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MICROPARA > NEGATIVE SENSE RNA | ENVELOPED PART 2 > Flashcards

NEGATIVE SENSE RNA | ENVELOPED PART 2 Flashcards

1
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS

has affinity to ____

A

mucin

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2
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS

includes most important agents that causes ____

A

respiratory infections

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3
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS

most important antigenic structures

A

hemagglutinin
neuraminidase
fusion protein

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4
Q
  • Common cold syndrome
  • Type 1 and 2 – croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
  • Type 3 – bronchiolitis and pneumonia
  • The common complication is otitis media
A

PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA

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5
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA

disease

A

common cold syndrome

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6
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA

  • type 1 & 2
  • swelling of trachea
A

croup
laryngotracheobronchitis

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7
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA

  • type 3
  • the spread of the infection in LRT
A

bronchiolitis & pneumonia

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8
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA

  • common complication
  • infection of the middle ear
A

otitis media

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9
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA

DOC for LRT infections

A

Ribavirin

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10
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

it is called syncytial because ____

A

Fusion protein forms a multinucleated giant cell called syncysia

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11
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

POE

A

pharynx

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12
Q
  • Most important cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children – bronchiolitis and pneumonia
  • Common cold
  • Reinfection is common
  • An important cause of otitis media
  • Ribavirin is approved for LRT infections
  • A similar virus was described in 2001
A

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

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13
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

most important cause of ____ in infants and young children

A

LRT illness

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14
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

disease in infants and young children

A

bronchiolitis
pneumonia

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15
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

most distinct clinical syndrome observed

A

bronchiolitis

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16
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

____ is common

A

reinfection

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17
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

an important cause of ____

A

otitis media

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18
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

DOC

A

Ribavirin

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19
Q

RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

a similar virus that was described in 2001

A

human metapneumovirus

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20
Q
  • Mild childhood disease
  • Virus is transmitted by direct contact, airborne droplets, or fomites
  • highly contagious - requires a much closer contact compared to chickenpox & measles
A

MUMPS

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21
Q

MUMPS

disease is ____

(strength)

A

mild

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22
Q

MUMPS

disease is for what age range

A

5-9 years old

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23
Q

MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

Enlargement of the ____

A

parotid glands

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24
Q

MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

parotid glands are also known as

A

salivary glands

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25
Q

MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

brain infections

A

aseptic meningitis
meningoencephalitis

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26
Q

MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

inflammation of testicles

A

orchitis

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27
Q

MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

inflammation of ovary

A

oophoritis

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28
Q

one of the most frequent causes of viral aseptic menignitis

together with Coxsackie & Echovirus

A

MUMPS

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29
Q

MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

orchitis may cause sterility if

A

infection is bilateral

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30
Q

MUMPS | PREVENTION

  • vaccine
  • gives lifetime immunity
  • usually given w/ combination
A

Live attenuated vaccine (MMR)

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31
Q

what do you call those viruses that cause rash esp in children

A

viral exanthem

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32
Q
  • Acute, highly infectious disease characterized by fever, respiratory symptoms, conjunctivities (causes photophobia) and a maculopapular rash.
  • Kolpik spots – pathognomonic for measles (small, bluish white ulcerations on the buccal mucosa opposite the lower molars)
  • Most common complication is otitis media
  • Pneumonia caused by secondary bacterial infection is the most common life-threatening complication of measles
  • Acute encephalitis
  • SSPE (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) – rare late complication
A

MEASLES (RUBEOLA)

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33
Q

MEASLES

is also known as

A

rubeola

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34
Q

MEASLES

a clinical manifestation that causes photophobia

A

conjunctivitis

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35
Q

MEASLES

pathognomonic for measles (small, bluish white ulcerations on the buccal mucosa opposite the lower molars)

A

koplik spots

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36
Q

MEASLES

most common complication

A

otitis media

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37
Q

MEASLES

caused by secondary bacterial infection is the most common life-threatening complication of measles

A

pneumonia

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38
Q

MEASLES

a serious complication in children and adults with deficiencies in cell-mediated immunity

A

giant cell pneumonia

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39
Q

MEASLES

giant cell pneumonia is seen in adults & children with deficiencies in ____

A

cell mediated immunity

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40
Q

MEASLES

rare late complication

A

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

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41
Q

MEASLES

it causes ____ in pregnancy

A

still birth

42
Q

MEASLES

PREVENTION

A

Live attenuated vaccine - MMR

43
Q

no rashes, swelling of parotid glands

A

MUMPS

44
Q

has rashes

A

MEASLES

45
Q
  • bullet shaped
  • Genus Lyssavirus – rabies virus
  • Human transmission – by bite of a rabid animal
  • Incubation period is typically 1 – 3 months
A

RHABDOVIRUS

46
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

Genus

A

lyssavirus

47
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

disease

A

rabies

48
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

transmission

A

bite of rabid animal

49
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

incubation period

A

1-3 mos

50
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

shape

A

bullet shaped

51
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

the virus harbors in the ____ of the animal

A

saliva

52
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

incubation period is is shorter if the bite is ____

A

near the brain

53
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

when the virus is in the muscle, they ____

A

cannot be detected by the immune system

54
Q

RHABDOVIRUS

virus can enter the nervous system ____ in muscles

A

without replicating

55
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS

Infected nerve cells contain an

A

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions

56
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion is also called

A

negri bodies

57
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS

negri bodies are filled with

A

nucleocapsid of virus

58
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS

pathogenic of rabies

A

presence of eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion

59
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

how many phases

A

3

60
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

3 phases

A

prodromal
acute neurological phase
coma phase

61
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

  • Non-specific symptoms – malaise, anorexia, headache, photophobia, nausea, and vomiting, sore throat, and fever
  • short phase
  • lasts 2 - 10 days
A

prodromal phase

62
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

  • when the virus has reached the brain
  • signs of nervous system dysfunction, such as nervousness, apprehension, hallucinations, and bizarre behavior
  • General sympathetic overactivity is observed including lacrimation, pupillary dilatation, and salivation
  • May exhibit hydrophobia and aerophobia
  • Furious form – nervous system dysfunction
  • Dumb form – paralytic
A

acute neurological phase (rabies encephalitis)

63
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

acute neurological phase is also called

A

rabies encephalitis

64
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | FURIOUS FORM

observed including lacrimation, pupillary dilatation, and
salivation

A

general sympathetic overactivity

65
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | FURIOUS FORM

may exhibit ____ and ____

A

hydrophobia
aerophobia

66
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE

2 forms

A

furious
dumb

67
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE

  • General sympathetic overactivity is observed including lacrimation, pupillary dilatation, and salivation
  • May exhibit hydrophobia and aerophobia
  • nervous system dysfunction
  • bizarre behavior
A

furious form

68
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE

  • opposite of furious
  • behave, quiet because of paralysis
  • recovery and survival is rare
A

dumb phase

69
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

  • characterized by convulsive seizure or coma;
  • cardiorespiratory arrest
A

coma phase

70
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS

major cause of death

A

cardiorespiratory arrest

71
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

all vaccines are ___

A

killed/inactivated

72
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

inactivated with B-propiolactone

A

human diploid cell vaccine (HbCV)

73
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

another vaccine that is inactivated

A

purified chick embryo cell vaccine

74
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

administered 1 time only near the bite site

A

rabies immunoglobulin human (HRIG)

75
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

anti rabies serum is from

A

horses

76
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

they are administered at the same time but in different sites

A

vaccine & HIRG

77
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

for persons at high risk (0,7-,21- or 28- day interval)

A

preexposure prophylaxis

78
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

preexposure prophylaxis is given in how many doses

A

3 doses

79
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

passive and active (5 doses)

A

postexposure prophylaxis

80
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

postexposure prophylaxis is given in how many doses

A

5 doses

81
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

infection is a combination of ____ and ____ immunity

A

passive & active

82
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

passive immunity is gained from

A

HRIG
immunoglobulin

83
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

active immunity is gained by

A

vaccine

84
Q

RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION

vaccines are administered

A

intramuscularly

85
Q
  • The only double stranded RNA virus
  • Four genera affecting human: Orthoreovirus, Rotavirus, Coltivirus, Orbivirus
  • members of the family are isolated from the respiratory and enteric systems
A

REOVIRUS

86
Q

REOVIRUS

REO is an acronym for

A

respiratory
eneteric
orphan

87
Q

REOVIRUS

orphan because

A

not assoc with any disease

88
Q

REOVIRUS

how many genera affecting human

A

4

89
Q

REOVIRUS

4 genera affecting human

A

Orthoreovirus
Rotavirus
Coltivirus
Orbivirus

90
Q

REOVIRUS

  • Transmission – fecal oral
  • Infect cells in the villi of the small intestine
  • The single most important worldwide cause of gastrointestinal in young children
A

ROTAVIRUS

91
Q

ROTAVIRUS

transmission

A

fecal oral

92
Q

ROTAVIRUS

infect cells in the ____ of the small intestine

A

villi

93
Q

ROTAVIRUS

replication site

A

small intestine

94
Q

ROTAVIRUS

clinical manifestations

A

watery diarrhea
gastrointeritis in young children

95
Q

ROTAVIRUS

single most important worldwide cause of ____ in young children

A

gastroenteritis

96
Q

ROTAVIRUS

vaccines are given to ____ only

A

children

97
Q

ROTAVIRUS

Live attenuated vaccine

A

Rotarix

98
Q

ROTAVIRUS

Rotarix serotype

A

G1

99
Q

ROTAVIRUS

Live reassortant

A

Rotateq

100
Q

ROTAVIRUS

Rotateq serotypes

A

G1, 2, 3, 4, 9

MICROPARA (37 decks)

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