Biochem - Chronic Diseas

Question 1

Overview of carbs

Answer 1

Most abundant organic molecule in nature 
Energy source 
Energy storage
Structural component 
Immune function

Question 2

Sugar units in a monosaccharide

Answer 2

1

Question 3

Sugar units in a disaccharide

Answer 3

2

Question 4

Sugar units in an oligosaccharide

Answer 4

3 to 10

Question 5

Sugar units in a polysaccharide

Answer 5

11 to >100

Question 6

How are monosaccharides classified

Answer 6

No. carbons

Functional group

Question 7

Generic name for 3 carbon monosaccharides

Answer 7

Trioses

Question 8

Generic name for 4 carbon monosaccharides

Answer 8

Tetroses

Question 9

Generic name for 5 carbon monosaccharides

Answer 9

Pentoses

Question 10

Generic name for 6 carbon monosaccharides

Answer 10

Hexoses

Question 11

Generic name for 7 carbon monosaccharides

Answer 11

Heptoses

Question 12

Generic name for 9 carbon monosaccharides

Answer 12

Nonoses

Question 13

Aldoses

Answer 13

Aldehyde functional group

-ose

Question 14

Ketoses

Answer 14

Ketone functional group

-ulose

Question 15

Isomers

Answer 15

Compounds w/ same chemical formula but diff structures

Question 16

Epimers

Answer 16

Carbohydrate isomers that differ in configuration around only one spp C atom are defined as epimers of each other

Question 17

Enantiomers

Answer 17

Pairs of structures that are mirror images of each other

Question 18

Cyclicization of monosaccharides

Answer 18

Pyranose ring

Furanose ring

Question 19

Pyranose rings

Answer 19

5 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Question 20

Furanose rings

Answer 20

4 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Question 21

Common monosaccharides

Answer 21

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

Question 22

Info about glucose

Answer 22

Primary energy source
Preferred energy source of brain
Required energy source of cells w/ few or no mitochondria
Essential in exercising muscle

Question 23

Sources of glucose

Answer 23

Diet
Degradation of glycogen
Gluconeogenesis

Question 24

Taste of fructose

Answer 24

Sweeter than glucose

Question 25

Sources of fructose

Answer 25

Fruits Vegetables Honey

Question 26

Taste of galactose

Answer 26

Less sweet than glucose

Question 27

Source of galactose

Answer 27

Dairy products

Question 28

Common disaccharides

Answer 28

Sucrose Maltose Lactose

Question 29

Sucrose

Answer 29

glucose + fructose, alpha (1 --->2)beta-glycosidic bond

Question 30

Maltose

Answer 30

Glucose + glucose, alpha(1---> 4)-glycosidic bond

Question 31

Lactose

Answer 31

Glucose + galactose, beta(1 ---> 4)-glycosidic bond

Question 32

Examples of polysaccharides

Answer 32

Cellulose Starch Glycogen

Question 33

Cellulose

Answer 33

Structural polysaccharides | beta 1 --> 4 glycosidic bond between glucose and glucose

Question 34

Starch

Answer 34

Storage polysaccharide, alpha(1--->4)-glycosidic bond between glucose and glucose Amylose – unbranched, only alpha(1→4) linkages Amylopectin - branched,

Question 35

Glycogen

Answer 35

Storage polysaccharide | alpha 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds