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CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) > FINAL 07 - Introduction to Fungi > Flashcards

FINAL 07 - Introduction to Fungi Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Are eukaryotic organisms that are nonmotile and has rigid cell walls

A

Fungi

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2
Q

Made up of unbranched polymer of β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (Components of fungi cell wall)

A

Chitin

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3
Q

Made up of glucose polymers (Components of fungi cell wall)

A

Glucans

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4
Q

Made up of polymers of mannose (Components of fungi cell wall)

A

Mannans

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5
Q

Found in dematiaceous fungi (Components of fungi cell wall)

A

Melanin

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6
Q

Are unicellular fungi that are nonfilamentous, with spherical/oval cells, and is facultatively anaerobic

A

Yeast

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7
Q

Are multicellular fungi that are filamentous

A

Mold

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8
Q

Refers to the body of mold that is formed by mycelium; composed of hyphae and spores

A

Thallus

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9
Q

Refers to a mass of intertwined hyphae found in the thallus (body) of mold

A

Mycelium

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10
Q

2 components of thallus (body) of mold (HS)

A

Hyphae, Spores

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11
Q

Long filaments of cells joined together (Components of thallus/body of mold)

A

Hyphae

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12
Q

Have cross-walls between uninucleated cells (Types of hyphae)

A

Septate hyphae

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13
Q

Have long continuous cells with many nuclei (Types of hyphae)

A

Coenocytic hyphae

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14
Q

Penetrate the supporting medium, anchor the colony, and absorb nutrients (Types of hyphae)

A

Vegetative/substrate hyphae

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15
Q

Project above the surface of the mycelium and bear reproductive spores (Types of hyphae)

A

Reproductive/aerial hyphae

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16
Q

Fungi that exhibit 2 forms of growth, either as mold or yeast; is temperature-dependent

A

Dimorphic fungi

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17
Q

At __________°C, dimorphic fungi is yeastlike; they reproduce by budding

A

37°C

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18
Q

At __________°C, dimorphic fungi is moldlike; they produce hyphae

A

25°C

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19
Q

Divide unevenly (Types of yeasts)

A

Budding yeasts

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20
Q

Are short chain of cells formed by buds that fail to detach themselves

A

Pseudohyphae

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21
Q

Divide evenly (Types of yeasts)

A

Fission yeasts

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22
Q

Spores formed from the hyphae of 1 parent organism via mitosis (Types of spores)

A

Asexual spores

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23
Q

2 types of asexual spores (CS)

A

Condiospore/Conidium, Sporangiospore

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24
Q

Spores not enclosed within a sac at the end of an aerial hyphae (Types of asexual spores)

A

Condiospore/Conidium

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25
Q

Spores enclosed within a sac at the end of an aerial hyphae (Types of asexual spores)

A

Sporangiospore

26
Q

Spores formed from the fusion of nuclei of 2 opposite mating strains of the same species (Types of spores)

A

Sexual spores

27
Q

3 phases of sexual reproduction of spores (PKM)

A

Plasmogamy, Karyogamy, Meiosis

28
Q

A haploid nucleus of a donor cell penetrates the cytoplasm of a recipient cell (Phases of sexual reproduction of spores)

A

Plasmogamy

29
Q

The donor and recipient cell nuclei fuse to form a diploid zygote nucleus (Phases of sexual reproduction of spores)

A

Karyogamy

30
Q

The diploid nucleus gives rise to haploid nuclei (sexual spores), some of which may be genetic recombinants (Phases of sexual reproduction of spores)

A

Meiosis

31
Q

Sexual stage (Fungal life cycle)

A

Teleomorph

32
Q

Asexual stage (Fungal life cycle)

A

Anamorph

33
Q

Whole fungus, including the anamorph and teleomorph (Fungal life cycle)

A

Holomorph

34
Q

Has both sexual and asexual stage (Fungal life cycle)

A

Perfect fungi

35
Q

Has asexual stage only; no sexual stage (Fungal life cycle)

A

Imperfect fungi

36
Q

Refers to conjugation fungi; are saprophytic molds with coenocytic hyphae

A

Zygomycota

37
Q

Sexual spores of zygomycota are called __________

A

Zygospores

38
Q

Asexual spores of zygomycota are called __________

A

Sporangiospore

39
Q

Zygomycota is now split into __________ and __________ (MZ)

A

Mucoromycota, Zoopagomycota

40
Q

Are unusual eukaryotes because they lack mitochondria; they do not have microtubules and are obligate intracellular parasites

A

Microsporidia

41
Q

Refers to sac fungi; are molds with septate hyphae and has the largest fungal division

A

Ascomycota

42
Q

Sexual spores of ascomycota are called __________

A

Ascospores

43
Q

Asexual spores of ascomycota are called __________

A

Conidiospores

44
Q

Refers to club fungi; it includes mushrooms

A

Basidiomycota

45
Q

Sexual spores of basidiomycota are called __________

A

Basidiospores

46
Q

Asexual spores of basidiomycota are called __________

A

Conidiospores

47
Q

Caused by ingestion of toxic mushroom (Fungal diseases)

A

Mycetismus

48
Q

Caused by ingestion of fungal toxin produced by molds (Fungal diseases)

A

Mycotoxicosis

49
Q

Characterized by rhinitis, bronchial asthma, alveolitis, and generalized pneumonitis; caused by fungal spores (Fungal diseases)

A

Hypersensitivity

50
Q

Refers to fungal infection; may be superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, primary systemic, and opportunistic systemic (Fungal diseases)

A

Mycosis

51
Q

Also known as fly agaric; causes mycetismus

A

Amanita muscaria

52
Q

Also known as death cap; causes mycetismus

A

Amanita phalloides

53
Q

Acquired from rye or other cereal grains; can restrict blood flow in the limbs (Examples of mycotoxicosis)

A

Ergot poisoning

54
Q

Ergot poisoning is caused by __________

A

Claviceps purpurea

55
Q

Aflatoxin poisoning is caused by __________

A

Aspergillus flavus

56
Q

Acquired from peanuts; causes cirrhosis and cancer of the liver (Examples of mycotoxicosis)

A

Aflatoxin poisoning

57
Q

Localized along hair shafts and in superficial epidermal cells (Types of mycoses)

A

Superficial mycoses

58
Q

Keratinized tissues such as skin, hair, and nails; transmitted through direct contact (Types of mycoses)

A

Cutaneous mycoses

59
Q

Tissues beneath the skin; transmitted through direct implantation of spores into a puncture wound in the skin (Types of mycoses)

A

Subcutaneous

60
Q

Many organs deep within the body; transmitted through inhalation (Types of mycoses)

A

Primary systemic

CCP 5 - Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Parasitology (Lec) (39 decks)

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