Chemistry: Electrons and Electron Configuration Flashcards
Each orbital holds ____ electrons
2
What are the four orbital shapes? How many electrons can they hold?
S has 1 orbital = 2 electrons
P has 3 orbitals = 6 electrons
D has 5 orbitals = 10 electrons
F has 7 orbitals = 14 electrons
Electrons fill orbitals in a very specific order, from _____ energy to _______ energy
lowest
highest
Know how many electrons max each shell (n) can hold. What are the name of these shells?
n = 1: 2 electrons; K shell
n = 2: 8 electrons; L shell
n = 3: 18 electrons; M shell
n = 4: 32 electons; N shell
If an atom has a total of 17 electrons, what is the electron configuration?
1S²2S²2P⁶3S²3P⁵
What are valence electrons?
electrons located in the outermost electron shell of an atom
How would you find the number of valence electrons of an atom?
OPTION 1:
- write out electron configuration
- add up all of the superscript numbers in the highest numbered energy shell
OPTION 2:
- Memorize # of electrons in each shell
- draw it out
- count number of electrons in outermost shell
How many valence electrons are in this atom?
1S²2S²2P⁶3S²3P⁵
Highest energy level is 3, so you need to add up all the superscripts in energy level 3.
2 + 5 = 7 valence electrons
What determines the chemical reactivity of an atom?
valence electrons
How could you quickly find valence electrons when looking at the periodic table?
the roman numerals of the vertical columns labeled with an “A” = the # of valence electrons
*i think an exception is He
Ne is a noble gas located in Group VIIIA. It has an atomic number of 10. How many valence electrons does it have?
8 valence electrons because its located in group VIIIA = 8.
Why do atoms in the same group on the periodic table have similar chemical properties?
because they have the same number of valence electrons, therefore, this results in similar ways of bonding and reacting with other elements, influencing their chemical behavior and reactivity
