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BIOL 204 > Lecture 20 > Flashcards

Lecture 20 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the segments of the small intestine in the order through which food passes?

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

don’t just ignite

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2
Q

Which valve is found at the junction of the small and large intestines?

A

Ileocecal

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3
Q

The term ___ refers to the small fingerlike projections of the lining of the small intestine.

A

villi

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4
Q

The mucus-secreting cells in the epithelium of the intestine are called ______ cells.

A

goblet

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5
Q

List, in order from top to bottom, the segments of the small intestine.

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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6
Q

What is a lacteal?

A

A lymphatic capillary within a villus used for lipid absorption

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7
Q

The middle and longest section of the small intestine is the ______.

A

jejunum

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8
Q

The valve at the junction of the small intestine and large intestines is the ___ valve.

A

ileocecal

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9
Q

The fringe of microvilli on the apical surface of an epithelial cell which serves to increase surface area for absorption is also known as the ___ border.

A

brush

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10
Q

What are the villi of the small intestine?

A

Fingerlike projections of mucosa

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11
Q

The tubular glands within the mucosa and submucosa of the small intestine are called intestinal ___.

A

crypts

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12
Q

What is a goblet cell?

A

A mucus-secreting epithelial cell

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13
Q

What are the strips of longitudinal muscle fibers in the colon called?

A

taenia coli

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14
Q

A lymphatic capillary within the core of an intestinal villus, necessary for the absorption of lipids, is called a(n) ___.

A

lacteal

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15
Q

Pouches that form the walls of the large intestine are called ___.

A

haustra

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16
Q

The primary secretion of the glands in the large intestine is ___.

A

mucus

17
Q

Which enzymes are located within the plasma membrane of enterocytes in the small intestine?

A

Brush border enzymes

18
Q

What are the intestinal crypts of the small intestine?

A

Tubular glands within the mucosa and submucosa

19
Q

The term gut ___ is the collective name for the many species of bacteria residing in the large intestine.

A

microbiome or flora

20
Q

The strips of longitudinal muscle shown in the figure are the ___ coli.

A

taenia

21
Q

What are haustra?

A

Pouches along the length of the colon

22
Q

The stimulus for the ___ reflex is stretching of the rectum.

A

defecation

23
Q

Within the large intestine, mucus is secreted by goblet cells located where?

A

Intestinal crypts

24
Q

Which three nervous system components mediate the defecation reflex?
- submucosal nerve plexus
- sympathetic nervous system
- spinal cord
- pelvic nerves
- meyenteric nerve plexus

A

meyenteric plexus
spinal cord
pelvic nerves

25
Q

The fringe of microvilli on the apical surface of an epithelial cell which serves to increase surface area for absorption is also known as the ___ border.

A

brush

26
Q

Of the two anal sphincters, the ______ anal sphincter is under voluntary control and the ______ anal sphincter is under involuntary control.

A

external, internal

27
Q

The gut microbiome refers to the many species of bacteria residing where?

A

Large intestine

28
Q

What are the strips of longitudinal muscle fibers in the colon called?

A

Taenia coli

29
Q

Choose all that are stimuli for defecation.
- stretching of the sigmoid colon
- stretching of the stomach
- stretching of the descending colon
- scretching of the rectum

A

Stretching of the sigmoid colon
Stretching of the descending colon
Stretching of the rectum

30
Q

What are two effects of the defecation reflexes?
- relaxation of the external anal sphincter
- mass movements within the ascending colon
- relaxation of the internal anal sphincter
- peristalsis in the rectum

A

Relaxation of the internal anal sphincter
Peristalsis in the rectum

31
Q

The ___ anal sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle.

A

external

32
Q

The stimulus for the ___ reflex is stretching of the rectum.

A

defecation

BIOL 204 (35 decks)

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