Chemistry: Periodic Tale and Atomic Structure Flashcards
Define: Chemistry
study of composition of substances and how they change
Define: Matter
anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)
Define: Element
Provide examples of elements
a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes
Ex: Oxygen, Carbon, Sodium
Define: atom
smallest particle of an element
What is the relationship between matter, elements, and atoms?
atoms -> elements -> matter
List 3 subatomic particles that make up an atom
Know where in an atom these are located/found
Nucleus: Protons (+) and Neutrons
Shell: Electrons (-)
How are elements organized on the periodic table of elements?
Elements are organized by increasing atomic number (number of protons)
What does the atomic number tell you about an atom?
number of protons
(and # eletrons, if element is neutral)
What are the horizontal rows and vertical columns on the periodic table called?
- Horizontal rows: Periods
-
Vertical columns: Groups/Families
-> Have similar characteristics
The left side of the periodic table contains _____, while the right side contains ________. The middle contains __________.
metals
nonmetals
metalloids and transition metals
Formula for ATOMIC MASS
Atomic mass = # P + # N
Define: Isotope
ab atom of the same element with different number of neutrons (different masses)
These are two isotopes of Mercury: Hg-196 and Hg-200, what does the number AFTER the isotope tell you?
atomic mass
What is unique regarding the atomic nucleus about Hydrogen?
nucleus contains only one proton and zero neutrons
Metal/Noble Gas/Non-metal/Metalloid (semimetal)/Post-transitional metal: Li
metal
Metal/Noble Gas/Non-metal/Metalloid (semimetal)/Post-transitional metal: Be
Metal
