Chapter 7 Supplemental Flashcards
Which strand only uses DNA ligase
Lagging
The origin of replication happens only in this
DNA replication
Transcription starts at and ends where?
Promoter and terminator
This uses RNA polymerase to build a new strand
Transcription
These type of cells use Poly & Monocistronic
These only use mono
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
_______ help RNA polymerase to find the promoter
Sigma factors
Protein synthesis consists of
Transcription & Translation
How are R Groups formed
Hydrogen bonds between Alpha helixes and Beta sheets
3rd protien structure consists of
Globulins & fiber
In Translation UAA, UAG and UGA are
Stop codons
In Translation AUG is…
Start codons & methionine
What are known as “translation machines”
Ribosomes
A “shipping tag” is known as this in protiens
Signal Sequence
The 5’ cap and 3’ polyAtail do this to mRNA
Protect
Are 70s ribosomes found in Eukaryotic cells
Yes in the mitochondria
What are the stop codons in translation.
The start Condon in translation
UAA, UGA, UAG
AUG
Which process is rna polymerase used in?
Transcription
______ uses a Promoter & Terminator to tell RNA polymerase to start and stop coding copies of a protein
Transcription
_____ uses start and stop codons to tell the ribosome how to make a protein
Translation
Making mRNA is called
Transcription
Using RNA to make a protein is called
Translation
Deoxyadenosine consist of
Deoxyribose & nitrogen base
Deoxyadenosine-5’ phosphate consists of….
Deoxyribose, nitrogen base, and phosphate group
Hydrogen bonds break to expose info in…
Active genes
_____ zips together individual DNA nucleotides to form new DNA strand
DNA polymerase
______ Fills in links between any gaps in a new DNA strand
DNA ligase
Area where RNA folds on itself with hydrogen bonding
Stem loops
____ reads the mRNA code
rRNA
The DNA strand is read in this direction.
So, RNA can be built in this direction
3 - 5 read
5 - 3 built
Sequence of mRNA to which the ribosome binds ______
The first AUG after this is where translation begins
Ribosome binding site
Ribosome reads mRNA in which direction
5 - 3
What acts as an “on / off “ switch for control of transcription
Operator
Eukaryotic gene regulation consists of
- Modifying structure of chromosomes
- Regulating transcription initation.
- Altering pre mRNA processing
These processes are known as….
RNA interference
_____ locates the mRNA strand to be silenced then tags it for destruction by the RISC
Short RNA
_____ nitrogen base in place of thymine in RNA
Uracil
Where do replicating forks meet in DNA replication
Termination site
DNA ligase forms ____ bonds between adjacent nucleotides of Okazaki Fragements
Covalent
Complex of enzymes and other proteins that synthesize DNA
Replisome
______ defines coding region
Nucleotide sequence
A set of control genes transcribed as a single mRNA along with its control sequence is termed
Operon
Seperate operons controlled by single regulatory mechanism constitute…
Regulon
Inducer binding to ____ allows binding to DNA
Activator
When both glucose and lactose are available _____ prevents expression of genes that metabolize lactose
Carbon catabolite repression
What yields diauxic growth
Carbon catabolite repression
What is the inducer of CAP
cAMP
____ describes mRNA corresponding to multiple genes whose expression is controlled by a single promoter and terminator
Polycistronic
