Life Science: Mitosis

Question 1

Q: What is the process of cell division in eukaryotic cells known as?

Answer 1

A: Mitosis

Question 2

Q: What is mitosis?

Answer 2

A: Cell division for growth and repair to produce 2 genetically identical daughter cells from one parent cell.

Question 3

Q. What are the 3 stages found in interphase?

Answer 3

• G1
• S
• G2

Question 4

Q: Explain the functions of all stages that are in Interphase?

Answer 4

• G1: Cell Growth; normal cellular functions continue
• S: DNA Replication; Centrioles replicate
• G2: Cell Growth, preparing for division

Question 5

Q: What occurs if the cell does not have sufficient nutrients and growth factors?

Answer 5

A: The cell enters the G0 phase, a resting state.

Question 6

Q: What is the stage in mitosis where chromosomes condense, appear visible under a microscope, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and mitotic spindles form from spindle fibers?

Answer 6

A: Prophase

Question 7

Q: What is the stage in mitosis where the chromosomes line up in the middle?

Answer 7

A: Metaphase

Question 8

Q: What is the stage in mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart to the poles?

Answer 8

A: Anaphase

Question 9

Q: What is the stage in mitosis where chromosomes decondense into chromatin, nuclear envelope forms?

Answer 9

A: Telophase

Question 10

Q: What is Cytokinesis?

Answer 10

A: Division of cytoplasm that occurs at the end of mitosis, after telophase.

Question 11

Q. Explain the process of mitosis in order and explain what occurs in each stage.

(Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase)

Answer 11

• Interphase
  -> G1: Cell Growth; normal cellular functions continue
  -> S: DNA Replication; Centrioles replicate
  -> G2: Cell Growth, preparing for division
• Prophase
  -> chromosomes condense, appear visible under a microscope
  -> the nuclear envelope breaks down
  -> Spindle fibers form into mitotic spindles
• Metaphase
  -> Mitotic spindles attach to chromosomes and align them at the center/middle
• Anaphase
  -> chromosomes are pulled apart to the poles (via mitotic spindles) and cell division begins.
• Telophase
  -> mitotic spindle breaks down
  -> chromosomes decondense into chromatin and new nuclear envelope forms
• Cytokinesis (not part of mitosis)
  -> Division of cytoplasm that occurs at the end of mitosis

Question 12

T/F: The number of chromosomes in daughter cells is different when compared to its parent cell?

Answer 12

False, Mitosis produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells from one parent cell. Both the daughter cells and parent cells contain the same number of chromosomes (46 chromosomes)

Question 13

What is the function of the centromere in a chromosome?

Answer 13

It attaches the chromosome to the spindle fibers during cell division.