Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOM20002 - HSF > Lecture 42 - Gastrointestinal Tract 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 42 - Gastrointestinal Tract 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the compartments in the bulk of the body?

A

Thorax
Abdomen
Pelvis
Perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What separates the thorax from the abdomen?

A

Diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What separates the abdomen from the pelvis?

A

No obvious structural demarcation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Indicate the transumbilical plane

A

along belly button

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Indicate the quadrants of the stomach area

A

Right upper
Left upper
Right lower
Left lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List some tubular viscera

A

Eosophagus
Stomach
Intestines
Gall badder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List some solid viscera

A 
Liver
Pancreas
Spleen
Kidneys
Adrenal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When learning about viscera, what four things do we need to know?

A
  • Location: quadrant
  • relationship to peritoneum
  • blood supply
  • identifying features
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two abdominal walls?

A

Posterior

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the structure of the anterior abdominal wall

A

Three flat layers of muscle:

  • external oblique
  • internal oblique
  • transverse abdominus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure of the posterior abdominal wall

A

Three muscles:

  • Quatratous lumborum
  • psoas major
  • iliacus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of a mesentery?

A

1/ Mobility

2/ pathway for nerves and vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What lines the abdominal cavity?

A

Peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the two terms to describe an organs relation to the peritoneum?

A

Intraperitoneal: suspended in cavity
Retroperitoneal: outside the peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the features of intraperitoneal viscera?

A

Suspended in the cavity
Mobile
Have a mesentery
Surrounded by visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the features of retroperitoneal viscera?

A

Outside the peritoneal cavity
Stable
No mesentery
Partially covered by the parietal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does the oesophagus run?

A

From pharynx
Behind trachea
Through diaphragm
To right side of stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the constrictions of the oesophagus?

A

Cervical
Thoracic
Diaphragmatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the tissue structure of the oesophagus

A

Two complete layers of muscle:
inner circular
outer longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the name of the region where the oesophagus becomes the stomach?

A

Z line

Oesophagogastric junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the shape of the stomach and important features of the shape

A

J shaped
Greater curvature
Lesser curvature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which quadrant is the stomach in?

What is its relationship to the peritoneum?

A

Upper left quadrant

Intarperitoneal

23
Q

What are the features of the stomach?

A

Two orifaces
Two curvatures
Two surfaces
Four regions

24
Q

What are the four regions of the stomach?

A

Fundus (air filled)
Body
Pyloric antrum
Pyloric canal

25
Q

Where is the cardia of the stomach?

A

Just below the oesophagus; the opening

26
Q

What stops food flowing from the stomach straight into the duodenum?

A

The pyloric sphincter

27
Q

Describe the inner surface of the stomach

A

Rugae: gastric folds

More pronounced rugae towards the distal end of the stomach

28
Q

What is the function of the rugae?

A

To allow the organ to expand when required

29
Q

What are the names of the two orifaces of the stomach?

A

Cardiac oriface

Pyloric oriface

30
Q

What are the four regions of the duodenum?

A
  1. Superior
  2. Descending
  3. Inferior / horizontal
  4. Ascending
31
Q

Which organ does the duodenum durround?

A

The pancreas

32
Q

What is the general shape of the duodenum?

A

C shaped

33
Q

What is the relationship of the duodenum to the peritoneum?

A

Retroperitoneal

34
Q

In which section of the intestine are the duodenal papillae?

A

In the 2nd / descending part of the duodenum

35
Q

How do bile and enzymes enter the duodenum?

A

From gall bladder:
- bile comes down common bile duct

From pancreas:
- enzymes come down main pancreatic duct

Into duodenum via the major duodenal papilla

36
Q

What is the function of the minor duodenal papilla?

A

Some pancreatic enzymes come through here

37
Q

What are the parts of the small intestine

A

Jejunum: 40%
Ileum: 60%

38
Q

How are the jejunum and the duodenum distinguished?

A

Jejunum:

  • greater calibre, thicker wall
  • larger circular folds
  • better vascular supply
  • less fat in the mesentery
39
Q

What is the thickness of the wall also called?

A

Calibre

40
Q

What is the difference between the vasculature of the jejunum and the ileum?

A

Ileum: much more branched and disorganised

41
Q

Describe the structure of the muscularis in the intestine

A

Two layers:
inner circular
outer longitudinal

42
Q

Describe the different regions of the large intestine

A 
Caecum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anal canal
43
Q

What are the names of the corners of the large intestine?

A

Hepatic flexure

Splenic flexure

44
Q

Where is the large intestine in relation to the small intestine

A

It is like a frame around the small intestine

45
Q

List the important features of the large intestine

A
  • wide diameter
  • Tenia coli
  • Haustra
  • omental appendices
46
Q

Describe the structure of the muscularis of the lagre intestine

A

Inner circular

Tenia coli: three disparate bands of longitudinal muscle

47
Q

What are Haustra?

A

This is the baggy external appearance of the large intestine

48
Q

Where is the caecum located?

What is its relationship to the large intestine?

A

Right lower quadrant,
Inferior to the ileocaecum junction
Intraperitoneal

49
Q

Where is the appendix located?

What is its relationship to the large intestine?

A

Lower right quadrant

Intraperitoneal
- base attached to the caecum

50
Q

Is the appendix mobile?

A

Yes, it can be have many different positions:

  • pre-ileal
  • postileal
  • pelvic
  • subcaecal
  • retrocaecal
51
Q

What is the relationship of the large intestine to the peritoneum?

A

Ascending: retro
Transverse: intra
Descending: retro
Sigmoid: intra

52
Q

Describe the muscle in the rectum

A

No tenia coli

53
Q

How does the rectum differ from the large intestine?

A

No tenia coli
No omental appendices
No haustra

54
Q

What makes up the pyloric region of the stomach?

A

Pyloric antrum

Pyloric canal

BIOM20002 - HSF (60 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions