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BIOM20002 - HSF > Lecture 23 - Upper Limb 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 23 - Upper Limb 2 Flashcards

0
Q

What are some general roles of fascia?

A

Deep fascia: surround individual muscles as well as muscle compartments

Fascial septa: separate compartments

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1
Q

What are the names of the fascia of the arm and forearm?

A

Arm: brachial fascia
Forearm: antebrachial

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2
Q

What are fascia made up of?

A

Fibrous connective tissue

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3
Q

What is the name of the fascia between the radius and the ulna

A

Interosseus membrane

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4
Q

What is the role of the interosseus membrane?

A

Separate flexor and extensor compartments

Provides muscle attachments

Holds these two bones together

Distribution of forces (ie during a fall)

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5
Q

What is the name of the things that form the roof of the ‘carpal tunnel’?

A

Flexor retinaculum

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6
Q

What is contained in the carpal tunnel ?

A

Tendons of the flexor muscles

Median nerve

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7
Q

Which muscles of the back are the prime movers of the shoulder girdle and shoulder joint?

A

Rhomboids
Levator scapulae
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi

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8
Q

Which anterior muscles act on the upper limbs?

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

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9
Q

What is the role of serratus anterior?

A

Holds the scapulae to the body wall

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10
Q

What are the shoulder/ fixator muscles?

A

Deltoid
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis

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11
Q

Which movements does pectoralis major bring about?

A

Powerful flexion of the shoulder

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12
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Biceps
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps

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14
Q

What action do the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm bring about?

A

Flexion

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15
Q

What action do the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm bring about?

A

Extension

16
Q

What are the two layers of muscles in the forearm?

A

Deep, intermediate and superficial

17
Q

Where is the common flexor origin of muscles in the forearm?

A

Medial epichondyle

18
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the forearm?

A

pronator teres (PT)*
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
Palmaris longus (PL)
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)

19
Q

What are the muscles in the intermediate layer of the forearm?

A

Flexor digitum superficialis

20
Q

Movement of the fingers is due to the … Muscle.

How do the tendons come into each individual finger?

A

Flexor digitum superficialis

The tendon from the FDS splits before entering

21
Q

What are the deep muscles of the forearm?

A 
flexor pollicis (thumb) longus (FPL)
flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) 
pronator quadratus (PQ)
23
Q

Where is the common extensor origin of the muscles of the forearm?

A

Lateral epichondyle

24
Q

Muscles in which layer of the forearm are longer?

A

Muscles in the superficial layer

25
Q

How many layers of muscle are there in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Two

26
Q

What is the function of the ‘extensor carpi’ muscles?

A

Extend the wrist

27
Q

What is the function of the ‘extensor digitorum’ muscles?

A

Extension of the digits

28
Q

What are the general functions of the muscles in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Extension of the fingers and wrist

29
Q

What are the general functions of the muscles in the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Supination
Extension and abductor of thumb
Extension of index finger

30
Q

Where are the muscles that perform pronation?

A

There are two muscles:

In the deep and superficial layers of the posterior compartment of the forearm

31
Q

What is the general functions of the muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • Flexion of the thumb and fingers

- pronation

32
Q

How can there be flexion of the fingers whilst maintaining extension of the wrist if it is the same muscle bringing about flexion across all these joints?

A

Synergist

Extensor muscle in the posterior compartment that only extends the wrist

33
Q

What is the role of the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A

Fine tuning of movements of thumb and fingers

34
Q

Where do the intrinsic muscles of the hands originate?

A

Flexor retinaculum

35
Q

What is the name for the thumb muscles?

What movements can these muscles bring about?

A

Thenar muscles

  • flexion
  • extension
  • adduction
  • abduction
  • rotation (opposition)
36
Q

What is the name for the muscles of the little fingers?

A

Hypothenar muscles

37
Q

What are lumbricals?

A

Muscles of the digits intrinsic to the hand

BIOM20002 - HSF (60 decks)

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