Chemistry - Acids and Bases Flashcards
The difference between each number on the pH scale is _________
10 fold (divide by 10 when moving more basic)
pH 2 is ______x more acidic than pH 3
10x
What is the pH of a solution [H+] = 1 x 10 ^-5
pH = 5
As long as the first number is 1, pH is equal to the positive value of the superscript
What is a strong acid?
acid that completely dissociates in water
What is a strong base?
a base that completely ionizes in water
Name the 7 most important strong acids
SO I Brought No Clean CLothes
SO = H₂SO₄
I = HI
Brought = HBr
No = HNO₃
Clean = HCl
ClOthes = HClO₄
HClO3
Name 9 most important strong bases
2 Baboons Carry Mega Screwdrivers. Naughty Rebel Kids Like Circus-shows
Baboons = Ba(OH)₂
Carry = Ca(OH)₂
Mega = Mg(OH)₂
Screwdrivers =Sr(OH)₂
Naughty.= NaOH
Rebel = RbOH
Kids = KOH
Like = LiOH
Circus-shows = CsOH
What is a weak acid? Include an example
acid does NOT completely dissociate in water (acetic acid: CH₃COOH)
What is a weak base? Include an example
A base that does not completely ionize in water
(ammonium hydroxid: NH₄OH)
What do buffers do?
resist pH changes when an acid/base is added by absorbing excess H+ or OH-
What is a neutralization reaction? Include an example
acid and base mixed together to produce water and salt
Ex: HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O (pH7)
If there is a neutralization rxn between a ______ acid and _______ base, the result is in a pH of _______
strong acid
strong base
pH 7
What can you use to test if a solution is acidic or basic? How would you “read” this test
Test using: Litmus Paper
If blue = basic
If red = acidic
Basic Bitches Are Blue
What is the resulting product from the neutralization reaction? HClO3 + CsOH → _____
A) CsH + H₂O
B) CsClO₃ + HOH
C) ClO₃OH + H₂O
D) HClO₃ + H2O
B, in a neutralization reaction, the acid and base will react to form a salt and water. If you take out the HOH, what are you left with? CsClO3
When added to water, a substance dissociates into the electrolytes K+ and NO3-. What is the substance?
- Acid
- Base
- Salt
- Buffer
salt
