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MICROPARA > HEPATITIS > Flashcards

HEPATITIS Flashcards

1
Q

HEPATITIS

Viral hepatitis is a ____ primarily involving the liver

A

SYSTEMIC DISEASE

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2
Q

HEPATITIS

Viral hepatitis is a systemic disease primarily involving the ____

A

LIVER

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3
Q

HEPATITIS

classic feature of hepatitis

A

jaundice

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4
Q

HEPATITIS

yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes

A

JAUNDICE

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5
Q

HEPATITIS

hepatitis viruses

A

A B C D E

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6
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

single stranded RNA

A

A C D E

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7
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

the only double stranded and DNA virus

A

HEPA B

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8
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

  • the family is unclassified;
  • an example of defective virus that cannot replicate on its own;
  • requires the presence of hepatitis B for its replication, either from a previous history or hepatitis B infection or coinfection of these two viruses
A

hepa D

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9
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

main hepa viruses

A

A B C

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10
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

MODE OF TRANSMISSION:
Hepa A & E

A

fecal oral route

FAECAL

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11
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

MODE OF TRANSMISSION:
Hepa B, C, D

A

parenteral

blood transfusion, needlestick, sexual, vertical

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12
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

  • acute form of hepatitis
  • The onset of disease is abrupt within 24 hours.
  • Frequently seen in children; may be severe with adults
A

HEPA A

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13
Q

HEPATITIS A

____ form hepatitis

A

acute

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14
Q

HEPATITIS A

onset of disease

A

abrupt; within 24 hrs

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15
Q

onset of disease of hepa B & C

A

lower

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16
Q

HEPATITIS A

frequently seen in

A

children

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17
Q

HEPATITIS A

severe with

A

adults

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18
Q

HEPATITIS A | PREVENTION

active immunity

A

inactivated HAV vaccine

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19
Q

HEPATITIS A | PREVENTION

passive immunity

A

immuneglobulin IG

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20
Q

HEPATITIS A | PREVENTION

for areas endemic with hepatitis

A

pre-exposure & post-exposure prophylaxis

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21
Q

HEPATITIS A | PREVENTION

____ are effective as post-exposure prophylaxis two weeks of exposure

A

vaccines

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22
Q

HEPATITIS A | PREVENTION

passive immunization is effective within ____ after exposure to prevent & mitigate Hepa A

A

14 days

23
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

  • Inapparent infections
  • Infants and young children become chronic carriers
  • Chronic carriers are at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma
  • Fulminant hepatitis with HDV
  • Fulminant – severe and sudden onset, may happen is there is coinfection with hepatitis D
  • Most chronic carriers are asymptomatic, but some may have chronic active hepatitis, leading to cirrhosis and death
A

HEPA B

24
Q

HEAPTITIS B

____ infection

A

inapparent

25
Q

HEPATITIS B

infants and young children become ____

A

chronic carriers

26
Q

HEPATITIS B

chronic carriers are at risk of developing

(liver cancer)

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

27
Q

HEPATITIS B

____ hepatitis with HDV

A

fulminant

28
Q

HEPATITIS B

severe and sudden onset, may happen is there is coinfection with hepatitis D

A

fulminant

29
Q

HEPATITIS B

most chronic carriers are ____

A

asymptomatic

30
Q

HEPATITIS B

symptoms are usually ____ with hepa A

A

same

31
Q

HEPATITIS B

symptoms are ____ than Hepa A

A

more severe

32
Q

HEPATITIS B

antigens & antibodies

A

surface
envelope
core

33
Q

HEPATITIS B

describes the virion for envelope antigen

A

dane particle

34
Q

HEPATITIS B

antigen that is not measured

A

core antigen

35
Q

HEPATITIS B

2 types of core antibody

A

total anti-HBc
IgM anti-HBc

36
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

  • Surface antigen for Hepa B
  • Indicates infection
  • used in vaccine production
A

HbsAg

37
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

  • Antibody for surface antigen
  • Implies a certain state of immunity
    • recovery from previous infection
    • from vaccines
A

anti-HBsAg

38
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

exposure to surface antigen results to the production of

A

antibody

39
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

  • Total antibody to Hepa B core antigen
  • appears as the symptom for acute form
  • measure both IgM and IgG
A

total anti-HbcAg

40
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

indicates a previous or ongoing infection with hepa B

A

core antigen

41
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

previous infection

A

IgG

42
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

ongoing infection

A

IgM

43
Q

HEPATITIS B | SEROLOGY MARKERS

  • IgM antibody to Hepa B core antigen
  • Immunoglobulin produced in response to acute infection
  • indicates recent infection or ongoing infection less than 6 months
A

IgM anti-HBcAg

44
Q

HEPATITIS B | TREATMENT

First line

A

Pegylatedinterferonalfa-2a
entecavir
tenofovir

45
Q

HEPATITIS B | PREVENTION

pre-exposure prophylaxis

A

Hepa B vaccine

46
Q

HEPATITIS B | PREVENTION

post-exposure prophylaxis
not recommend as pre-exposure prohylaxis because there is vaccine

A

Hepa B immune globulin (HBIG)

47
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES

  • Clinically mild, with moderate elevation of liver enzymes
  • May progress to chronic liver disease
  • Many patients develop cirrhosis → hepatocellularcarcinoma
  • End-stage liver disease associated with HCV is the most frequent indication for adult liver transplants
A

HEPA C

48
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES | HEPATITIS C

Clinically mild with ____ of liver enzymes

A

moderate elevation

49
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES | HEPATITIS C

liver enzymes that are being elevated

A

alanine transaminase (ALT)
aspartate transaminase (AST)

50
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES | HEPATITIS C

may progress to ____

A

chronic liver disease

51
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES | HEPATITIS C

many patients develop ___ that leads to hepatocellular carcinoma

A

cirrhosis

52
Q

HEPATITIS VIRUSES | HEPATITIS C

End-stage liver disease associated with HCV is the most frequent indication for

A

adult liver transplants

53
Q

HEPATITIS C

TREATMENT:
standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C

A

pegylated interferon combined w/ ribavirin

MICROPARA (37 decks)

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