NEGATIVE SENSE RNA | ENVELOPED PART 2 Flashcards
1
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS
has affinity to ____
A
mucin
2
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS
includes most important agents that causes ____
A
respiratory infections
3
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS
most important antigenic structures
A
hemagglutinin
neuraminidase
fusion protein
4
Q
- Common cold syndrome
- Type 1 and 2 – croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
- Type 3 – bronchiolitis and pneumonia
- The common complication is otitis media
A
PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA
5
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA
disease
A
common cold syndrome
6
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA
- type 1 & 2
- swelling of trachea
A
croup
laryngotracheobronchitis
7
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA
- type 3
- the spread of the infection in LRT
A
bronchiolitis & pneumonia
8
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA
- common complication
- infection of the middle ear
A
otitis media
9
Q
PARAMYXOVIRUS | PARAINFLUENZA
DOC for LRT infections
A
Ribavirin
10
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
it is called syncytial because ____
A
Fusion protein forms a multinucleated giant cell called syncysia
11
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
POE
A
pharynx
12
Q
- Most important cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children – bronchiolitis and pneumonia
- Common cold
- Reinfection is common
- An important cause of otitis media
- Ribavirin is approved for LRT infections
- A similar virus was described in 2001
A
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
13
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
most important cause of ____ in infants and young children
A
LRT illness
14
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
disease in infants and young children
A
bronchiolitis
pneumonia
15
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
most distinct clinical syndrome observed
A
bronchiolitis
16
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
____ is common
A
reinfection
17
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
an important cause of ____
A
otitis media
18
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
DOC
A
Ribavirin
19
Q
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
a similar virus that was described in 2001
A
human metapneumovirus
20
Q
- Mild childhood disease
- Virus is transmitted by direct contact, airborne droplets, or fomites
- highly contagious - requires a much closer contact compared to chickenpox & measles
A
MUMPS
21
Q
MUMPS
disease is ____
(strength)
A
mild
22
Q
MUMPS
disease is for what age range
A
5-9 years old
23
Q
MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS
Enlargement of the ____
A
parotid glands
24
Q
MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS
parotid glands are also known as
A
salivary glands
25
# **MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
brain infections
aseptic meningitis
meningoencephalitis
26
# **MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
inflammation of **testicles**
orchitis
27
# **MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
inflammation of **ovary**
oophoritis
28
one of the **most frequent causes** of **viral aseptic menignitis**
| together with Coxsackie & Echovirus
MUMPS
29
# **MUMPS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
**orchitis** may cause **sterility** if
infection is bilateral
30
# **MUMPS | PREVENTION**
* vaccine
* gives **lifetime** immunity
* usually given w/ combination
Live attenuated vaccine (MMR)
31
what do you call those viruses that cause **rash** esp in **children**
viral exanthem
32
* Acute, **highly infectious** disease characterized by fever, respiratory symptoms, **conjunctivities (causes photophobia)** and a **maculopapular rash**.
* **Kolpik spots** – pathognomonic for measles (small, bluish white ulcerations on the buccal mucosa opposite the lower molars)
* Most **common complication** is **otitis media**
* **Pneumonia** caused by **secondary bacterial infection** is the most common **life-threatening** complication of measles
* **Acute** encephalitis
* **SSPE** (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) – rare late complication
MEASLES (RUBEOLA)
33
# **MEASLES**
is also known as
rubeola
34
# **MEASLES**
a clinical manifestation that causes **photophobia**
conjunctivitis
35
# **MEASLES**
**pathognomonic** for measles (small, **bluish white ulcerations** on the **buccal mucosa** opposite the lower molars)
koplik spots
36
# **MEASLES**
most common complication
otitis media
37
# **MEASLES**
caused by **secondary bacterial infection** is the most common **life-threatening complication** of measles
pneumonia
38
# **MEASLES**
a **serious complication** in **children** and **adults** with **deficiencies** in **cell-mediated immunity**
giant cell pneumonia
39
# **MEASLES**
**giant cell pneumonia** is seen in **adults** & **children** with **deficiencies** in ____
cell mediated immunity
40
# **MEASLES**
**rare late** complication
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)
41
# **MEASLES**
it causes ____ in **pregnancy**
still birth
42
# **MEASLES**
PREVENTION
Live attenuated vaccine - MMR
43
**no** rashes, **swelling** of **parotid glands**
MUMPS
44
**has** rashes
MEASLES
45
* **bullet shaped**
* Genus **Lyssavirus** – **rabies** virus
* Human transmission – by **bite** of a **rabid animal**
* Incubation period is typically **1 – 3 months**
RHABDOVIRUS
46
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
Genus
lyssavirus
47
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
disease
rabies
48
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
transmission
bite of rabid animal
49
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
incubation period
1-3 mos
50
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
shape
bullet shaped
51
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
the virus **harbors** in the ____ of the animal
saliva
52
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
incubation period is is **shorter** if the bite is ____
near the brain
53
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
when the virus is in the **muscle**, they ____
cannot be detected by the immune system
54
# **RHABDOVIRUS**
virus **can enter** the **nervous** system ____ in muscles
without replicating
55
# **RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS**
**Infected nerve cells** contain an
eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions
56
# **RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS**
**eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion** is also called
negri bodies
57
# **RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS**
**negri bodies** are filled with
nucleocapsid of virus
58
# **RHABDOVIRUS | PATHOGENESIS**
pathogenic of rabies
presence of eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion
59
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
how many phases
3
60
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
3 phases
prodromal
acute neurological phase
coma phase
61
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
* **Non-specific symptoms** – malaise, anorexia, headache, photophobia, nausea, and vomiting, sore throat, and fever
* **short** phase
* lasts **2 - 10 days**
prodromal phase
62
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
* when the virus has **reached** the **brain**
* signs of **nervous system dysfunction**, such as nervousness, apprehension, hallucinations, and bizarre behavior
* **General sympathetic overactivity** is observed including **lacrimation**, **pupillary dilatation**, and **salivation**
* May exhibit **hydrophobia** and **aerophobia**
* **Furious** form – nervous system dysfunction
* **Dumb** form – paralytic
acute neurological phase (rabies encephalitis)
63
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
**acute neurological phase** is also called
rabies encephalitis
64
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | FURIOUS FORM**
observed including **lacrimation**, **pupillary dilatation**, and
**salivation**
general sympathetic overactivity
65
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | FURIOUS FORM**
may exhibit ____ and ____
hydrophobia
aerophobia
66
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE**
2 forms
furious
dumb
67
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE**
* **General sympathetic overactivity** is observed including **lacrimation**, **pupillary dilatation**, and **salivation**
* May exhibit **hydrophobia** and **aerophobia**
* nervous system **dysfunction**
* **bizarre** behavior
furious form
68
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS | ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE**
* **opposite** of furious
* **behave**, **quiet** because of **paralysis**
* **recovery** and **survival** is **rare**
dumb phase
69
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
* characterized by **convulsive seizure** or **coma**;
* **cardiorespiratory arrest**
coma phase
70
# **RHABDOVIRUS | CLINICAL FINDINGS**
major cause of **death**
cardiorespiratory arrest
71
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
all vaccines are ___
killed/inactivated
72
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
inactivated with **B-propiolactone**
human diploid cell vaccine (HbCV)
73
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
another vaccine that is inactivated
purified chick embryo cell vaccine
74
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
administered **1 time only** **near the bite site**
rabies immunoglobulin human (HRIG)
75
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
**anti rabies serum** is from
horses
76
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
they are **administered** at the **same time** but in **different sites**
vaccine & HIRG
77
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
for persons at **high risk** (**0,7-,21- or 28-** day interval)
preexposure prophylaxis
78
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
**pre**exposure prophylaxis is given in how many doses
3 doses
79
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
**passive** and **active** (5 doses)
postexposure prophylaxis
80
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
**post**exposure prophylaxis is given in how many doses
5 doses
81
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
infection is a combination of ____ and ____ immunity
passive & active
82
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
**passive** immunity is gained from
HRIG
immunoglobulin
83
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
**active** immunity is gained by
vaccine
84
# **RHABDOVIRUS | TREATMENT & PREVENTION**
**vaccines** are administered
intramuscularly
85
* The **only double stranded** RNA virus
* **Four** genera affecting human: **Orthoreovirus**, **Rotavirus**, **Coltivirus**, **Orbivirus**
* members of the family are **isolated** from the **respiratory** and **enteric** systems
REOVIRUS
86
# **REOVIRUS**
**REO** is an acronym for
respiratory
eneteric
orphan
87
# **REOVIRUS**
orphan because
not assoc with any disease
88
# **REOVIRUS**
how many **genera** affecting human
4
89
# **REOVIRUS**
4 genera affecting human
Orthoreovirus
Rotavirus
Coltivirus
Orbivirus
90
# **REOVIRUS**
* Transmission – **fecal oral**
* Infect cells in the **villi** of the **small intestine**
* The **single most important** worldwide **cause** of **gastrointestinal** in **young children**
ROTAVIRUS
91
# **ROTAVIRUS**
transmission
fecal oral
92
# **ROTAVIRUS**
infect cells in the ____ of the **small intestine**
villi
93
# **ROTAVIRUS**
replication site
small intestine
94
# **ROTAVIRUS**
clinical manifestations
watery diarrhea
gastrointeritis in young children
95
# **ROTAVIRUS**
**single most important worldwide cause** of ____ in **young children**
gastroenteritis
96
# **ROTAVIRUS**
vaccines are given to ____ only
children
97
# **ROTAVIRUS**
Live attenuated vaccine
Rotarix
98
# **ROTAVIRUS**
**Rotarix** serotype
G1
99
# **ROTAVIRUS**
Live reassortant
Rotateq
100
# **ROTAVIRUS**
**Rotateq** serotypes
G1, 2, 3, 4, 9
