Module 4 - Circulatory System Flashcards
What are the two main circulatory systems within the body
Pulmonary and systemic
What does the pulmonary system do?
This system involves the heart and lungs. The deoxygenated blood leaves the heart and goes to the lungs where it gets reoxygenated and returned to the heart.
What does the systemic system do?
The systemic system relates to the circulation throughout the body except for the lungs. Oxygenated blood leaves the heart via arteries to supply the body, and the deoxygenated blood comes back to the heart via the veins.
What transports oxygen to the muscles?
Blood vessels
What are the three primary classifications of blood vessels in the body?
Arteries, Veins, Capilaries
What does arteries do?
Carry oxygenated blood away from om the heart to the rest of the body.
What do veins do?
Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
What are capillaries and what do they do?
Capillaries are the smallest of blood vessels. They serve to distribute oxygenated blood from arteries to the tissues of the body and to feed deoxygenated blood from the tissues back into the veins.
What role does the diaphragm play in the circulatory system?
This sheet-like muscle contracts and relaxes to facilitate breathing. When the diaphragm contracts, oxygen is pulled into the lungs and when the diaphragm is relaxing carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
What three blood cell types does your body have?
White blood cells, red blood cells, and platelet cells
What is the role of red blood cells within the body?
A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood. Red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
What is the role of white blood cells within the body?
White blood cells protect your body against infection. As your white blood cells travel through your bloodstream and tissues, they locate the site of an infection and act as an army general to notify other white blood cells of their location to help defend your body from an attack of an unknown organism
What is the role of platelets in the body?
Their primary function is to prevent and stop bleeding. If a blood vessel is damaged, the body sends signals to platelets which cause them to travel to the injured area.
What is hemoglobin?
Hemoglobin is a protein that is found in red blood cells.
What is the role of hemoglobin in the blood cells
Hemoglobin contains iron, which allows it to pick up oxygen from the air we breathe and deliver it everywhere in the body
An increase in heart rate, correlates to what?
An increase in heart rate correlates with increased physical activity because of the body’s increased demand for oxygen.
Into what four chambers is the heart devided into?
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
What is myoglobin
a protein found in muscle that receives oxygen from the blood (red blood cells) and transports it to the mitochondria of the muscle cells.
What causes the heart to contract?
Electrical impulses at the heart’s sinoatrial node (SA node).
Allocation of blood flow within the body is based on what?
Need.
What is aerobic conditioning?
Aerobic conditioning is a process whereby the heart and lungs are trained to pump blood more efficiently, delivering more oxygen to muscles and organs.
What does blood pressure represent?
blood pressure represents the amount of pressure against the blood vessel walls.
What is the top number of blood pressure readings called and what does it represent?
The top number is called the systolic pressure and represents the amount of pressure against vessel walls when the heart is contracting.
What is the bottom number of blood pressure readings called and what does it represent?
The bottom number is called the diastolic pressure and represents the pressure against the vessel walls when the heart is relaxing.
What term can be used for someone with high blood pressure?
Hypertensive.
Where does deoxygenated blood go from the heart?
Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
What is the alveoli and what do they do?
Are tiny air sacs in the lungs. They exchange oxygen and carbon-dioxide through the respiratory membrane
Where does alveoli get oxygen from?
Air (oxygen) is inhaled through the trachea (windpipe) and ends up in the alveoli, where it is used to reoxygenate the blood and push out carbon dioxide.
Where does the newly reoxygenated blood go from the alveoli?
The reoxygenated blood is returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins, where it is then pumped out of the heart and into the systemic circulatory system.
Why is diaphragmatic breathing more beneficial than chest breathing?
Because more oxygen is inhaled, and more carbon dioxide is exhaled with each breath. This equates to more oxygen for the working muscles.
