Lecture 16: Anatomy of the Thorax & Breathing (ventilation) Flashcards
What are our body cavities lined with?
Serous membranes
What are serous membranes?
Double layer of secretory tissue with fluid between layers
What layer of serous membrane lies on the organ?
Visceral layer
What layer of serous membrane lies on the body wall?
Parietal layer
What are 2 examples of serous membrane in the Thoracic cavity?
- Pericardium
- Pleura
What is an examples of serous membrane in the Abdominopelvic cavity?
Peritoneum
What are 2 devisions of the thoracic cavity?
- Mediastinum
- Pleural cavities
What is contained within the Mediastinum?
3
- Heart
- Vessels
- Pericardium
What is contained within the pleural cavities?
Lungs
What is the anterior boundary of the Thoracic cavity?
Sternum
What is the posterior boundary of the Thoracic cavity?
Thoracic vertebrae
What is the lateral boundary of the Thoracic cavity?
Ribs
What is the superior boundary of the Thoracic cavity?
Base of the neck
What is the Inferior boundary of the Thoracic cavity?
Diaphragm
Why are the Pleural cavities seperate?
So if one stops functioning, you have another
What is the hilum of the lung?
Where the primary bronchus and vessels enter
What is ventilation of the lung driven by?
Pressure changes in the thoracic cavity
What is the relationship of pressure to volume?
Inversely proportional
What happens when the volume of the thorax is changed?
The pressure is also changed
What changes occur to volume during inspiration?
Volume increases
What changes occur to volume during expiration?
Volume decreases
What law determines the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?
Boyle’s Law
What is Boyle’s law equation?
P = 1/V
What is pressure measured by?
Collisions
What does a smaller space mean for collisions and pressure?
More collisions therefore more pressure
What does a bigger space mean for collisions and pressure?
Less collision therefore less pressure
What does air try and move towards?
Lower pressure space