Chapter 5 Flashcards
A disinfectant nontoxic enough to be used on the skin
Antiseptic
Procedures that help prevent the accidental introduction of unwanted microbes
Aseptic Technique
Stops the growth of bacteria without killing them
Bacteriostatic
Chemcial that kills many but not all Microbes
Disinfectant
Breif heat treatment that reduces the number of spoilage microorganisms and destroys pathogens
Pasteurization
Inhibiting microbial growth to delay spoilage
Preservation
Free from all viable microbes, including Endospores & Viruses
Sterile
Destruction or removal of all microorganisms and viruses on or in a product
Sterilization
Sterilization does not include prions
True or false
True
Treatment to reduce the number of pathogens to a safe level
Decontamination
Process that reduces the number if pathogens but doesn’t indicate a specific level of control
Sanitization
The set of procedures used to prevent microorganisms from contaminating an environment is called
Aseptic Technique
The biosafety levels (BSLs) are
- Procedures for microbes not known to cause disease in healthy people
- Procedures with moderate-risk microbes with limited potential for transmission
- Procedures with pathogens that cause serious or potentially fatal disease through inhalation
- Procedures for easily transmitted deadly pathogens
What are 2 things that the government measures in the water to ensure its safe to drink
Disinfection by-products ( when chlorine reacts with naturally occuring chemicals in the water)
C. hominis a pathogen that can survive traditional disinfection techniques
______ of Bacillus, Clostridium and related species are the most resistant life forms
Endospores
These disinfectant resistant _____ & ______ of certain Intenstinal protozoan pathogens (Giardia lamblia & Cryptosporidium hominis) found in the feces can be killed by boiling
Protozoan cysts and oocysts
The waxy cell wall of __________ make them resistant to many chemical treatment.
Name an important member of this species
Mycobacteria
M. tuberculosis
These common environmental organisms are not only resistant to some disinfectants but in some cases actually grow in them.
Found in serious Healthcare associated infections
Pseudomonas
Viruses such as polio that do not have a lipid envelope are (more / less) resistant to disinfectants
More
The decimal reduction time or D value is the time it takes …
To kill 90% of a population
Example
A population of 10,000 has the D value of 5 minutes. How many will be left after each of the following times
5 mins
10 mins
15 mins
20 mins
5 mins. 1,000
10 mins 100
15 mins 10
20 mins 1
Med instruments are classified as
Critical
Semicritical
Non-crictical
Define each
Critical come into direct contact with the body and include Needles & Scapules
Semi-cirtical: mucous membranes
Gastrointestinal scopes & endotracheal tubes
Non-critical: contact with non broken skin. Counter tops, stethoscopes,
A chemostat provides …
An open system for bacterial growth
_____ use organic carbon
_____ use inorganic carbon
Hetrotrophs
Autotrophs
What is used to measure vitamins found in food?
Fastidious species
This type of media has a slower growth rate
Chemically defined
Nutrient broth is which type of medium
Complex
Glucose Salt Bath is which type of medium
Chemically defined
Blood agar is which type of medium
Differential
Beta, Alpha, Gamma hemolysis produce
Beta clear zone
Alpha greenish part in clearing
Gamma No interaction with blood
Capnophiles require
What is a good man made environment for them
High CO²
Candle Jars
________ is used to make an Anaerobic medium
Sodium Thioglycolate
This type of agar is best for Intestinal Bacteria
Mcconkey
What is a Pellet?
Centrifuged biomass organisms
What is an upside down tube in another tube called?
What is it used for?
Duran Tube
Measures trapped Gas & Acid production
Bacterial temp range -5 - 15C
Psychrophile
Bacterial temp range
15 - 30c fridge temps
Psychrotrophe
Bacterial temp range
25 - 45c
Mesophile
Bacterial temp range
45 - 70
Thermophile
Bacterial temp range
70+
Hyperthermalphile
These types of bacteria are adapted to high osmotic pressure, from high levels of sugar
Osmophile
Requires high level of salt
Obligate halophile
Can withstand salt S. epidermidis is an example
Halotolerant
