Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathogenic Microbiology > Lab 2 > Flashcards

Lab 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Petroff-hauser chamber is used for which counting technique?

What type of medium is mostly done with this?

A

Direct Count

Milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 types of direct count

A

Direct microscope

Most probable number

Standard Plate Count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drinking water safety is determined by this type of cell count?

What bacteria is the indicator

A

MPN

Coliforms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Coliforms found in the intestine of warm-blooded animals ferments _____ to produce acid and gas

A

Lactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is 1 ml on the pipette machine

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Between any two numbers on the pipette machine is how much volume of liquid?

A

.1ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Test tube B has a dilution of 10,000 what is the plate dilution rate of

1ml

.1ml

A

10,000
100,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Test tube C has a dilution of 1,000,000 what will the plate dilution be from

1ml
.1ml

A

1,000,000
10,000,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Test tube A (10ml) 1:100 dilution

.1ml is added to testtube B (9.9ml)

What is B’s dilution?

A

1:10,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Test tube B (10ml) at 1:10,000 dilution

.1ml is added to

Testtube C (9.9ml)

What is the total dilution?

A

1,000,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name of machine used in class with the electrode that counts the cells

A

Quebec colony counter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dilutions from 4 plates used in the Standard Plate Count

A

1:10,000
1:100,000
1:1,000,000
1:10,000,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The bacteria we looked at which was a Mesophile.

Grows in Temps between 25 - 45 C

A

Serratia marcescens & Escherichia coli & B cereus

Optimum temp 37c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This bacteria grew best at .5% NaCl

A

Escherichia coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which bacteria grew best at a salt range between 5% - 10%

A

S. epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

E coli has which kind of oxygen requirements

A

Facultative anaerobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has which kind of oxygen requirements

A

Obligate aerobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Staphylococcus epidermidis has which kind of oxygen requirements

A

Faculative anaerobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the purpose of thioglycolate?

A

To make different oxygen requirements in a broth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which test did we use the needle to inoculate

A

Do determine oxygen requirements with thioglycolate tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

E. Coli best level of salt

This is a good card

A

.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

S. Epidermidis grows best at which salt range

A

7.5 - 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bacillus cereus, E. Coli, and Staphylococcus epidermidis all have this oxygen requirement

A

Facultative Anaerobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has this oxygen requirement?

A

Obligate aerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Temp range

-5 - 15 c

A

Psychrophile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Temp range

15 - 30 fridge temps

A

Psychrotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Temp range

25 - 45 c Human body temperature

A

Mesophile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Temp range

45 - 70 c

A

Thermophile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Temp range

70 c +

A

Hyperthermophile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Oxygen requirements

Require oxygen

Which species did we look at like this

A

Obligate aerobe

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Oxygen requirements

Will die in presence of oxygen

Which species did we look at like this

A

Anaerobic

None

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Oxygen requirements

Does not require oxygen but does best with it

Which species did we look at like this

A

Facultative anaerobe

E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Oxygen requirements

These species require only a small amount of oxygen

Which species did we look at like this

A

Microaerophile

None

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

After several days what happens to halobacterium in a 35 % salt

A

It turns red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the red pigment halobacterium produces

A

Prodigiosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The availability of water is called…

And the values are 0 -1 the close to 1 the more…

A

Water activity

More water is available to the cell for metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

These types of organisms grow where sugar concentration is high

A

Osmophiles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

2 common methods to obtain pure cultures

A

Streak plating & pour plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

How are counts on Standard Plate Count reported as

A

Colony forming units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What numbers of CFU’s are considered statically viable

A

30 - 300

41
Q

What is an example of “indirect method “ of counting cells

A

Turbidity

Spectroscopy

42
Q

Oxygen requirements

Growth only just below the surface

A

Microaerophile

43
Q

Oxygen requirements

Growth only at the bottom

What did we look at like this

A

Strict anaerobe

None

44
Q

Oxygen requirements

Uniform growth throughout the entire tube

A

Aerotolerent anaerobe

45
Q

Oxygen requirements

Growth throughout but mostly at the top

What did we look at like this

A

Facultative anaerobe

B cereus, E coli, S epidermidis

46
Q

Oxygen requirements

Growth only at the top

What species did we look at like this

A

Obligate aerobe

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

47
Q

Advantages of the 2 pure culture techniques

A
  1. Streak plate method: less equipment needed and quicker
    (This is the one we did in class)
  2. Pour plate method: Is easier to get good results than streak plate which can require practice.
48
Q

Serial dilution

10-⁴, 10-⁵, 10-⁶

A

1/10,000
1/100,000
1/1,000,000

49
Q

Standard Plate count Alt method

From Culture to 3 bottles what is the dilution and amount of liquid transferred?

What is the amount of liquid transferred to 4 plates and dilution

A

Oringal Bottle to A: 1:100, B 1:10,000 C 1:1,000,000 (1ml) for each transfer

From bottle B 1ml 1:10,000 & .1ml 1:100,000

From bottle C 1ml 1,000,000 & .1ml 1:10,000,000

50
Q

Thymine dimers are

A

Pair of abnormally chemically bonded adjacent thymine bases in DNA caused by UV light

51
Q

Which wave length is moat dangerous to bacteria

A

260 nm. It is the wave length which DNA maximumly absorbs UV light

52
Q

Which bacteria (Bacillus megaterium or Staphylococcus epidermidis) is more resistant to uv light and why?

A

Bacillus megaterium due to endospore formation

53
Q

How do bacteria repair UV damage

A
  1. Photoreactivation
    In many procaryotic and eucaryotic cells, photoreactivating enzyme mediates light-dependent repair of UV-induced damage: the enzyme binds to a pyrimidine dimer in DNA, and, on absorption of a photon (300-600 nm), specifically monomerizes the dimer, thus repairing the DNA
  2. Nucleotide excision
  3. SOS repair
54
Q

Which of the following are “total counts or viable counts”

MPN
MICROSCOPIC COUNT
STANDARD PLATE COUNT
TURBIDITY

A

Viable
Total
Viable
Total

55
Q

How would you get a bacterial culture to a 1:10 dilution/ 1:100

From a Pure solution

On a plate count

A

1:10 plate .1ml liquid culture

1:100 add 1 ml to liquid culture and plate .1ml

56
Q

Bacterial cell in the following environment, will it (Solution) be Hyper,Hypo,Isotonic

.5%
5%
10%
15%

A

Iso
Hyper
Hyper
Hyper

57
Q

How can an anaerobic condition be made in a jar?

A

Gaspak system.

Water is added forming hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide.

Palladium a Catalyst, catalyzes the formation of Water

Combining Hydrogen & Oxygen

Removing the Oxygen

58
Q

In a Wrights tube how are anaerobic conditions created?

A

On the nutrient agar slant

NaOH oxidizes Pyrogalloland removing Oxygen

59
Q

How does Oxyrase plate work?

A

It makes an anaerobic environment for the medium itself

60
Q

Ingredient in Brewers anaerobic agar that removes oxygen

A

Thioglycolate’s free sulfhydral group reduces any O² present

61
Q

Which species turned pink in 25C mesophile range

A

Serratia Marcescens

Shower slime mold

62
Q

What are Psychrophile Ranges

A

-5 -15C

63
Q

What are Psychrotrophe ranges

A

15 - 30 Fridge temps

64
Q

What are mesophile ranges

A

25 - 45C

65
Q

What are Thermophile ranges

A

45 - 70

66
Q

What are hyperthermophile ranges

A

70+ C

67
Q

S. aureus is gram positive and is most harmed by Disinfectants or Antibiotics

A

Disinfectants

68
Q

Lysol, 1:10 bleach, Isopropyl alcohol are…

A

Disinfectants

69
Q

Hydrogen peroxide, listerine, Betadine, 5% aqueos Iodine

A

Antiseptics

70
Q

The least effective antibiotic was

A

Penicillin

71
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has this gram status

A

Negative

72
Q

Streptomycin broad or narrow spectrum

A

Broad

73
Q

Betadine is a type of Antiseptic that contains…

Is it effective

A

Iodine

Very

74
Q

Polymyxin is this spectrum of antibiotic

A

Narrow

75
Q

Sulphadiazine broad or narrow spectrum

A

Broad

76
Q

Is penicillin broad or narrow spectrum

A

Narrow

77
Q
  • is resistant or sensitive to a drug

+ is resistant or sensitive to a drug

Where did the growth go to

A
  • resistant No Destruction of bacterial growth

+ is sensitive Destruction of bacterial growth

  • All the
78
Q

Human body temperature in C

A

37

79
Q

At which temperature did all species experience best growth

A

38 mesophile range

80
Q

Which type of bacteria best survive high osmotic pressure

A

Halophiles Halobacterium salinarium

81
Q

What does pink mean in a thioglycolate broth

A

Presence of oxygen

82
Q

Media used for osmotic pressure

A

Agar plates with varying concentration of salt

83
Q

List organsimis in order of resistance to osmotic pressure

A

Halobacterium salinarium Most
Staphylococcus epidermidis 2nd
E coli Least

84
Q

List species and results of thioglycolate tubes (4)

A

E coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (Facultative anaerobe)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Obligate aerobe

85
Q

Water activity and osmotic pressure

Name 3 species and the results

A

E coli grew best at .5%
S epidermidis grew best at 5-10%
Halobacterium salinarium grew best at 35%

86
Q

Medium used for temperature sensitivity

A

Nutrient broth

87
Q

Technique and medium used for osmotic pressure

A

Agar plate / single streak

88
Q

Temps used for growth, which had the best results

A

5, 25, 38, 55

38

89
Q

Salt concentration used for osmotic pressure

A

. 5
5
10
25

90
Q

Bacteria used for UV light exposure
Which survived better

A

B. Megaterium (Better)
S. epidermidis

91
Q

How many times more resistant was B. megaterium than S. epidermidis

A

5 times

92
Q

Method used for UV light exposure

A

Streak each plate with a swab of bacteria broth twice at 90 degree angles & around the outside. Creates a Bacterial lawn

93
Q

Times for UV light exposure and which time did they grow in

A

30 seconds
60 seconds
5 minutes
15 minutes
30 minutes

30sec- 5 mins

94
Q

Technique used for evaluation of Disinfectants and antiseptics

A

Filter Paper Disc Method
•3 nutrient agar plates for each culture: Sa, Psa, Ec
•1 plate for control for each culture
•Swab 2 of each nutrient agar plate thoroughly for each culture: Sa, Psa, Ec
•Sterilize tweezer in between each disc with Bunsen burner
•Dip each disc into each solution and place disc in appropriate area on plates
•1 of each swabbed culture plate used for Antseptics: Betadine, Listerine, Hydrogen Peroxide
•1 of each swabbed culture plate used for Disinfectants: 1:10 Bleach, 5% Lysol, Isopropyl Alcohol, 5% aqueous iodine

95
Q

Organsims used for antiseptics & disinfectants

A

S. aureus & P. aeruginosa

96
Q

Media used for Antimicrobic Sensitivity Testing: Kirby Bauer Method

A

5 Mueller-Hinton (MH) Agar plates

97
Q

The Zone of inhibition is …

A

circular area around the spot of the antibiotic in which the bacteria colonies do not grow.

98
Q

The purpose of this test is to test the sensitivity or resistance of aerobic or facultative anaerobes to various microbial compounds

A

Kirby-bauer

99
Q

General Zones of inhibition and their significance

A

<14 Zone is smaller than 14 Resistant
15-17 intermediate
>18 Zone is bigger than 18 Sensitive

Pathogenic Microbiology (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions