Kapitel 71 - Artroscopy

Question 1

Name 5 general indications/purposes for arthroscopy?

Answer 1

1 observation
2 biopsy
3 culture
4 removal of loose bodies
5 topical treatment of osteoarthritis (microfracture and abrasion arthroplasty)
6 joint debridement and lavage
7 arthroscopic-assisted joint stabilisation

Question 2

In Canine arthroscopy a cannula is commonly used. Name 3 important functions of a cannula?

Answer 2

1. Maintenance of the arthroscope portal (opening through skin, periarticular soft tissues) 2 Protection of the scope 3 Ingress of Fluid

Question 3

Name 3 reasons why a punch forceps can be useful in small-animal arthroscopy?

Answer 3

1 Removing synovium that is obscuring the view 2 For obtaining a synovial biopsy specimen
3 For debridement for a meniscal injury

Question 4

How is abrasion arthroplasty performed?

Answer 4

Abrasion arthroplasty uses a burr to remove the subchondral bone until bleeding is achieved

Question 5

How is microfracture performed?

Answer 5

Microfracture employs a micropick or an awl to create a hole or crack through the subchondral bone plate and permit bleeding.

Question 6

Explain the reason why these techniques are performed and how they work

Answer 6

These techniques are intended to permit blood to flow from the bone marrow to the cartilage lesion, thereby providing stem cells and allowing a fibrin clot to form and initiate the healing process. These techniques result in fibrocartilage formation, not hyaline cartilage formation

Question 7

Which structures should be observed during shoulder arthroscopy?

Answer 7

1. Medial glenohumeral ligament
2. Subscapular muscle tendon
3. Humeral head
4. Glenoid
5. Supraglenoid tubercle 6. Tendon of origin of the biceps brachii muscle
6. Joint capsule
7. Caudal pouch

Question 8

What is the name of this instrument?
What is the purpose/function of this instrument?

Answer 8

Leipzig Stifle Distractor.

It is used in canine knee arthroscopy to improve the amount of space in the knee joint to better see and treat structures like the menisci.

Question 9

Why is hip joint arthroscopy most commonly performed?

Answer 9

For assessment of cartilage and soft tissue disease before DPO/TPO

Question 10

Which structures should be observed during hip joint arthroscopy?

Answer 10

1. Ligament of the head of the femur
2. Femoral head
3. Acetabulum
4. Transacetabular ligament
5. Acetabular labrum
6. Joint capsule