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Pathogenic Microbiology > Chapter 7 Supplemental > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Supplemental Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which strand only uses DNA ligase

A

Lagging

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2
Q

The origin of replication happens only in this

A

DNA replication

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3
Q

Transcription starts at and ends where?

A

Promoter and terminator

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4
Q

This uses RNA polymerase to build a new strand

A

Transcription

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5
Q

These type of cells use Poly & Monocistronic

These only use mono

A

Prokaryotic

Eukaryotic

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6
Q

_______ help RNA polymerase to find the promoter

A

Sigma factors

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7
Q

Protein synthesis consists of

A

Transcription & Translation

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8
Q

How are R Groups formed

A

Hydrogen bonds between Alpha helixes and Beta sheets

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9
Q

3rd protien structure consists of

A

Globulins & fiber

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10
Q

In Translation UAA, UAG and UGA are

A

Stop codons

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11
Q

In Translation AUG is…

A

Start codons & methionine

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12
Q

What are known as “translation machines”

A

Ribosomes

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13
Q

A “shipping tag” is known as this in protiens

A

Signal Sequence

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14
Q

The 5’ cap and 3’ polyAtail do this to mRNA

A

Protect

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15
Q

Are 70s ribosomes found in Eukaryotic cells

A

Yes in the mitochondria

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16
Q

What are the stop codons in translation.

The start Condon in translation

A

UAA, UGA, UAG

AUG

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17
Q

Which process is rna polymerase used in?

A

Transcription

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18
Q

______ uses a Promoter & Terminator to tell RNA polymerase to start and stop coding copies of a protein

A

Transcription

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19
Q

_____ uses start and stop codons to tell the ribosome how to make a protein

A

Translation

20
Q

Making mRNA is called

A

Transcription

21
Q

Using RNA to make a protein is called

A

Translation

22
Q

Deoxyadenosine consist of

A

Deoxyribose & nitrogen base

23
Q

Deoxyadenosine-5’ phosphate consists of….

A

Deoxyribose, nitrogen base, and phosphate group

24
Q

Hydrogen bonds break to expose info in…

A

Active genes

25
Q

_____ zips together individual DNA nucleotides to form new DNA strand

A

DNA polymerase

26
Q

______ Fills in links between any gaps in a new DNA strand

A

DNA ligase

27
Q

Area where RNA folds on itself with hydrogen bonding

A

Stem loops

28
Q

____ reads the mRNA code

A

rRNA

29
Q

The DNA strand is read in this direction.

So, RNA can be built in this direction

A

3 - 5 read

5 - 3 built

30
Q

Sequence of mRNA to which the ribosome binds ______

The first AUG after this is where translation begins

A

Ribosome binding site

31
Q

Ribosome reads mRNA in which direction

A

5 - 3

32
Q

What acts as an “on / off “ switch for control of transcription

A

Operator

33
Q

Eukaryotic gene regulation consists of

  1. Modifying structure of chromosomes
  2. Regulating transcription initation.
  3. Altering pre mRNA processing

These processes are known as….

A

RNA interference

34
Q

_____ locates the mRNA strand to be silenced then tags it for destruction by the RISC

A

Short RNA

35
Q

_____ nitrogen base in place of thymine in RNA

A

Uracil

36
Q

Where do replicating forks meet in DNA replication

A

Termination site

37
Q

DNA ligase forms ____ bonds between adjacent nucleotides of Okazaki Fragements

A

Covalent

38
Q

Complex of enzymes and other proteins that synthesize DNA

A

Replisome

39
Q

______ defines coding region

A

Nucleotide sequence

40
Q

A set of control genes transcribed as a single mRNA along with its control sequence is termed

A

Operon

41
Q

Seperate operons controlled by single regulatory mechanism constitute…

A

Regulon

42
Q

Inducer binding to ____ allows binding to DNA

A

Activator

43
Q

When both glucose and lactose are available _____ prevents expression of genes that metabolize lactose

A

Carbon catabolite repression

44
Q

What yields diauxic growth

A

Carbon catabolite repression

45
Q

What is the inducer of CAP

A

cAMP

46
Q

____ describes mRNA corresponding to multiple genes whose expression is controlled by a single promoter and terminator

A

Polycistronic

Pathogenic Microbiology (31 decks)

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