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[2ND YEAR] CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) > FINAL 06 - Enteroviruses and Respiratory Viruses > Flashcards

FINAL 06 - Enteroviruses and Respiratory Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

A genus of viruses that are members of the Picornaviridae family; are transient inhabitants of the human alimentary tract

A

Enteroviruses

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2
Q

Most common form; characterized by fever, malaise and drowsiness (Clinical findings of poliovirus)

A

Abortive/mild disease

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3
Q

Characterized by stiffness and pain in the back and neck; rarely progresses to paralysis (Clinical findings of poliovirus)

A

Nonparalytic poliomyelitis (Aseptic meningitis)

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4
Q

Characterized by flaccid paralysis resulting from lower motor neuron damage; causes residual paralysis (Clinical findings of poliovirus)

A

Paralytic poliomyelitis

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5
Q

Characterized by recrudescence of paralysis and muscle wasting decades after paralysis; more common in women (Clinical findings of poliovirus)

A

Progressive poliomyelitis muscle atrophy (Postpolio syndrome)

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6
Q

Contains formalinized virus; induces production of plasma IgG and IgM (Poliovirus vaccine)

A

Salk/Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)

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7
Q

Contains live attenuated virus; induces production of IgG, IgM, and intestinal IgA (Poliovirus vaccine)

A

Sabin/Oral polio vaccine (OPV)

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8
Q

Characterized by fever, malaise, headache, nausea, and abdominal pain (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus A and B)

A

Aseptic meningitis

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9
Q

Characterized by acute onset of fever, malaise, and headache (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus A and B)

A

Nonspecific febrile illness (Summer Grippe)

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10
Q

Characterized by oral and pharyngeal ulcerations and a vesicular rash of the palms and soles (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus A)

A

Hand, foot, and mouth disease

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11
Q

Characterized by severe febrile pharyngitis and discrete vesicles on the posterior half of the palate (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus A)

A

Herpangina

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12
Q

Characterized by severe eye pain, blurred vision, photophobia, and watery discharge (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus A)

A

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

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13
Q

Most common cause of viral heart disease; causes pleurodynia, myocarditis, pericarditis, and generalized disease of infants

A

Coxsackievirus B

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14
Q

Characterized by sudden fever and stabbing chest pain, sometimes preceded by malaise, headache, and anorexia (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus B)

A

Pleurodynia/Epidemic myalgia/Bornholm disease

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15
Q

Characterized by acute inflammation of the heart or its covering membranes (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus B)

A

Myocarditis and Pericarditis

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16
Q

An extremely serious disease in which the infant is overwhelmed by a simultaneous infection of multiple organs, including the heart, liver, and brain (Clinical findings of Coxsackievirus B)

A

Generalized disease of infants

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17
Q

A family of viruses that cause aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, febrile illnesses with or without rash, common colds, and ocular disease

A

Echovirus (Enteric, cytopathogenic, human orphan viruses)

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18
Q

An enterovirus that is the chief cause of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

A

Enterovirus 70

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19
Q

A family of viruses that includes the parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human metapneumovirus

A

Paramyxoviridae

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20
Q

Most common cause of common colds/URTI and the most common viral culprit in asthma exacerbation (Genus of respiratory viruses)

A

Rhinovirus

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21
Q

Has the largest genome among RNA viruses; causes common colds, LRTI, and gastroenteritis (Genus of respiratory viruses)

A

Coronaviridae

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22
Q

Club or petal-shaped projections in Coronaviridae that are widely spaced on the outer surface of the envelope

A

Solar corona

23
Q

Caused serious respiratory illness including pneumonia and progressive respiratory failure; an outbreak of it happened in 2003 in Southern China (Members of Coronaviridae)

A

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-COV)

24
Q

Caused pneumonia and respiratory failure; an outbreak of it happened in 2012 in Saudi Arabia (Members of Coronaviridae)

A

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-COV)

25
Q

Its outbreak started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China; it was declared as a pandemic on March 11, 2020 (Clinical findings of SARS-COV-2)

A

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

26
Q

Incubation period of COVID-19

A

2-14 days (5 days on average)

27
Q

Gold standard for diagnosis of COVID-19

A

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)

28
Q

A virus that is member of the Orthomyxoviridae family; has 2 glycoprotein spikes in its envelope

29
Q

The influenza virus is part of the __________ family

A

Orthomyxoviridae family

30
Q

2 glycoprotein spikes in influenza virus envelope (HA, NA)

A

Hemagglutinin, Neuraminidase

31
Q

Binds virus particles to susceptible cells (Glycoprotein spikes in influenza envelope)

A

Hemagglutinin (HA)

32
Q

Facilitates release of virus particles from infected cell (Glycoprotein spikes in influenza envelope)

A

Neuraminidase (NA)

33
Q

Involves minor changes; accumulation of point mutations resulting in AA changes in antigens (Influenza antigenic variation)

A

Antigenic drift

34
Q

Involves major changes; drastic changes in the AA sequence of antigens (Influenza antigenic variation)

A

Antigenic shift

35
Q

Refers to the combination of parental gene segments when a cell is coinfected by two different viruses; happens in influenza viruses

A

Genetic reassortment

36
Q

Highly antigenic variable; the only strain that causes pandemics; infects humans and animals (Influenza virus types)

A

Influenza A

37
Q

May exhibit antigenic changes; sometimes causes epidemics; infects humans only (Influenza virus types)

A

Influenza B

38
Q

Antigenically stable; causes sporadic cases; infects humans and swine (Influenza virus types)

A

Influenza C

39
Q

Characterized by sudden onset of chills, headache, and dry cough in Influenza A and B; characterized by common cold in influenza C (Clinical findings of influenza)

A

Uncomplicated influenza

40
Q

Occurs in elderly adults and debilitated individuals; can be viral, secondary bacterial, or a combination of the two (Clinical findings of influenza)

41
Q

An acute encephalopathy of children and adolescents; a rare complication of influenza A and B, and herpesvirus varicella-zoster infections (Clinical findings of influenza)

A

Reye syndrome

42
Q

Grown in embryonated eggs or cell lines; not to be used for people with allergy to egg protein (Vaccines for Influenza A and B)

A

Inactivated vaccine

43
Q

Is administered intranasally (Vaccines for Influenza A and B)

A

Live attenuated vaccine

44
Q

A virus that is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family; causes croup

A

Parainfluenza virus

45
Q

Parainfluenza virus is a member of the __________ family

A

Paramyxoviridae family

46
Q

A respiratory obstruction caused by swelling of the larynx; characterized by inspiration (stridor) associated with a barky cough (Clinical findings of parainfluenza virus)

A

Croup (Laryngotracheitis)

47
Q

A virus that is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family; is the most important cause of LRTI in infants and young children

A

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

48
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a member of the __________ family

A

Paramyxoviridae family

49
Q

Inflammation or infection of the bronchioles, the smallest and most highly resistant airways (Clinical findings of RSV)

A

Bronchiolitis

50
Q

2 treatment for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (RP)

A

Ribavirin, Palivizumab

51
Q

Prophylaxis of RSV hospitalization

A

Palivizumab

52
Q

A member of the Paramyxoviridae family; is less virulent than RSV; causes cough, coryza, and wheezing

A

Human metapneumovirus

53
Q

Human metapneumovirus is a member of the __________ family

A

Paramyxoviridae family

[2ND YEAR] CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) (39 decks)

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