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TEAS7 > A&P: Introduction to A&P > Flashcards

A&P: Introduction to A&P Flashcards

1
Q

Compare the definition of Anatomy vs Physiology

A

Anatomy: Study of structure
Physiology: Study of function

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2
Q

_________ determines ___________

A

Structure determines function

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3
Q

List the levels of organization from least to most complex

A

Atom -> Molecule -> Macromolecule -> Organelle -> Cells -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ System -> Organism

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4
Q

List the 4 tissue types

A
  • Epithelial tissue
  • Connective tissue
  • Muscle tissue
  • Nervous tissuee
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5
Q

Describe: Epithelial Tissue
(Include: Location, Characteristics, Examples, MISC)

A

Location:

  • Cover body surface and organs (ex: skin cells that divide rapidly)
  • Forms inner lining of body cavities
  • Lines hollow organs
  • Major tissue that makes up glands

Characteristics:

  • Tightly packed
  • Divide quickly
  • Lack BV

FXN:

  • x

Examples/Types:

  • Epidermis (Straitified Squamous)

MISC:

  • Basement membrane anchors epithelial tissue (epidermis) to underlying tissue
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6
Q

Describe: Connective Tissue
(Include: Location, Characteristics, FXN, Examples)

A

Location:

  • Underneath epithelial tissue
  • Adipose tissue (fat) under skin
  • Cartilage between bones
  • Tendons (MtB) and Ligaments (BtB)
  • Bone
  • Blood

Characteristics:

  • Cells further apart (compared to epithelial)
  • Lots of extracellular matrix surrounding the cells

FXN:

  • Stores fat
  • Produce blood cells
  • Holds structures together
  • Provide support and protection
  • Repair tissue damage

Examples/Types:

  • Dermis + Hypodermis
  • Adipose (Adipocytes)
  • Blood
  • Cartilage (Chondrocytes)
  • Compact Bone (Osteoblast-/clasts)
  • Collagen Fibers (Fibroblast)

MISC:

  • x
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7
Q

What is the most common cell found in Connective Tissue and what do they do?

A

Fibroblast: secrete protein for extracellular matrix/ground substance

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8
Q

Describe: Muscle Tissue
(Include: Characteristics, FXN, Examples)

A

Location:

  • x

Characteristics:

  • Contractile (can shorten)

FXN:

  • Movement/Posture
  • Heat production

Examples/Types:

  • Skeletal Muscle
    -> Voluntary, striated
  • Cardiac Muscle
    -> Involuntary, striated w intercalated disks
  • Smooth Muscle
    -> Involuntary, no striations

MISC:

  • x
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9
Q

Describe: Nervous Tissue
(Include: Location, FXN)

A

Location:

  • Brain
  • Spinal Cord
  • Peripheral Nerves

Characteristics:

  • x

FXN:

  • Conduct nerve impulses
  • Receive sensory information

Examples/Types:

  • x

MISC:

  • x
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10
Q

Homeostatis is the matience of a stable _____ environment. It is regulated through: ____________ __________ _______ and __________ ______ ________

A

internal

negative feedback loop

positive feedback loop

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11
Q

Compare the negative feedback loop to the positive feedback loop. Provide some examples

A

Negative FB Loop:
- Homeostatic mechanisms where the stimulus is reversed
- Ex: Body temperature, Blood glucose levels

Positive FB Loop:
- Homeostatic mechanism where the stimulus is increase until event ends
- Ex: Labor contractions, Blood clotting, Lactation

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12
Q

Above/Below

A

Superior/Inferior

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13
Q

The forehead is _______ to the chin

A

superior

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14
Q

The umbilicus is ______ to the sternum

A

inferior

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15
Q

Near/Far from fixed point

A

Proximal/Distal

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16
Q

The elbow is ______ to the wrist

A

proximal

17
Q

The wrist is _______ to the elbow

A

distal

18
Q

Toward/Away from the middle

A

Medial/Lateral

19
Q

The sternum is ________ to the shoulder

A

medial

20
Q

The lungs are _______ to the heart

A

lateral

21
Q

Front/Back of body

A

Anterior OR Ventral /Posterior OR Dorsal

22
Q

The abdomen is _____ to the vertebral column

A

anterior

23
Q

The gluteal region is ______ to the pubic region

A

posterior

24
Q

Closer/Farther from the surface

A

Superficial/Deep

25
Q

The epidermis is _____ to the dermis

A

superficial

26
Q

The hypodermis is ______ to the dermis

A

deep

27
Q

Closer to the head/tail(bone)

A

Cephalic/Caudal

28
Q

Know/label of anatomical landmarks

A

refer to A&P notes OR AP intro flashcards starting from 33 - 67

29
Q

Name the 3 body planes and know how it divides the body. Be able to identify this on a picture

A

Coronal/Frontal Plane

  • anterior/posterior portions

Sagittal Plane

  • left/right portions

Transverse/Cross-Sectional Plane

  • superior/inferor portions
30
Q

Label Dorsal and Ventral body cavities and know the names of each cavity contained within those, as well as organs

A

refer to labaling on A&P notes

31
Q

What is the name of the structure that divides the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

A

diaphragm

32
Q

Where are parietal serous membranes found?

A

line walls of thoracic and abdominal cavities and fold back to cover the organs within those cavities

33
Q

Where are visceral serous membranes found?

A

lines organs
(visceral pleural membrane coverss ouside of lungs)

34
Q

Where is serous fluid found and what is the function?

A

between parietal and visceral serous membranes to provide lubrication between organ and wall of the cavity

35
Q

A gland that secretes its products into ducts that open onto surfaces, like the skin or lining of the digestive tract

A

exocrine gland

36
Q

A gland that secretes its products into the blood or tissue fluid

A

endocrine gland

TEAS7 (48 decks)

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