Chemistry - Physical Properties and Changes of Matter Flashcards
Physical property: characteristic of substance that can be observed/measured
Chemical property: ability of a subtance to undergo chemical change, so the molecular identity of the substance changes (ex: metal rusting changes the identity of metal)
What is the formula for density?
D = m/v
What is the density of liquid water?
1g/cm³
How does density affect a substances ability to float/sink in water?
Substances of a high density = sink
Substances with a low density = float
Select all that apply: Select ALL ecamples of chemical properties
A) Color
B) Flammanbility
C) Combustilbility
D) Electrical Conductivity
E) Ability to rust
F) Density
G) Toxicity
H) Boiling point
I) Malleability
J) Acidity
B) Flammanbility
C) Combustilbility
E) Ability to rust
G) Toxicity
J) Acidity
Compare extensive vs intensive properties
Include examples
Extensive: property that depende on the amount of matter in your sample (ex: mass, volume, length)
Intensive: property that does not depend on the amount of matter in your sample, but only depends on the type of matter (ex: density, color, solubility, temperature, boiling point)
Compare the states of matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas (order of molecules, shape, volume, and motion)
Solid
- Molecules packed tightly
- Definite shape and Definite volume
- Vibrational motion, BUT NO translational motion
Liquid
- Molecules less ordered, looser bonds bw molecules (compared to solids)
- No definite shape, but definitive volume
- Vibrational and translational motion
Gas
- Molecules very far apart, lack/weak bonds
- No definitive shpae OR definitve volume (it changes based on container)
- Vibrational and translational motion
Plasma is also a state of matter. Describe what exactly is plasma?
ionized gas (+ and - charged ions)
Know the phase changes between the states of matter. Include whether temperature is increasing/decreasing based on the phase change. Know if it is endothermic/exothermic
refer to answer on written flashcard
State of matter of a substance will change based on ________ and ________
temperature
pressure
As temp increases, what will happen to the orientation of particles?
As pressure increases, what will happen to the orientation of particles?
Increase in temp = push molecules further apart
Increase in pressure = push molecules closer together
Which of these would be an example of sublimation?
A) Dry ice
B) Ice cube
C) Boiling water
D) Frost formation
A, dry ice is a solid, but when it absorbs heat, it will turn into a gas
B: Ice cube would be freezing
C: Boiling water would be vaporization
D: Frost formation would be deposition because gas turns into snowflakes/frost (solid)
Draw out a phase change diagram, be sure to label axis. Be able to label arrow to indicate the phase changes. Know what the triple point and critical point mean
Triple point: temp and pressure where substance is a solid, liquid, and gas at the same time
Critical Point: liquid and gas coexist together
Which of the following is a physical change?
A) Chopping wood
B) Cooking an egg
C) Digesting food
D) Rotting banana
A, since you are not changing the identity of the substance
What is the density of a substance that has a mass of 15 g and a volume of 5 cm3?
3g/cm³
