FINAL 01 - Viral Exanthems, Mumps, Poxviridae, and Herpesviridae Flashcards
1
Q
Refers to skin rash
A
Exanthem
2
Q
Refers to mucous membrane rash
A
Enanthem
3
Q
Refers to a flat discoloration (<1 cm)
A
Macule
4
Q
Refers to a circumscribed elevated lesion (<1 cm)
A
Papule
5
Q
Refers to an elevated lesion containing clear fluid (<5 mm)
A
Vesicle
6
Q
Refers to a large vesicle (>5 mm)
A
Bulla
7
Q
Refers to loss of full thickness dermis/epidermis; eroded lesion
A
Ulcer
8
Q
Refers to pinpoint, hemorrhagic lesion
A
Petechia
9
Q
Refers to small, solid lesion, detectable by touch
A
Nodule
10
Q
Refers to a nodule with a horny surface (WV)
A
Wart/Verraca
11
Q
Refers to a lesion with pus
A
Pustule
12
Q
Includes rubeola, measles, hard measles, 14-day measles, Morbili; caused by Measles virus (Viral exanthem disease number)
A
1st disease
13
Q
Includes scarlet fever and scarlatina; caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Viral exanthem disease number)
A
2nd disease
14
Q
Includes rubella, German measles, and 3-day measles; caused by Rubella virus (Viral exanthem disease number)
A
3rd disease
15
Q
Includes Filatov-Dukes disease, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, and Ritter disease; caused by Staphylococcus aureus (Viral exanthem disease number)
A
4th disease
16
Q
Includes erythema infectiosum; caused by Erythrovirus (parvovirus) B19 (Viral exanthem disease number)
A
5th disease
17
Q
Includes exanthem subitum, roseola infantum, “sudden rash”, rose rash of infants, and 3-day fever; caused by Human herpes virus 6B or human herpes virus 7 (Viral exanthem disease number)
A
6th disease
18
Q
Also known as rubeola/14-day measles; caused by Measles virus of Paramyxoviridae and is airborne (Viral exanthem 1st disease)
A
Measles
19
Q
Causative agent of measles
A
Measles virus (Paramyxoviridae family)
20
Q
A family of viruses larger than Orthomyxoviridae; causes mumps and measles
A
Paramyxoviridae
21
Q
Characterized by fever, 3 Cs (cough, coryza, conjunctivitis), Koplik spots, and lymphopenia (Stages of measles)
A
Prodromal period
22
Q
Characterized by light pink, discrete maculopapules that coalesce to form blotches, becoming brownish in 5-10 days (Stages of measles)
A
Rash
23
Q
Most common complication of measles
A
Otitis media
24
Q
Most common life-threatening complication of measles
A
2° bacterial pneumonia
25
Rare late complication of measles
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
26
Treatment for measles
Vitamin A
27
Prevention for measles
Live attenuated vaccine (May be alone or in combination [MMR])
28
Also known as German measles/3-day measles; caused by Rubella virus of Togaviridae and is airborne (Viral exanthem 3rd disease)
Rubella
29
Causative agent of rubella
Rubella virus (Togaviridae family)
30
The mildest of the common viral exanthems; characterized by malaise, low-grade fever, morbiliform rash, Forchheimer spots, and transient arthralgia and arthritis
Rubella
31
Rash present in rubella
Morbiliform rash
32
Nonspecific spots present in rubella
Forchheimer spots
33
Prevention of rubella
Live attenuated vaccine as MMR
34
An in utero infection; characterized by a triad of cataracts, cardiac abnormalities, and congenital sensorineural deafness, and mental retardation (Viral exanthem 3rd disease)
Congenital rubella syndrome
35
Caused by Parvovirus B19 of Parvoviridae; spread thru droplets and in utero (Viral exanthem 5th disease)
Erythema infectiosum
36
Causative agent of erythema infectiosum
Parvovirus B19 (Parvoviridae family)
37
Characterized by flu-like symptoms (Phases of erythema infectiosum)
1st phase
38
Characterized by erythematous facial rash (a slapped cheek appearance) and arthralgia (Phases of erythema infectiosum)
2nd phase
39
A family of small animal DNA viruses; an example of single stranded DNA virus
Parvoviridae
40
Characterized by cutaneous rash and arthralgia/arthritis (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)
Erythema infectiosum
41
Characterized by severe acute anemia (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)
Transient aplastic crisis
42
Characterized by chronic anemia (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)
Pure red cell aplasia
43
Characterized by fatal anemia (Other diseases caused by Parvovirus B19)
Hydrops fetalis
44
Caused by mumps virus of Paramyxoviridae; it is airborne and characterized by parotitis, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, orchitis, and oophoritis
Mumps
45
Causative agent of mumps
Mumps virus (Paramyxoviridae family)
46
Refers to inflammation of the parotid glands (Clinical findings of mumps)
Parotitis
47
Refers to inflammation of the meninges; is tested negative for bacteria (Clinical findings of mumps)
Aseptic meningitis
48
Refers to inflammation of the brain (Clinical findings of mumps)
Encephalitis
49
Refers to inflammation of the testicles (Clinical findings of mumps)
Orchitis
50
Refers to inflammation of the ovaries (Clinical findings of mumps)
Oophoritis
51
Prevention for mumps
Live attenuated vaccine as MMR
52
A family of viruses that includes the largest and most complex animal viruses; is brick-shaped or ovoid
Poxviridae
53
2 genus of poxviruses that can cause disease in humans (OP)
Orthopoxvirus, Parapoxvirus
54
Caused by variola major and minor and is airborne; is the first disease to be eradicated using cowpox and could be introduced as a bioweapon (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)
Smallpox
55
Is effective as a prophylaxis but not useful in established disease (Prevention for smallpox)
Methisazone
56
Replaced the cowpox vaccine/Variolae vaccinae (Prevention for smallpox)
Live vaccinia vaccine
57
Refers to the old practice of deliberate infection w/ mild forms of the disease (Prevention for smallpox)
Variolation
58
Is transmitted through direct contact with infected animals; milder than other pox diseases and historically used in the vaccine against smallpox (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)
Cowpox
59
Is transmitted through direct contact with infected wild animal or person; is a rare zoonosis, is characterized by lymphadenopathy, and has a fatality of ~10% (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)
Monkeypox
60
Transmitted through direct and indirect contact; characterized by benign epidermal tumor or small, pink, wart-like tumors and occurs only in humans (Diseases caused by Poxviridae)
Molluscum contagiosum
61
Causative agent of Molluscum contagiosum
Molluscipoxvirus
62
A family of viruses that causes a wide spectrum of diseases; has the ability to establish lifelong persistent infections and to undergo periodic reactivation
Herpesviridae
63
Term that describes the spreading nature of skin lesions
L. herpes (Creep)
64
A primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection affects the __________
Mucous membranes
65
A latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection affects the __________
Ganglion
66
Due to HSV-1, characterized by gingivostomatitis and pharyngitis (first infection) and herpes labialis/cold sores and intraoral herpes simplex (second infection) (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)
Oropharyngeal disease
67
Oropharyngeal disease is caused by __________
HSV-1
68
Herpes genitalis/Genital herpes is caused by __________
HSV-2
69
Due to HSV-2; characterized by painful vesiculoulcerative lesions w/ itching, dysuria, vaginal and urethral discharge, and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)
Herpes genitalis/Genital herpes
70
Includes Herpetic whitlow, Herpes gladiatorum, and Eczema herpeticum (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)
Skin infections
71
Occurs in utero, during birth, or after birth; characterized by lesions localized to the skin, eye, and mouth (Clinical findings of Herpes simplex virus)
Neonatal herpes
72
Characterized by malaise, fever, and rash (Clinical findings of Varicella-zoster virus)
Varicella (Chickenpox)
73
Characterized by dermatomal pain and vesicles, the trunk, head, and neck is most commonly affected (Clinical findings of Varicella-zoster virus)
Herpes zoster (Shingles)
74
Complication of Herpes zoster (Shingles) that is characterized by protracted pain that may continue for months
Postherpetic neuralgia
75
Characterized by cicatricial skin scarring in a zoster-like distribution, limb hypoplasia, neurologic system abnormalities, eye abnormalities, renal system abnormalities, and ANS abnormalities (Clinical findings of Varicella-zoster virus)
Congenital varicella syndrome
76
4 treatments for Varicella-zoster virus required in neonates and immunocompromised (AVFF)
Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, Foscarnet
77
Prevention of Varicella-zoster virus used for postexposure prophylaxis of high-risk patients
VariZIG
78
The most common cause of congenital infection; has the largest content of the human herpesviruses and is transmitted through prolonged contact and in utero (HHV-5)
Cytomegalovirus
79
Cytomegalovirus causes infectious mononucleosis-like disease in __________ hosts
Immunocompetent hosts
80
Cytomegalovirus causes pneumonia, colitis, retinitis, hepatitis, or disseminated infection in __________ hosts
Immunocompromised hosts
81
Characterized by IUGR, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, microcephaly, and retinitis (Clinical findings of cytomegalovirus)
Cytomegalic inclusion disease
82
Transmitted through infected saliva through deep kissing; immortalizes B lymphocytes (HHV-4)
Epstein-Barr virus
83
Characterized by headache, low-grade fever, malaise, fatigue, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes and spleen, and lymphocytosis (Clinical findings of Epstein-Barr virus)
Infectious mononucleosis (Kissing disease)
84
Cancer that affects those younger than 40, starts in the upper body, and is predictable (Clinical findings of Epstein-Barr virus)
Hodgkin lymphoma
85
Cancer that affects those older than 60, starts throughout the body, and is unpredictable (Clinical findings of Epstein-Barr virus)
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
86
2 T-lymphotropic human herpesviruses; transmitted through oral secretions and causes Exanthem subitum/Roseola infantum/6th disease
HHV-6, HHV-7
87
Characterized by high fever and Nagayama spots (Clinical findings of HHV-6 and HHV-7) (ER6)
Exanthem subitum/Roseola infantum/6th disease
88
Characterized by erythematous papules of the soft palate and base of the uvula; a symptom of Exanthem subitum/Roseola infantum/6th disease (Clinical findings of HHV-6 and HHV-7)
Nagayama spots
89
Infects B lymphocytes, macrophages, and both endothelial and epithelial cells; transmitted through oral secretions, sexually, vertically, by blood, or organ transplants (HHV-8)
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)
90
Characterized by vascular tumors of mixed cellular composition (Clinical findings of KSHV)
Kaposi sarcoma
91
HHV-1 (Common name)
Herpes simplex virus 1
92
HHV-2 (Common name)
Herpes simplex virus 2
93
HHV-3 (Common name)
Varicella-Zoster virus
94
HHV-4 (Common name)
Epstein-Barr virus
95
HHV-5 (Common name)
Cytomegalovirus
96
HHV-6 (Common name)
Human herpesvirus 6
97
HHV-7 (Common name)
Human herpesvirus 7
98
HHV-8 (Common name)
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
99
HHV-1 (Disease caused)
Oropharyngeal herpes
100
HHV-2 (Disease caused)
Genital herpes
101
HHV-3 (2 disease caused) (CS)
Chickenpox, Shingles
102
HHV-4 (Disease caused)
Infectious mononucleosis
103
HHV-5 (Disease caused)
Cytomegalic inclusion disease
104
HHV-6 and HHV-7 (Disease caused)
Exanthem subitum
105
HHV-8 (Disease caused)
Kaposi sarcoma
