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HUBS 192 > Lecture 34: Male Reproductive System I > Flashcards

Lecture 34: Male Reproductive System I Flashcards

1
Q

The reproductive system greatly differs between what?

A

Males and females

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2
Q

What are gonads?

A

Organs where gametes (sex cells) are produced

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3
Q

What are the male and female gonads respectively?

A

Testes and ovaries

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4
Q

What do testes produce?

A

Spermatozoa

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5
Q

What do ovaries produce?

A

Oocytes

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6
Q

What do genitalia allow for?

A

Coitus - so that gametes can fuse to form an embryo (fertilisation)

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7
Q

What is the pelvis?

A

A bony basin between the trunk and the lower limbs

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8
Q

What does the pelvis consist of?

3

A
  • Hip bones
  • Sacrum
  • Coccyx
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9
Q

What are the 3 pelvic bones?

A
  • Ilium
  • Ischium
  • Pubis
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10
Q

The pelvic inlet is what?

A

Open

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11
Q

The pelvic outlet is what?

A

Closed

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12
Q

What is the pelvic outlet closed by?

A

Mucles

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13
Q

What is bigger the pelvic inlet/outlet?

A

Inlet, the inlet is always bigger than outlet

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14
Q

What are the 2 pelvic subdivisions?

2

A
  • False/greater pelvis

- True/lesser pelvis

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15
Q

What is the location of the false/greater pelvis?

2

A
  • Superior region

- Above the pelvic inlet

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16
Q

What does the false/greater pelvis contain within it?

A

Contains the GI tract

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17
Q

What is the location of the true/lesser pelvis?

2

A
  • Inferior region

- Between inlet and outlet

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18
Q

What does the true/lesser pelvis contain within it?

A

Contains internal reproductive organs

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19
Q

What are 3 features about the female pelvis?

A
  • Broader subpubic angle
  • Oval inlet
  • Straighter coccyx
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20
Q

What are 3 features about the male pelvis?

A
  • Narrower subpubic angle
  • Heart shaped inlet
  • Curved coccyx
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21
Q

What does the pelvic floor close over?

A

The pelvic outlet

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22
Q

What two muscles are on the pelvic floor?

A
  • Levator ani

- Coccygeus

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23
Q

What are the openings in the pelvic floor?

3

A
  • Urethra
  • Anal canal
  • Vagina (females)
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24
Q

What is the male perineum?

A

The region inferior to the pelvic floor and between the upper region of the thighs

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25
Q

What does the male perineum include?

2

A
  • External genitalia

- Anus

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26
Q

What are the 2 triangular divisions of the male perineum?

A
  • Urogenital triangle

- Anal triangle

27
Q

What is contained in the urogenital triangle?

2

A
  • Urethral opening

- External genitalia

28
Q

What is contained in the anal triangle?

2

A
  • Anal canal

- Fat

29
Q

What is the function of the male reproductive system?

2

A
  • To produce spermatozoa (sperm/male gametes)

- Transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract

30
Q

What is the male reproductive system made of?

3

A
  • Testes (male gonad)
  • Reproductive tract/duct
  • Accessory structures and glands
31
Q

What does the path that sperm travel along include?

5

A
  • Testes
  • Epididymis
  • Ductus (vas) deferens
  • Ejaculatory tract
  • Urethra
32
Q

What does the scrotum contain?

3

A
  • 2 testes
  • 2 epididymides
  • 2 spermatic cords
33
Q

What do the testes produce?

3

A
  • Sperm
  • Testosterone
  • Inhibin
34
Q

Where are the testes?

A

In the scrotum outside the body

35
Q

What are the testes surrounded by?

A

Dense fibrous capsule called the tunica albuginea

36
Q

The testes have 2 lobules containing what?

A

Seminiferous tubules

37
Q

What do seminiferous tubules join to form?

A

Rete testes

38
Q

What do rete testes join together to form?

A

Ductules

39
Q

What do ductules lead to?

A

the Epididymis

40
Q

What cells do the seminiferous tubules contain?

3

A
  • Interstitial endocrine (Leydig) cells
  • Nurse (sertoli) cells
  • Spermatogenic cells
41
Q

What do Interstitial endocrine (Leydig) cells produce?

A

Testosterone

42
Q

What do Nurse (sertoli) cells produce?

A

Inhibin

43
Q

What do Spermatogenic cells produce?

A

Spermatogonia and spermatozoa at various stages of development

44
Q

What are the 3 regions of the epididymus?

A
  • Head
  • Body
  • Tail
45
Q

Where do the sperm enter the epididymus from?

A

The seminiferous tubules

46
Q

Where do the sperm exit the epididymus from?

A

The ductus deferens

47
Q

What is the epididymus the site of?

A

Sperm maturation

48
Q

What is the ductus deferens also know as?

A

vas deferens

49
Q

What does the ductus deferens continue from?

A

The epididymus

50
Q

Where does the ductus deferens start?

A

In the spermatic cord

51
Q

What is the ductus deferens covered by?

A

Smooth muscle

52
Q

What does the ductus deferens run behind?

A

The urinary bladder

53
Q

What does the ductus deferens dilate to form?

A

The ampulla

54
Q

What are the ejaculatory ducts formed by?

A

The union of the ducts from the seminal vesicle and the ampulla

55
Q

What do the ejaculatory ducts open in?

A

Prostatic urethra

56
Q

What are the 2 functions of the male urethra?

A
  • Urination

- Ejaculation

57
Q

What happens to the epithelium along the male urethra?

A

Changes/transitions

58
Q

What are the 3 sections of the male urethra?

A
  • Prostatic
  • Membranous
  • Penile/spongy
59
Q

What is the external urethral sphincter made of?

A

Skeletal muscle

60
Q

What is the function of the external urethral sphincter?

A

Voluntary control of urination

61
Q

What is the internal sphincter made of?

A

Detrusor muscle

62
Q

What is the function of the internal sphincter?

A

Closes the bladder ensuring sperm is ejaculated through the urethra

63
Q

What is retrograde ejaculate?

A

Sperm that ends up in the bladder due to the Internal sphincter not closing

HUBS 192 (38 decks)

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