Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBBS - Year 1 > Paediatric MSK conditions > Flashcards

Paediatric MSK conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Common paeds fractures

A

Growth plate

Supracondylar humeral - must go straight to theatre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Special types of fractures in paeds

A

Buckle

Greenstick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Greenstick fractures

A

Only half a cortex is broken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What determines whether surgery is required for a fracture

A

Stability

Alignment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Neuromuscular assessment

A 
Pain 
Pulse 
Pallor 
Paraesthesia 
Paralysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fracture effects on bone growth

A

Sometimes grow longer (extensive bone length)

Can also grow shorter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)

A

Britle bond disorder - congenital
Defeciency of type 1 collagen
Multiple types, ranging in severity
Treat w/ bisphosphonates and lifestyle modifications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Infection red flags

A 
ESR 
CRP 
Temp > 38
Inability to weight bear 
Kocher criteria for septic arthritis and osteomyelitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Osteomyelitis in children

A

More common > 10 yrs
Haemotogenous spread
Affects boys > girls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Presentation of osteomyelitis in children

A

Gradual onset of pain
Unable to weight bear
Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Predisposing factors for osteomyelitis in children

A

Diabetes
Immune compromise
Preceding trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes of osteomyelitis

A 
Staph A (MRSA, PVLSA)
Group B strep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Management of osteomyelitis

A

Abx

Rarely surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Septic arthritis in children

A

More common < 2 yrs
70% affect hip or knee
Main ddx is Transient synovitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Presentation of septic arthritis in children

A

Acute onset
Systemic symptoms
Fever
Unwillingness to move joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Predisposing factors for septic arthritis in children

A

NICU pt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Causes of septic arthritis in children

A

Group B strep
Staph A
N. gonorrhoeae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Management of septic arthritis in children

A

Abx (6 weeks)
Aspiration
incision and drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cancers in children - bone pain

A

1’ malignancy is rare, but common in children
Most commonly osteosarcoma
Haematological cancers can also present as bone pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Primary investigations for cancer in children

A

CBC

Blood film

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

B symptoms for cancer in children

A 
Anorexia 
Wt loss
Pain that wakes them up at night 
Fatigue 
NIght sweats
22
Q

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

A

Underdevelopment of the hip joint at birth
in late presentations, there may be a limp
Usually seen in those 0-3

23
Q

Investigating DDH

A

Xrays and ultrasound

24
Q

Risk factors for DDH

A

Family hx
Females
Breech
Talipes

25
Q

Newborn screening for DDH

A

Barlow (dislocation)

Ortolani (relocation)

26
Q

Treatment of DDH

A

Pavlik harness

Few require open reduction

27
Q

Types of leg length discrepancy

A

True

Apparent

28
Q

Cause of true leg length discrepancy

A

Fractures and injuries

29
Q

Cause of apparent leg length discrepancy

A

Scoliosis

30
Q

Classification of length length discrepancy

A

More than 2cm difference

31
Q

Causes of leg length discrepancy

A

DDH
Muscle spasticity
Growth plate injury

32
Q

Leg length discrepancy in children

A

Mainly seen in 0-3 yrs
Gradual onset/ longstanding symptoms
If severe, consider surgical management

33
Q

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Affects those 3-10yrs
Normally affects multiple joints
Gradual onset, persisting
May have systemic symptoms

34
Q

Joints affected in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Knees > wrists > ankle > hip > spine

35
Q

Treatment of JIA

A

Anti-infl and immunomodulating drugs

36
Q

Perthes’ disease

A

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head leading to collapse
Unclear cause
Affects boys > girls

37
Q

Risk factors for Perthes’ disease

A

Passive smoking
Breech presentation
Family hx

38
Q

Conservative treatment for Perthes’ disease

A

Physio - potential for healing
Immobilise hip
Avoidance of high impact activity

39
Q

Surgical treatment for Perthes’ disease

A

Femoral osteotomy
Pelvic osteotomy
Hip distraction
Salvage procedure (containment)

40
Q

Osteotomy

A

Removing osteophytes

41
Q

Transient synovitis

A

Reactive infl of the synonym, 2’ to viral infection
Acute onset of joint pain/ limp following URTI
Self limiting illness
Seen in 2-12 yrs, usually boys (70%)

42
Q

Management of transient synovitis

A

Analgesia - NSAIDs

Resolves spontaneously

43
Q

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis

A

Mostly seen in fat, pre-pubertal boys (carry most of their weight in their trunk)
25% are bilateral
Can be acute or chronic

44
Q

Presentation of SUFE

A

Groin, hip or knee pain
Antalgic gait
Difficulty abducting hip/ leg

45
Q

Management of SUFE

A

Percutaneous pinning

46
Q

Still’s disease

A

Adult - onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis

47
Q

Presentation of Still’s disease

A

A salmon pink macular rash, arthralgia, myalgia, and a spiking high fever

48
Q

Bloods for Still’s disease

A

Elevated ESR, WCC and ferritin

Sero-ve

49
Q

Treatment for Still’s

A

NSAIDs

50
Q

What is crepitus a clinical sign of

A

Joint damage

51
Q

Clinical signs of joint infl

A

Stiffness
Effusion
Increased warmth
Soft tissue swelling

52
Q

Ix for transient synovitis

A

Ultrasound guided hip aspiration

MBBS - Year 1 (93 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions