Module 4 - Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the two main circulatory systems within the body

Answer 1

Pulmonary and systemic

Question 2

What does the pulmonary system do?

Answer 2

This system involves the heart and lungs. The deoxygenated blood leaves the heart and goes to the lungs where it gets reoxygenated and returned to the heart.

Question 3

What does the systemic system do?

Answer 3

The systemic system relates to the circulation throughout the body except for the lungs. Oxygenated blood leaves the heart via arteries to supply the body, and the deoxygenated blood comes back to the heart via the veins.

Question 4

What transports oxygen to the muscles?

Answer 4

Blood vessels

Question 5

What are the three primary classifications of blood vessels in the body?

Answer 5

Arteries, Veins, Capilaries

Question 6

What does arteries do?

Answer 6

Carry oxygenated blood away from om the heart to the rest of the body.

Question 7

What do veins do?

Answer 7

Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.

Question 8

What are capillaries and what do they do?

Answer 8

Capillaries are the smallest of blood vessels. They serve to distribute oxygenated blood from arteries to the tissues of the body and to feed deoxygenated blood from the tissues back into the veins.

Question 9

What role does the diaphragm play in the circulatory system?

Answer 9

This sheet-like muscle contracts and relaxes to facilitate breathing. When the diaphragm contracts, oxygen is pulled into the lungs and when the diaphragm is relaxing carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.

Question 10

What three blood cell types does your body have?

Answer 10

White blood cells, red blood cells, and platelet cells

Question 11

What is the role of red blood cells within the body?

Answer 11

A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood. Red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

Question 12

What is the role of white blood cells within the body?

Answer 12

White blood cells protect your body against infection. As your white blood cells travel through your bloodstream and tissues, they locate the site of an infection and act as an army general to notify other white blood cells of their location to help defend your body from an attack of an unknown organism

Question 13

What is the role of platelets in the body?

Answer 13

Their primary function is to prevent and stop bleeding. If a blood vessel is damaged, the body sends signals to platelets which cause them to travel to the injured area.

Question 14

What is hemoglobin?

Answer 14

Hemoglobin is a protein that is found in red blood cells.

Question 15

What is the role of hemoglobin in the blood cells

Answer 15

Hemoglobin contains iron, which allows it to pick up oxygen from the air we breathe and deliver it everywhere in the body

Question 16

An increase in heart rate, correlates to what?

Answer 16

An increase in heart rate correlates with increased physical activity because of the body’s increased demand for oxygen.

Question 17

Into what four chambers is the heart devided into?

Answer 17

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.

Question 17

What is myoglobin

Answer 17

a protein found in muscle that receives oxygen from the blood (red blood cells) and transports it to the mitochondria of the muscle cells.

Question 17

What causes the heart to contract?

Answer 17

Electrical impulses at the heart’s sinoatrial node (SA node).

Question 17

Allocation of blood flow within the body is based on what?

Answer 17

Need.

Question 18

What is aerobic conditioning?

Answer 18

Aerobic conditioning is a process whereby the heart and lungs are trained to pump blood more efficiently, delivering more oxygen to muscles and organs.

Question 19

What does blood pressure represent?

Answer 19

blood pressure represents the amount of pressure against the blood vessel walls.

Question 20

What is the top number of blood pressure readings called and what does it represent?

Answer 20

The top number is called the systolic pressure and represents the amount of pressure against vessel walls when the heart is contracting.

Question 21

What is the bottom number of blood pressure readings called and what does it represent?

Answer 21

The bottom number is called the diastolic pressure and represents the pressure against the vessel walls when the heart is relaxing.

Question 22

What term can be used for someone with high blood pressure?

Answer 22

Hypertensive.

Question 23

Where does deoxygenated blood go from the heart?

Answer 23

Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.

Question 24

What is the alveoli and what do they do?

Answer 24

Are tiny air sacs in the lungs. They exchange oxygen and carbon-dioxide through the respiratory membrane

Question 25

Where does alveoli get oxygen from?

Answer 25

Air (oxygen) is inhaled through the trachea (windpipe) and ends up in the alveoli, where it is used to reoxygenate the blood and push out carbon dioxide.

Question 26

Where does the newly reoxygenated blood go from the alveoli?

Answer 26

The reoxygenated blood is returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins, where it is then pumped out of the heart and into the systemic circulatory system.

Question 27

Why is diaphragmatic breathing more beneficial than chest breathing?

Answer 27

Because more oxygen is inhaled, and more carbon dioxide is exhaled with each breath. This equates to more oxygen for the working muscles.