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Pathogenic Microbiology > Chapter 11 Diversity of Archaea & Bacteria > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Diversity of Archaea & Bacteria Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Photosynthetic organisms that do not produce O²

A

Anoxygenic Phototrophs

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2
Q

Organisms that harvest energy by oxidizing inorganic chemicals

A

Chemolithrotrops

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3
Q

Organisms that harvest energy by oxidizing organic chemicals

A

Chemoorganotrophs

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4
Q

Gram-positive bacteria that produce lactic acid as a major end product of their fermentative metabolism

A

Lactic acid bacteria

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5
Q

Archaea that obtain energy by oxidizing hydrogen gas, using CO² as a terminal electron acceptor, thereby generating methane

A

Methanogens

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6
Q

Gram-negative bacteria that from multicellular “fruiting bodies”

A

Myxobacteria

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7
Q

Gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic nitrogen compounds such as Ammonium or Nitrite

A

Nitrifiers

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8
Q

Photosynthetic organisms that produce O²

A

Oxygenic Phototrophs

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9
Q

Long, helical bacteria that have flexible cell walls and endoflagella

A

Spirochetes

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10
Q

Gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy by oxidizing elemental Sulfur ans reduced Sulfur compounds, generating sulfuric acid

A

Sulfur Oxidizing bacteria

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11
Q

Lacking O²

A

Anoxic

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12
Q

These Anaerobic Chemolithrotrops are Gram-positive endospores named ______ cause disease including tetanus, gas gangrene, and botulism

A

Clostridium

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13
Q

Lactic acid bacteria can be distinguished from other bacteria that grow in the presence of O² how.

A

Lack of catalase

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14
Q

Difference between Lactococcus and Enterococcus

A

Lacto make cheese

Entero live in the intestines

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15
Q

Methanogens are _____ that oxidize Hydrogen gas, using CO² as a terminal electron acceptor, to generate methan

A

Archaea

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16
Q

The sulfur/sulfate reducing bacteria oxidize _____________, with sulfar/sulfate serving as a terminal electron acceptor, to generate hydrogen sulfide.

A

Organic compounds

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17
Q

Clostridia, the lactic acid bacteria, and Propionibacterium species oxidize organic compounds, with ________ serving as the Terminal electron acceptor

A

Organic compounds

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18
Q

Photosynthetic organisms that do not produce O²

A

Anoxygenic phototrophs

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19
Q

Anoxygenic Phototrophs have this type of chlorophyll

A

Bacteriochlorophyll

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20
Q

A group of anoxygenic Phototrophs who unlike other Phototrophs have all of their photosynthetic apparatuses contained in the cytoplasmic membrane.

They vary in color from red, orange, or purple

A

Purple bacteria

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21
Q

These bacteria have gas vesicles, allowing boyency, and store Sulfur in intracellular granules.

They use hydrogen sulfide to generate reducing power

A

Purple Sulfur bacteria

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22
Q

These bacteria use a variety of organic molecules rather than hydrogen sulfide for reducing power.

Lack gas vesicles

Store Sulfur in granules outside the cell

A

Purple non-sulfur bacteria

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23
Q

Purple bacteria are Gram _____

A

Negative

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24
Q

Green bacteria are a group of Gram______ anoxygenic Phototrophs that are green to brown in color

A

Negative

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25
Q

Use hydrogen sulfide as a source of electrons for reducing power and form granules for Sulfur outside the cell.

Some photosynthetic pigments are located in a structure called Chlorosomes

A

Green Sulfur bacteria

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26
Q

Anoxygenic Phototrophs include

A

Green and purple Sulfur bacteria and purple non-sulfur bacteria

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27
Q

An example of oxygenic phototroph is…

A

Cynobacteria

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28
Q

Gram-negative oxygenic Phototrophs, genetically related to chloroplasts

A

Cyanobacteria

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29
Q

These photosynthetic organisms use water as a source of electrons for reducing power

A

Oxygenic Phototrophs (Cynobacteria)

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30
Q

Cynobacteria form multicellular association called

A

Trichomes

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31
Q

What allows cynobacteria to rise to the surface?

A

Gas vesicles

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32
Q

Aerobic chemolithrotrops obtain energy by oxidizing ___________, using O² as a terminal electron acceptor

A

Reduced inorganic chemicals

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33
Q

Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria obtain energy by oxidizing Sulfur, ______ serves as a terminal electron acceptor. Generating sulfuric acid

A

O²

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34
Q

Can obligate aerobes ferment?

A

No

35
Q

What is the source of hydrogen and Electrons in oxygenic Phototrophs

A

Water

36
Q

How is oxygen produced by oxygenic Phototrophs

A

Breaking up water

37
Q

Which group did we look at who are mostly responsible for nitrogen fixing

A

Cynobacteria

38
Q

2 pigments in cynobacteria

A

Chlorophyll & phycobiliproteins

39
Q

Which group produces stinky blooms on stagnant lakes and ponds

A

Cynobacteria

40
Q

Anoxygenic Phototrophs get their electrons for reducing from.

2

A

Hydrogen sulfide (H²S) & Organic compounds

41
Q

The pigment in purple bacteria is part of the …

A

Cell membrane

42
Q

Which anoxygenic groups prefers H²S as a reducing source (2)

A

Purple & Green Sulfur bacteria

43
Q

Purple & Green non-sulfur use ______ as a reducing source

A

Organic matter

44
Q

Whose “final product” is Sulfur Granules

A

Green Sulfur

45
Q

Causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Via ticks / lice

A

Rickettsia

46
Q

How does Rickettsia give Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

A

Transfers blood from Infected host to a healthy host

47
Q

This obligate intracellular bacteria forms a spore like structure.

Transmission between host is easier because of this

A

Coxiella

48
Q

Reticulate body: inside cells

Elementary body: outside cells

A

Chlamydia

49
Q

Archaea families are aka

A

Z groups

50
Q

This Z group or family of archaea that are

Methane producing
Extreme halophiles
Extreme thermophiles

A

Euryarchaeota

51
Q

This Z group or family of archaea

Some are hyper Thermophiles

All are Extreme Thermophilic Acidophiles

A

Crenarchaeota

52
Q

Some archaea use _____ & ______ as a Final Electron Acceptor to form H²S Hydrogen Sulfide

A

Sulfur & Sulfate

53
Q

Some archaea oxidize Hydrogen gas and use ____ as a final electron acceptor to form Methane CH⁴

A

CO²

54
Q

Some archaea are sulfur oxidizers & use Oxygen as a final electron acceptor to form ______

A

Sulfuric Acid

55
Q

Micrococcus, Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas

And the Genera Thermus & Deinococcus

Have this energy and electron acceptor

A

Oxidize organic compounds & use O² as a terminal electron acceptor

56
Q

Most Corynebacterium species and all members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the genus vibro have this oxygen requirement

A

Facultative anaerobe

57
Q

The study of physiological mechanics organisms use to thrive in a given environment

A

Ecophysiology

58
Q

This genus of soil living bacteria form a resting cell called a cyst, which can withstand drying and UV but not heat.

A

Azotobacter

59
Q

Bacillus and cloatridia are the most common gram-positive bacteria that _______

A

Form endospores

60
Q

These aerobic Gram-positive bacteria resemble fungi in their pattern of growth.

Form mycelium call hyphae

At the end have dormant spores called conidia

A

Streptomyces

61
Q

These gram-negative rod shapped bacteria cause tumors in plants

A

Agrobacterium

62
Q

Gram-negative rod shapped bacteria that often nitrogen fix and form an intimate relationship with legumes

A

Rhizobia

63
Q

Azobacter, mycobacteria, and streptomyces all produce…

A

Dormant cells that tolerate unfavorable conditions

64
Q

Form chains of cells enclosed within a protective sheath. Swarmer cells move to new locations

A

Sheathed bacteria- Sphaerotilu, leptothrix

65
Q

Appendages increase their surface area. Gram negative

A

Prosthecate bacteria- Caulobacter, Hypomicrobium

66
Q

Some form symbiotic relationships with specific types of squid and fish. Gram negative

A

Bioluminescent bacteria

67
Q

Often resides within protozoa

A

Legionella

68
Q

Very large cigar shapped bacteria that multiply by releasing several daughter cells

A

Epulopiscium

69
Q

Long spiral shapped bacteria that move by means of endoflagella

A

Free living spirochetes

70
Q

Magnetic crystals allow them to move in and out of water

A

Magnetosprillium

71
Q

Spiral shapped microaerophilic bacteria

A

Sprillium

72
Q

Anaerobic chemolithrotrops use inorganic molecules for energy source and ____ as a terminal electron acceptor. Generating hydrogen sulfide

Anaerobic respiration

A

Sulfate

73
Q

Anaerobic chemoorgantrophs use what as both energy use and terminal electron acceptor in Fermentation

A

Organic molecules

74
Q

_____ lives in intestine track of poultry and causes diarrhea in humans

A

C. Jejuni

75
Q

Bordetella gram negative coccobacilli
Causes

A

Kennel cough in dog

76
Q

Coccobacilli found in intestine and gental track of mammals

Important in digestion

A

Bacteroids

77
Q

Lack cell wall and cause “walking pneumonia “

A

Mycoplama

78
Q

This species causes gonorrhea & meningitis

A

Neisseria

79
Q

pathogens caused by ticks are from this species exp. Lyme disease & relapsing fever

A

Borrelia

80
Q

Extreme halophiles are from which phylum?

A

Euryarchaeota

81
Q

Extreme thermophiles / acidphiles are from this phylum

A

Crenarchaeota

82
Q

______ lack cell walls

______ form fruiting bodies

A

Mycoplasma

Myxobacterium

83
Q

Virus that can be transmitted to humans from animals

A

Zoonosis

84
Q

These transmit diseases by transporting the causative agent from contaminated material on their feet or mouth parts and spreading it for human exposure

A

Mechanical vectors

Pathogenic Microbiology (31 decks)

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