Chapter 22: Skin Infections Flashcards
What is the SALT of the immune system
Skin associated lymphatic tissue
Diphteroids, Staphylococci, and Fungi
Are associated with what in the skin
Normal flora
Found in the forehead, upper chest , and back. Oily regions
Diphtheroids
Malassezia is what kind of microbe commonly associated with the skin
Fungi
This Bacterial infection of the skin
Use strands of hair as route of invasion
Live in sebum & their blockage creates an increase of sebum
Acne vulgaris
A Furuncle is…
Boil filled with pus
Worse than a Furuncle
Large area of redness, swelling, pain, draining pus
Carbuncle
Causative agent of the skin Folliculitis is this bacteria…
Staphylococcus aureus
S aureus has many _____ including
Inhibit phagocytosis
Allow disguise, attachment, colonization
Enzymes that break down host tissue
Toxins that damage host
Virulence factors
_____ from Staphylococcus aureus causes Food Poisoning if injested and Toxic Shock if systemic
Enterotoxins
____ from Staphylococcus aureus causes scaled skin syndrome
Exfoliatin
Leukocidin in Staphylococcus aureus does what
Kills neutrophils/ makes them degranulate
_____ of Staphylococcus aureus Binds to the FC portion of the antibody, interfering with Opsonization, hence phagocytosis
Protein A
Staphylococci cannot survive on fomites
True or False
False
They survive well
SSSS
Epidemiology: which age group
Transmission
Any age. More common in New burns
Person to Person
Pathogenesis
______ is carried by the bloodstream to the epidermidis, causes the outer layer to blister and peel; loss of body fluid and 2ndary infection contribute to mortality
Name is disease and Causative agent
Exofoliatin
SSSS
Staphylococcus aureus
This Bacterial skin infection
Thin Walled blisters break 2 -5 days
Replaced by oozing crust drying plasma
Causative agents / main agent
Name is disease
Streptococcus pyogenes
Staphylococcus aureus
Impetigo
Epidemiology of Impetigo
Most common among ____
Spreads person-to-person, insects and fomites
Pathogenesis: enter through minor breaks in the skin
Poor children of hot humid areas
Impetigo
About 1/2 of the cases of this Bacterial skin infection involve ______ (purplish spots) form due to small hemorrhages under skin
Symptoms include:
Flat pink rash appears first on wrist and ankles and speaks up
Name causative agent & Disease
Petechiae
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rocky mountain spotted fever
This bacteria from this disease
Use host actin as an “actin tail” to move to adjacent host cells
Cells rupture releasing it in to the blood stream
Rickettsia rickettsii
Small red bumps -> painless black eschar
Incubation: 1 - 7 days
Causative agent: _______ , an endospore forming Gram-positive rod
Pathogenesis: Exotoxin caused by cell death
Epidemiology: people who work with live stock. No person-to-person transmission
Vaccine available for at risk people
Bacillus anthracis
Cutaneous anthrax
This viral disease
Begins as small, red spots (macules)
Progresses to little bumps (papules)
Finally small blisters (vesicles)
Varicella (chicken pox)
Why don’t we scratch chicken pox
It will break the skin
Leading to a secondary infection
Reactivation of Vericella (viral disease) will lead to this disease
Shingles
What is the causative agent (virus) of chicken pox
Skin infection
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
The pathogenesis of the Virus is
Enters respitory tract
Establishes an infection
Replicate in the lymph nodes
Travels to the skin via the bloodstream
Name disease and causative agent
Varicella
Varicella-zoster virus
Stained preparations of infected cells of this virus _____ show INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSION BODIES
where virus reproduced
Skin infection
Varicella
Varicella-zoster Virus
This virus travels to the sensory nerve ganglia and becomes latent: hiding in the nerve cell, eventually becoming what?
Skin infection
Varicella-zoster Virus
Shingles
Congenital Varicella Syndrome ( from mother who had chicken pox early in pregnancy) may develop…
Cataracts & Underdeveloped limbs
Immunocompromised at risk for severe VZV infections, partial protection achieved by …..
Injection of Hyperimmune globulin with high concentration of Antibody to VZV
Rubeola is a viral skin infection AKA
Measles
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis is associated with which virus of the skin
Very rare, after Rubeola (measles) 2 - 10 years later ;death by brain degeneration
MMR vaccine is for
Measles (rubeola), Mumps, Rubella (German Measles)
Koplik spots are mucous membranes behind the molars are indicating this disease
Viral skin infection
Rubeola (measels)
Rubella is a viral skin infection aka
German measles
The 5th viral skin disease aka Erythema infectiosum
Is caused by _____
Preferentially infects bone marrow cells
Parvovirus B-19
This caused by herpesvirus type 6 is common in children
Dangerous high fever
No vaccine or treatment
Skin infection
Roseola
Warts are small benign tumors called
Papillomas
Papillomavirus is the cause of
Warts
Warts on the soles of the feet are called
Plantar warts
Mycoses are diseases caused by
Fungi
Eczema is this type of infection
Superficial cutaneous mycoses
What kind of Fungus can invade hair, nails, keratin in skin
Dermatophytes
