpes virus 7 (Viral exanthem disease number)

A

6th disease

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18
Q

Also known as rubeola/14-day measles; caused by Measles virus of Paramyxoviridae and is airborne (Viral exanthem 1st disease)

A

Measles

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19
Q

Causative agent of measles

A

Measles virus (Paramyxoviridae family)

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20
Q

A family of viruses larger than Orthomyxoviridae; causes mumps and measles

A

Paramyxoviridae

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21
Q

Characterized by fever, 3 Cs (cough, coryza, conjunctivitis), Koplik spots, and lymphopenia (Stages of measles)

A

Prodromal period

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22
Q

Characterized by light pink, discrete maculopapules that coalesce to form blotches, becoming brownish in 5-10 days (Stages of measles)

A

Rash

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23
Q

Most common complication of measles

A

Otitis media

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24
Q

Most common life-threatening complication of measles

A

2° bacterial pneumonia

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25
Q

Rare late complication of measles

A

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

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26
Q

Treatment for measles

A

Vitamin A

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27
Q

Prevention for measles

A

Live attenuated vaccine (May be alone or in combination [MMR])

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28
Q

Also known as German measles/3-day measles; caused by Rubella virus of Togaviridae and is airborne (Viral exanthem 3rd disease)

A

Rubella

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29
Q

Causative agent of rubella

A

Rubella virus (Togaviridae family)

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30
Q

The mildest of the common viral exanthems; characterized by malaise, low-grade fever, morbiliform rash, Forchheimer spots, and transient arthralgia and arthritis

A

Rubella

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31
Q

Rash present in rubella

A

Morbiliform rash

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32
Q

Nonspecific spots present in rubella

A

Forchheimer spots

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33
Q

Prevention of rubella

A

Live attenuated vaccine as MMR

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34
Q

An in utero infection; characterized by a triad of cataracts, cardiac abnormalities, and congenital sensorineural deafness, and mental retardation (Viral exanthem 3rd disease)

A

Congenital rubella syndrome

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35
Q

Caused by Parvovirus B19 of Parvoviridae; spread thru droplets and in utero (Viral exanthem 5th disease)

A

Erythema infectiosum

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36
Q

Causative agent of erythema infectiosum

A

Parvovirus B19 (Parvoviridae family)

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37
Q

Characterized by flu-like symptoms (Phases of erythema infectiosum)

A

1st phase

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38
Q

Characterized by erythematous facial rash (a slapped cheek appearance) and arthralgia (Phases of erythema infectiosum)

A

2nd phase

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39
Q

A family of small animal DNA viruses; an example of single stranded DNA virus

A

Parvoviridae

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40
Q

Characterized by cutaneous rash and arthralgia/arthritis (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)

A

Erythema infectiosum

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41
Q

Characterized by severe acute anemia (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)

A

Transient aplastic crisis

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42
Q

Characterized by chronic anemia (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)

A

Pure red cell aplasia

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43
Q

Characterized by fatal anemia (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)

A

Hydrops fetalis

44
Q

Caused by mumps virus of Paramyxoviridae; it is airborne and characterized by parotitis, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, orchitis, and oophoritis

A

Mumps

45
Q

Causative agent of mumps

A

Mumps virus (Paramyxoviridae family)

46
Q

Refers to inflammation of the parotid glands (Clinical findings of mumps)

A

Parotitis

47
Q

Refers to inflammation of the meninges; is tested negative for bacteria (Clinical findings of mumps)

A

Aseptic meningitis

48
Q

Refers to inflammation of the brain (Clinical findings of mumps)

A

Encephalitis

49
Q

Refers to inflammation of the testicles (Clinical findings of mumps)

A

Orchitis

50
Q

Refers to inflammation of the ovaries (Clinical findings of mumps)

A

Oophoritis

51
Q

Prevention for mumps

A

Live attenuated vaccine as MMR

52
Q

A family of viruses that includes the largest and most complex animal viruses; is brick-shaped or ovoid

A

Poxviridae

53
Q

2 genus of poxviruses that can cause disease in humans (OP)

A

Orthopoxvirus, Parapoxvirus

54
Q

Caused by variola major and minor and is airborne; is the first disease to be eradicated using cowpox and could be introduced as a bioweapon (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)

A

Smallpox

55
Q

Is effective as a prophylaxis but not useful in established disease (Prevention for smallpox)

A

Methisazone

56
Q

Replaced the cowpox vaccine/Variolae vaccinae (Prevention for smallpox)

A

Live vaccinia vaccine

57
Q

Refers to the old practice of deliberate infection w/ mild forms of the disease (Prevention for smallpox)

A

Variolation

58
Q

Is transmitted through direct contact with infected animals; milder than other pox diseases and historically used in the vaccine against smallpox (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)

A

Cowpox

59
Q

Is transmitted through direct contact with infected wild animal or person; is a rare zoonosis, is characterized by lymphadenopathy, and has a fatality of ~10% (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)

A

Monkeypox

60
Q

Transmitted through direct and indirect contact; characterized by benign epidermal tumor or small, pink, wart-like tumors and occurs only in humans (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)

A

Molluscum contagiosum

61
Q

Causative agent of Molluscum contagiosum

A

Molluscipoxvirus

62
Q

A family of viruses that causes a wide spectrum of diseases; has the ability to establish lifelong persistent infections and to undergo periodic reactivation

A

Herpesviridae

63
Q

Term that describes the spreading nature of skin lesions

A

L. herpes (Creep)

64
Q

A primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection affects the __________

A

Mucous membranes

65
Q

A latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection affects the __________

A

Ganglion

66
Q

Due to HSV-1, characterized by gingivostomatitis and pharyngitis (first infection) and herpes labialis/cold sores and intraoral herpes simplex (second infection) (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)

A

Oropharyngeal disease

67
Q

Oropharyngeal disease is caused by __________

A

HSV-1

68
Q

Herpes genitalis/Genital herpes is caused by __________

A

HSV-2

69
Q

Due to HSV-2; characterized by painful vesiculoulcerative lesions w/ itching, dysuria, vaginal and urethral discharge, and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)

A

Herpes genitalis/Genital herpes

70
Q

Includes Herpetic whitlow, Herpes gladiatorum, and Eczema herpeticum (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)

A

Skin infections

71
Q

Occurs in utero, during birth, or after birth; characterized by lesions localized to the skin, eye, and mouth (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)

A

Neonatal herpes

72
Q

Characterized by malaise, fever, and rash (Clinical findings of Varicella-zoster virus)

A

Varicella (Chickenpox)

73
Q

Characterized by dermatomal pain and vesicles, the trunk, head, and neck is most commonly affected (Clinical findings of Varicella-zoster virus)

A

Herpes zoster (Shingles)

74
Q

Complication of Herpes zoster (Shingles) that is characterized by protracted pain that may continue for months

A

Postherpetic neuralgia

75
Q

Characterized by cicatricial skin scarring in a zoster-like distribution, limb hypoplasia, neurologic system abnormalities, eye abnormalities, renal system abnormalities, and ANS abnormalities (Clinical findings of Varicella-zoster virus)

A

Congenital varicella syndrome

76
Q

4 treatments for Varicella-zoster virus required in neonates and immunocompromised (AVFF)

A

Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, Foscarnet

77
Q

Prevention of Varicella-zoster virus used for postexposure prophylaxis of high-risk patients

A

VariZIG

78
Q

The most common cause of congenital infection; has the largest content of the human herpesviruses and is transmitted through prolonged contact and in utero (HHV-5)

A

Cytomegalovirus

79
Q

Cytomegalovirus causes infectious mononucleosis-like disease in __________ hosts

A

Immunocompetent hosts

80
Q

Cytomegalovirus causes pneumonia, colitis, retinitis, hepatitis, or disseminated infection in __________ hosts

A

Immunocompromised hosts

81
Q

Characterized by IUGR, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, microcephaly, and retinitis (Clinical findings of cytomegalovirus)

A

Cytomegalic inclusion disease

82
Q

Transmitted through infected saliva through deep kissing; immortalizes B lymphocytes (HHV-4)

A

Epstein-Barr virus

83
Q

Characterized by headache, low-grade fever, malaise, fatigue, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes and spleen, and lymphocytosis (Clinical findings of Epstein-Barr virus)

A

Infectious mononucleosis (Kissing disease)

84
Q

Cancer that affects those younger than 40, starts in the upper body, and is predictable (Clinical findings of Epstein-Barr virus)

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

85
Q

Cancer that affects those older than 60, starts throughout the body, and is unpredictable (Clinical findings of Epstein-Barr virus)

A

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

86
Q

2 T-lymphotropic human herpesviruses; transmitted through oral secretions and causes Exanthem subitum/Roseola infantum/6th disease

A

HHV-6, HHV-7

87
Q

Characterized by high fever and Nagayama spots (Clinical findings of HHV-6 and HHV-7) (ER6)

A

Exanthem subitum/Roseola infantum/6th disease

88
Q

Characterized by erythematous papules of the soft palate and base of the uvula; a symptom of Exanthem subitum/Roseola infantum/6th disease (Clinical findings of HHV-6 and HHV-7)

A

Nagayama spots

89
Q

Infects B lymphocytes, macrophages, and both endothelial and epithelial cells; transmitted through oral secretions, sexually, vertically, by blood, or organ transplants (HHV-8)

A

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)

90
Q

Characterized by vascular tumors of mixed cellular composition (Clinical findings of KSHV)

A

Kaposi sarcoma

91
Q

HHV-1 (Common name)

A

Herpes simplex virus 1

92
Q

HHV-2 (Common name)

A

Herpes simplex virus 2

93
Q

HHV-3 (Common name)

A

Varicella-Zoster virus

94
Q

HHV-4 (Common name)

A

Epstein-Barr virus

95
Q

HHV-5 (Common name)

A

Cytomegalovirus

96
Q

HHV-6 (Common name)

A

Human herpesvirus 6

97
Q

HHV-7 (Common name)

A

Human herpesvirus 7

98
Q

HHV-8 (Common name)

A

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

99
Q

HHV-1 (Disease caused)

A

Oropharyngeal herpes

100
Q

HHV-2 (Disease caused)

A

Genital herpes

101
Q

HHV-3 (2 disease caused) (CS)

A

Chickenpox, Shingles

102
Q

HHV-4 (Disease caused)

A

Infectious mononucleosis

103
Q

HHV-5 (Disease caused)

A

Cytomegalic inclusion disease

104
Q

HHV-6 and HHV-7 (Disease caused)

A

Exanthem subitum

105
Q

HHV-8 (Disease caused)

A

Kaposi sarcoma

CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) (39 decks)

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