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Biology 202- Organism Biology > Lab exam 1 > Flashcards

Lab exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

how many nuclei does giardia possess

A

2 nuclei

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2
Q

what is trichonympha

A

a parabasilid found in the guts of termites to help them digest lignin and cellulose in wood. They have multiple flagella

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3
Q

what is trichomonas

A

causes sexually transmitted diseases mucosal surfaces

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4
Q

what is trypanosome

A

a kinetoplastid that causes african sleeping sickness

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5
Q

euglena are ___________

A

mixotrophic

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6
Q

how does conjugation differ from sexual reproduction

A

no new cells form

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7
Q

paramecium is a _________ and has _________

A

ciliate and has cilia

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8
Q

two common dinoflagellates

A

noctiluca- bioluminensce

ceritium- red tide, algae bloom

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9
Q

what disease is caused by plasmodium

A

malaria via mosquitoes

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10
Q

What is the cell was of a diatom made of ?

A

silica

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11
Q

What structures project out of the pores in formaninferan tests of a living cell ?

A

pseudopodia

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12
Q

what makes up the tests of formaninifera

A

silica

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13
Q

amebas are ______________ and have ________________ just like paramecium

A

amoebozoas contractile vascuoles

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14
Q

how do amebas move ? eat ?

A

pseudopodia

phagocytosis

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15
Q

the fruiting body stage __________

A

multicellular reproductive stage

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16
Q

what is the name of pigment that makes red algae red?

A

phycoerythrin

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17
Q

in what environment would you find chylmidamonas

A

freshwater

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18
Q

chylmidamonas- how many cells make up this colonial green alga

A

4 cells

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19
Q

how does volvox move

A

flagella

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20
Q

how many cell layers thick in ulva

A

2 cells thick

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21
Q

what organelle does spirogyra have that we do not recognize

A

chloroplasts

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22
Q

chara is more closely related to

A

land plants

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23
Q

female reproductive structure in flowering plants

A

carpel

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24
Q

male reproductive structure in flowering plants

A

stamen

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25
Q

parts of carpel

A

ovary
stigma
style

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26
Q

parts of stamen

A

anther filament

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27
Q

produces polen

A

anther

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28
Q

holds up anther

A

filament

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29
Q

sticky portion of flower that attracts pollen

A

stigma

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30
Q

holds up stigma

A

style

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31
Q

produces ovules in sepal

A

ovary

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32
Q

sporophyte generation is

A

diploid 2n

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33
Q

gametophyte generation is

A

haploid n

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34
Q

_____________________ are located within the synangia of wiskferns produce spores

A

sporangia

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35
Q

_____________ are produced in the sporangium

A

sporocytes

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36
Q

_____________ is the entire generation of sporangia

A

sporophyte

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37
Q

_______________ are produced in the gametangium

A

gametes

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38
Q

______________ is the entire generation of gametangium

A

gametophyte

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39
Q

female reproductive structure of non flowering plants

A

archegonium

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40
Q

male reproductive structure of non flowering plants

A

antheridium

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41
Q

fertilization of non flowering plants occurs in the

A

archegonium

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42
Q

archegonium produces

A

gametes-eggs

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43
Q

antheridium produces

A

gametes-sperm

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44
Q

dominant generation for vascular plants and club mosses

A

sporophyte

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45
Q

dominant generation for non vascular plants

A

gametophyte

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46
Q

_______________ uses ___________ for nutrition

A

embryonic sporophyte

female gametophyte

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47
Q

characteristics of a monocots

A
  • one cotyledon
  • multiples of 3 petals
  • parallel vetelatin
  • scattered vascular bundles
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48
Q

characteristics of edicts

A
  • two cotyledons
  • 4/5 multiples of petals
  • patterened vetelatin
  • vascular bundles in rings
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49
Q

dominant generation of a liverwort

A

gametophyte

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50
Q

antheridia and argegonium produce _________

A

gametes

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51
Q

which generation of a moss is dominant ? what is the characteristic of non dominate moss

A

gametophyte. branching.

52
Q

where is fertilization in mossess

A

archegonia

53
Q

what is the plaid level of spores in moss? plaid level of spore capsule?

A

haploid. diploid

54
Q

dominant generation of a club moss?

A

diploid sporophyte

55
Q

selangellia _____________

A

resurrection plant. can survive with or without water

56
Q

what structures are found in the strobili ?

A

sporangium

57
Q

what structure is responsible for photosynthesis in risk ferns

A

stem

58
Q

what is the function of synangia in whisk ferns

A

produce spores

59
Q

characteristic structure of ferns ?

A

sori on underside of leaf

60
Q

what structures are comparable to sori?

strobili

A

club mosses and horsetails

61
Q

what structures are comparable to sori?

synangia

A

whisk ferns

62
Q

what process takes place is synagium

A

meiosis

63
Q

pine leaves are __________ compound

A

pinnately

64
Q

__________ strobili are more familiar

A

female

65
Q

what is the shape of pollen and why

A

mickey mouse more aerodynamic

66
Q

cycad were popular in

A

mesonic era

67
Q

ginkos are _________. there leaves are ___________ compound

A

deciduous

palmately

68
Q

in flowering plants male reproductive structures produce

A

pollen

69
Q

in flowering plants female reproductive structures produce

A

ovaries

70
Q

apple prior to fertilization was the _________ and the seed the ____________

A

ovary

ovule

71
Q

What structures did we observe on the fresh fruit? what is there function?

A

conidiaphors, an a sexual spore of fungus

72
Q

What is the policy level of the hyphae? What is the policy level of the zygospores?

A

The hyphae are haploid. The zygospores are diploid.

73
Q

Is the mushroom the entire fungus? Where is and what is the entire fungus called?

A

No, the mycelium is underground

74
Q

what is the policy level of the mushroom?

A

heterokaryote

75
Q

what are the round structures at the tips of the basidia? how many round structures per basidia?

A

The round structure is the cap and there is 1 per basidia

76
Q

most molds belong to ______________

A

zygomycota

77
Q

What would be the function of such an antibiotic to the fungus producing it?

A

defense against other bacteria

78
Q

The hypha of a mood make up the _____________

A

conidiophores

79
Q

the conidia is _____________. The coniaphores are ________________. They underwent _______________

A

haploid, mitosis, haploid

80
Q

What will the conidia grow into if they are released and land in an optimal environment

A

the conidia will grow into a new mold

81
Q

the morchella, is an asocarp. What is the policy level of an asocarp?

A

heterokaryotic

82
Q

How many ascospores are in each ascus? were these ascospores produced by mitosis or meiosis?

A

8 ascospores are in each.

They are produced by both mitosis and meiosis.

83
Q

What did the fresh yeast smell like? what type of fermentation does yeast undergo?

A

like bread. Undergoes alcoholic fermentation

84
Q

sac fungi possess _______________ (reproductive structures) which contain __________________ which produce __________________ by meiosis

A

ascocarps
asci
ascospores

85
Q

club fungi possess _________________ (reproductive structures) which contain _________________ which produce haploid _______________ by meiosis

A

basidiocarp
basidia
basidiospore

86
Q

Molds, this the group zygomycota) has diploid zygotes called ________________________ are produce by plasmogamy and karyogamy. Contained within these ______________________, the zygote undergoes meiosis to produce _________________________

A

zygospores
zygosporangium
haploid spores

87
Q

Why do lichens appear green or brown like photosynthetic fungi.

A

Due to unicellular green algae or cyanobacteria

88
Q

Which group of lichens grow on rocks

A

crustose

89
Q

which group of lichens grow on twigs and branches

A

fructose and foliose

90
Q

Why do you suppose the surface of lichens is a optimal location for green algae

A

unicellular green algae are photosynthetic go growing near surface will allow the algae to absorb list better

91
Q

what is the axillary bud and were is it located

A

axillary bud is found at the base of leaves (at the nodes) and eventually gives rise to shoots

92
Q

What is the function of the apical bud? What is located in the apical bud?

A

found at the shoot tip

it is the location of the apical meristem

93
Q

what will the leaf primordial become?

A

the leaves

94
Q

helianthus is a ______________ and the vascular bundles are _____________

A

eudicot

in a ring

95
Q

The tissue between the vascular bundles is tissue that connects the cortex to the pith. Is it vascular tissue or ground tissue?

A

vascular tissue

96
Q

In a zea root it is a _______________ and the vascular bundles are __________

A

monocot

scattered

97
Q

What types of cells make up the xylem?

A
  • tracheids

- vessel elements

98
Q

what types of cells make up the phloem

A
  • sieve tube members

- companion cells

99
Q

is asparagus a monocot or eudicot?

A

monocot parallel ventilation

100
Q

what 3 structures make up the bark?

A
  • secondary phloem
  • cork cambium
  • cork
101
Q

what 2 structures make up periderm

A
  • cork cambium

- cork

102
Q

what makes up wood

A

secondary xylem

103
Q

how is the age of wood determined?

A

age is determined by growth rings

104
Q

describe early wood vs late wood

A

early wood+ large cells and thin walls

late wood= small cell and thick wall

105
Q

________________ contains functional secondary xylem

A

sapewood

106
Q

_____________________ contains non-functional secondary xylem

A

heartwood

107
Q

Did we see sapwood or heartwood?

A

heartwood

108
Q

What cells make up the epidermis

A
  • epidermal cells
  • guard cells
  • trichomes
109
Q

is the epidermis present in the secondary stem

A

no the epidermis is a boundary between plant and external environment

110
Q

are the coleus leaves simple or compound

A

palmately compound

111
Q

is the arrangement of veins within the leaves parallel or reticulate?

A

reticulate

112
Q

does this make coleus a monocot or a eudicot ?

A

eudicot

113
Q

which epidermal layer would be optimal for finding the most guard cells and stomata?

A

lower have more stomata

114
Q

What do guard cells regulate

A

guard cells regulate the exit of water and O2. and the entrance of CO2

115
Q

Where the guard cells open or closed why?

A

the guard cells and stomata were open because of the presence of water.

116
Q

what is the difference between the palisade layer and the spongy mesophyll

A

the palisade layer contains more chloroplasts than the spongy mesophyll

117
Q

what type of ground tissue cells makes up the cortex

A

parenchyma cels

118
Q

To what tissue system does the pericycle belong?

A

dermal tissue system

119
Q

the core of parenchyma cells in a monocle core is made of ________ tissue

A

ground

120
Q

_________________ regulates entry of water and nutrients into root tissue

A

epidermis

121
Q

What zone is the root hair located

A

zone of differentiation

122
Q

what is the function of apical meristem

A

primary growth. They are undifferentiated cells

123
Q

what is the function of the root cap

A

the root cap protects root tip

124
Q

what type of organisms lives within nodules

A

nitrogen fixing bacteria

125
Q

what do the plants receive from the mutualism and what do the symbionts

A

tha plant receives useable form of nitrogen. The bacteria receive nutrients from host.

Biology 202- Organism Biology (30 decks)

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