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MICROPARA > M5 PART 7 > Flashcards

M5 PART 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Transmission of infectious diseases involving animal hosts or vectors are called as ____ and ____

A

vector-borne
zoonotic diseases

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2
Q

____ typically insects, ticks, or mites are capable of carrying a pathogen from one host to another, generally with increased virulence of the pathogen in the vector

A

vectors

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3
Q

____ are transmitted from animals to humans by either contact with the animals or through vectors that carry zoonotic pathogens from animals to humans

A

zoonoses

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4
Q
  • Obligate intracellular pathogen
  • Aerobic, non-motile, and nonspore forming
  • multiply inside the macrophage
A

BRUCELLAE

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5
Q

BRUCELLAE

most severe human infection is brought about by

(acquired from goat)

A

BRUCELLA MELITENSIS

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6
Q

BRUCELLAE

swine, chronic infections

A

BRUCELLA SUIS

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7
Q

BRUCELLA

cattle

A

BRUCELLA ABORTUS

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8
Q

BRUCELLA

dogs

A

BRUCELLA CANIS

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9
Q

BRUCELLA | TRANSMISSION

vehicle is cheese made up of unpasteurized goat milk

A

INTESTINAL TRACT

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10
Q

BRUCELLA | TRANSMISSION

Mucous membrane

A

DROPLET TRANSMISSION

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11
Q

BRUCELLA

PORTAL OF ENTRY

A

lymphatic channels & regional lymph nodes

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12
Q

BRUCELLA

  • a growth factor for Brucellae present in the placentas and fetal membranes of cattle, swine, sheep, and goats
  • absent in human
A

ERYTHRITOL

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13
Q

BRUCELLA

incubation period

A

1 - 4 weeks

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14
Q

BRUCELLA

DISEASE

A

BRUCELLOSIS
(undulant fever, malta fever)

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15
Q

BRUCELLA

Brucellosis is called undulant because

A

the pattern of fever is rising & falling

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16
Q

BRUCELLAE

Brucellosis is also called

A

undulant fever
malta fever

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17
Q

BRUCELLAE

oxygen requirement

A

aerobic

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18
Q

BRUCELLAE

motility

A

nonmotile

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19
Q

BRUCELLAE

  • Characterized by malaise, fever, weakness, aches, and sweats
  • Enlarged lymph nodes, spleen, and liver
  • After the initial infection, a chronic stage may develop
A

BRUCELLOSIS
(undulant fever, malta fever)

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20
Q

BRUCELLAE

Drug of choice

A

tetracycline
rifampin

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21
Q

FRANCISELLA

most important specie

A

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

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22
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

SHAPE

A

COCCOBACILLUS

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23
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

most virulent type

A

tularensis type A

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24
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

subspecies

A

tularensis type A
holarctica type B
mediasiatica

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25
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

growth medium

A

enriched media w/ cysteine

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26
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

because it is highly infectious, it is used as what agent

A

bioterrorism agent

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27
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

transmission

A

vectors
direct contact w animals
inhalation
ingestion (rare)

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28
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

VECTORS

A

RABBITS

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29
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS | DISEASES

  • 75% of the cases, ulcerating papule
  • kung saan kumagat ang vector, doon magkakaron ng ulceration & will spread to regional lymph nodes
A

ULCEROGLANDULAR TULAREMIA

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30
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS | DISEASES

  • inhalation of an infective aerosol
  • bronchial infection
  • pneumonitis
  • happens when organisms are inhaled
A

PNEUMONIC TULAREMIA

31
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS | DISEASES

  • a droplet touches the conjunctiva of the eye
  • yellowish granulomatous lesions on the eyelids
A

OCULOGLANDULAR TULAREMIA

32
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS | DISEASES

no ulceration, only lymph nodes are affected

A

GLANDULAR TULAREMIA

33
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS | DISEASES

Upper Respiratory Tract

A

OROPHARYNGEAL TULAREMIA

34
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS | DISEASES

typhoid fever

A

TYPHOIDAL TULAREMIA
(septicemia)

35
Q

FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS

DRUG OF CHOICE

A

Streptomycin
Gentamicin

36
Q
  • Gram-negative rod that exhibits striking **bipolar staining **with special stains such as Wright, Giemsa, Wayson, or methylene blue
  • Nonmotile
  • Growth is more rapid at 28°C
  • A potential biological warfare agent – low ID 50
  • Looks like a safety pin or hair pin wherein the center appears to be clear
A

YERSINIA PESTIS

37
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | ANTIGENIC STRUCTURES

endotoxin

A

LPS

38
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | ANTIGENIC STRUCTURES

exotoxin

A

type III secretion systems

39
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | ANTIGENIC STRUCTURES

allow the microorganism to survive and grow intracellularly

A

V & W antigens

40
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS

vector

A

FLEA

41
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | DISEASES

DISEASE

A

Plague
“Black death”

42
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | DISEASES

  • Incubation period: 2 – 7 days
  • Sudden onset of high fever and lymphadenopathy
  • Bite site → enlarged lymph nodes (buboes) in the neck, groin, or axilla
  • Majority of the cases of plague
A

BUBONIC PLAGUE

43
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | DISEASES

enlarged lymph nodes are calles

A

BUBOES

44
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | DISEASES

  • There is a sudden onset of high fever, chills, and weakness
  • Disease progression may** lead to septic shock** with associated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), hypotension (septic shock), altered mental status, and renal and cardiac failure
A

SEPTICEMIC PLAGUE

45
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | DISEASES

  • Acquired by direct inhalation of organisms into the lungs.
  • Characterized by chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, and severe respiratory distress.
A

PRIMARY PNEUMONIC PLAGUE

46
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS | DISEASES

A complication in approximately 10% of patients with bubonic plague

A

SECONDARY PNEUMONIC PLAGUE

47
Q

YERSINIA PESTIS

DRUG OF CHOICE

A

STREPTOMYCIN

48
Q

YERSINIA

typically causes enterocolitis and early symptoms include fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea; grows best and motile at 25 deg C, but not at 37 deg C; may cause mild diarrhea that is usually self-limiting

A

YERSINIA ENTEROCOLITICA

49
Q

YERSINIA

presents clinically as mesenteric adenitis, an acute appendicitis-like syndrome; grows best and motile at 25 deg C, but not at 37 deg C; may cause mild diarrhea that is usually self-limiting

A

YERSINIA PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS

50
Q
  • Nonmotile, Gram-negative coccobacilli with a bipolar appearance
  • Transmitted by bites and scratches from cats and dogs
  • Acute onset of redness, swelling, and pain
  • Regional lymphadenopathy and low-grade fever
A

PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA

51
Q

PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA

shape

A

coccobacilli

52
Q

PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA

transmission

A

bites & scratches from cats & dogs

53
Q

PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA

DRUG OF CHOICE

A

PENICILLIN G

54
Q
  • Intracellular, Gram-negative rods
  • Pleomorphic, slow growing
  • Difficult to isolate in the laboratory
  • They can be seen using Warthin-Starry silver impregnation stain (small, black, curved organism either as a single of clusters of organisms)
A

BARTONELLA

55
Q

BARTONELLA

shape

A

curved, pleomorphic

56
Q

BARTONELLA

stain

A

Warthin-Starry silver stain

57
Q

The organism produces deformin to promote deformity of RBC cell membranes, and flagella to invade red blood cells.

A

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS

58
Q

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS

produces ____

A

deformin

59
Q

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS

targets ____

A

red blood cells

60
Q

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS

how many stages of disease

A

2

61
Q

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS

vector

A

sandfly

62
Q

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS | DISEASE

a serious infectious anemia

A

OROYA FEVER

63
Q

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS | DISEASE

eruptive stage (successive crops appear on the skin), may last for 1 year

A

VERRUGA PERUANA

64
Q

BARTONELLA BACILLIFORMIS

DRUG OF CHOICE

A

CIPROFLOXACIN

65
Q

BARTONELLA HENSELAE

transmission

A

contact w/ infected cats

66
Q

BARTONELLA HENSELAE

DISEASE

A

CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE

67
Q

BARTONELLA HENSELAE | DISEASES

  • A primary skin lesion (papule or pustule) develops at the site
  • Disease is characterized by fever and tender, enlarged lymph nodes
  • Common in immunocompetent individuals
A

CAT SCRATCH DISEASE

68
Q

BARTONELLA HENSELAE | DISEASES

  • A disease predominantly of immunosuppressed individuals (AIDS patients)
  • It presents as an enlarging red (cranberry-like) papule, often with surrounding scale and erythema.
A

BACILLARY ANGIOMATOSIS

69
Q

BARTONELLA HENSELAE | DISEASES

lesions occur primarily in the liver and spleen

A

PELIOSIS HEPATIS
(BACILLARY PELIOSIS)

70
Q

BARTONELLA QUINTANA

reservoirs

A

humans & body louse

71
Q

BARTONELLA QUINTANA

DISEASE

A

Trench fever
(quintan fever)

72
Q

BARTONELLA QUINTANA

a common disease during the first world war

A

Trench fever
(quintan fever)

73
Q
  • Characterized by sudden onset of fever accompanied by headache, malaise, restlessness, and shin pain.
  • Five-day fever (periodic relapses of 5 days)
  • More frequently seen at present as a cause of endocarditis and bacteremia in homeless individuals
A

TRENCH FEVER
(quintan fever)

74
Q
  • Reservoirs: Humans and body louse
  • Disease: Trench fever (also known as quintan fever)
A

BARTONELLA QUINTANA

MICROPARA (37 decks)

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